公开(公告)号：US5963320A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US93713

申请日：1998-06-08

Applicant: Neil H. Brooks ,  Sergey N. Tugarinov ,  Nicolae N. Naumenko ,  Torkil H. Jensen ,  Daniel Finkenthal

Inventor： Neil H. Brooks ,  Sergey N. Tugarinov ,  Nicolae N. Naumenko ,  Torkil H. Jensen ,  Daniel Finkenthal

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/20 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/20 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0294

Abstract: A grating spectrometer employing digital control of an oscillating component (a mirror) and phase-locked digital recording of the intensity profile within the narrow spectral domain defined by an oscillation frequency. Flexible choice of oscillation frequency permits measurement in a quiet region of the noise spectrum. Reference waveforms acquired with the same insturment can be stored and later used to deconvolute a more complex spectrum. The use of multiple detector/slit combinations along a Rowland circle makes the spectrometer sensitive to specific atomic elements.

Abstract translation: 光栅光谱仪采用振荡分量（反射镜）的数字控制和由振荡频率限定的窄谱域内的强度分布的锁相数字记录。 振荡频率的灵活选择允许在噪声谱的安静区域进行测量。 可以存储使用相同装置获得的参考波形，并且稍后用于对更复杂的频谱进行解卷积。 沿Rowland圆圈使用多个探测器/狭缝组合使得光谱仪对特定的原子元素敏感。

公开(公告)号：US5949544A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

申请号：US115211

申请日：1998-07-14

Applicant: Christopher J. Manning

Inventor： Christopher J. Manning

IPC: G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J9/02

CPC classification number: G01J9/0215 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01J3/45

Abstract: A spectrometer includes an actuator assembly, a mobile mirror assembly responsive to the actuator assembly, a balancing element responsive to the mobile mirror assembly, and a suspension mechanism operatively connected between the mobile mirror assembly, the balancing element and an optical support element in a relative position that isolates substantially all forces arising out of the actuation by the actuator assembly of the mobile mirror assembly and the balancing element.

Abstract translation: 光谱仪包括致动器组件，响应于致动器组件的移动反射镜组件，响应于移动反射镜组件的平衡元件，以及可操作地连接在移动反射镜组件，平衡元件和相对的光学支撑元件之间的悬架机构 位置，其通过移动镜组件和平衡元件的致动器组件基本上分离由致动产生的所有力。

公开(公告)号：US5880832A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US808223

申请日：1997-02-28

Applicant: Jay M. Eastman ,  James M. Zavislan

Inventor： Jay M. Eastman ,  James M. Zavislan

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A robust spectrophotometer (also known as a color spectrometer or colorimeter) is self contained in a housing which is adapted to be held-held and has all of the electrical, optical and electro optic elements mounted on a board captured within the housing at one end of which light from a sample is restricted to an object area and projected after being dispersed spectrally, as with a reflection grating, to an image area at a photodetector via a lens which has an optical axis and converges the dispersed light at the image area. The dispersive element is mounted on an arm having a pivot laterally offset from the dispersive element's surface where a diverging beam of light from the object area is incident and is deflected to the image area. The geometry is such that the dispersive element may be rotated to a position where the beam is specularly deflected (zeroth order diffraction), and the spectrometer calibrated when the dispersive element is in the specular reflection/deflection position. The path from the object area is approximately perpendicular to the optical axis, and then is folded by mirrors to direct the beam to incidence on the dispersive element, from which the beam is deflected and focused by the lens, the focal length of which is such that the image and object areas are in conjugate relationship. A pivotal foot on the housing having an aperture may be used to facilitate alignment of the sample with the entrance opening to the housing of the spectrophotometer.

Abstract translation: 坚固的分光光度计（也称为彩色光谱仪或色度计）被容纳在壳体中，该壳体适于被保持并且具有安装在在一端的壳体内捕获的板上的所有电学，光学和电学光学元件 其中来自样品的光被限制在物体区域，并且如通过反射光栅一样在与光学检测器之间的光学检测器上的像面分散之后被投影，通过具有光轴的透镜并将分散的光会聚在图像区域。 分散元件安装在具有横向偏离分散元件表面的枢轴的臂上，其中来自物体区域的发散光束入射并偏转到图像区域。 几何形状使得色散元件可以旋转到光束被镜面偏转的位置（零级衍射），并且当色散元件处于镜面反射/偏转位置时校准光谱仪。 来自物体区域的路径大致垂直于光轴，然后被反射镜折叠以引导光束入射到色散元件上，光束被透镜偏转和聚焦，其焦距等于 图像和对象区域处于共轭关系。 可以使用具有孔的壳体上的枢转脚来促进样品与分光光度计的壳体的入口的对准。

公开(公告)号：US5825486A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US831826

申请日：1997-04-02

Applicant: James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman ,  Robert J. Hutchison

Inventor： James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman ,  Robert J. Hutchison

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A spectrophotometer which is highly manufacturable at minimum cost nevertheless provides precision of measurement of spectra components of light which is projected therein by maintaining precise optical alignment of optical and electrical components thereof. These components are mounted in a module which is contained in a housing having an entrance aperture which defines an object area for light the spectrum of which is measured by a photodetector in the module at an image area. The module has a base plate provided by a printed circuit board on which a closed wall encompasses an area (a corral) on one side of the circuit board. The wall is a one piece structure which extends to the vicinity of the edge of the board. It is assembled with the board as a unitary structure so that the assembly is made torsionally rigid and resists bending in the plane of the board. The module may be of sufficiently small size so as to be located in a housing which is hand held, thereby providing a hand-held spectrophotometer.

Abstract translation: 然而，以最小成本高度可制造的分光光度计提供了通过保持其光学和电气部件的精确光学对准来投射在其中的光的光谱分量的测量的精度。 这些部件安装在一个模块中，该模块包含在具有入射孔的壳体中，该入口孔限定光的对象区域，其光谱由图像区域中的模块中的光电检测器测量。 模块具有由印刷电路板提供的底板，封闭的壁围绕电路板一侧的区域（畜栏）。 该壁是延伸到板的边缘附近的单件结构。 它与板组装成一体的结构，使得组件制成扭转刚性并抵抗板的平面中的弯曲。 模块可以具有足够小的尺寸，以便位于手持的壳体中，从而提供手持式分光光度计。

公开(公告)号：US5739905A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-14

申请号：US806825

申请日：1997-02-26

Applicant: Robert J. Hutchinson

Inventor： Robert J. Hutchinson

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28

Abstract: In order to preclude unreliable or inaccurate spectrophotometric measurements which can be caused by thermal effects (expansion/contraction) of components of the spectrophotometer, such as the dispersive element, the arm or mounting for changing the orientation of the element to scan the spectrum and produce spectral measurements, the element, and also displacement of the photodetector, lenses and other optical elements which can caused thermal effects, and also to reduce temperature-related errors in the photodetector or other electronics of the spectrophotometer, a temperature sensor is disposed in thermally coupled relationship within the spectrophotometer housing. A motor, which is coupled to the arm to change the orientation of the element and to the motor controller, is programmed to utilize the motor as a heat source in response to the temperature of the spectrophotometer detected by the sensor when the motor is not actuating the element grating to provide spectral measurements.

Abstract translation: 为了排除可能由分光光度计（如分散元件）的组件的热效应（膨胀/收缩）引起的不可靠或不准确的分光光度测量，用于改变元件的取向以扫描光谱并产生 光谱测量，元件以及可能引起热效应的光电检测器，透镜和其它光学元件的位移以及降低分光光度计的光电检测器或其他电子器件中的温度相关误差，将温度传感器设置为热耦合 分光光度计外壳内的关系。 与电动机耦合以改变元件和电动机控制器的定向的电动机被编程为响应于当电动机不致动时由传感器检测到的分光光度计的温度来利用电动机作为热源 元素光栅提供光谱测量。

公开(公告)号：US5341207A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-23

申请号：US926618

申请日：1992-08-10

Applicant: Volker Tank ,  Peter Haschberger ,  Burkhard Jansen

Inventor： Volker Tank ,  Peter Haschberger ,  Burkhard Jansen

IPC: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: In each arm of a Michelson interferometer (IF) a retroreflector (110; 110') having its aperture plane aligned perpendicularly to the optical axis is mounted on a respective holder (106; 106') which in turn is rigidly connected to one end of a shaft (105; 105') rotatably mounted in a connecting member (103; 103'). To the other end of the shaft (105; 105') a first gear (107.sub.1 ; 107.sub.1 ') is secured which is coupled via a toothed belt (909; 109') to an identically configured second gear (107.sub.2 ; 107.sub.2 ') which concentrically to a drive shaft (102; 102') of an electric motor (101; 101') is rigidly connected to the housing (1010; 1010') thereof. At a predetermined distance from the shaft (105; 105') the drive shaft (102; 102') is fixedly connected to the connecting member (103; 103') so that on rotation of the motor drive shafts (102; 102') the length of the optical paths is shortened in one interferometer arm and lengthened synchronously therewith in the other interferometer arm, or vice versa. Furthermore, the aperture planes of the two retroreflectors (110, 110') always remain unchanged aligned perpendicularly to the optical axis (FIG. 2 ).

Abstract translation: 在迈克尔逊干涉仪（IF）的每个臂中，具有其垂直于光轴对准的孔径平面的后向反射器（110; 110'）安装在相应的保持器（106; 106'）上，该保持器又与 可旋转地安装在连接构件（103; 103'）中的轴（105; 105'）。 固定在轴（105; 105'）的另一端，第一齿轮（1071; 1071'）经由齿形带（909; 109'）连接到相同配置的第二齿轮（1072; 1072'）上， 与电动机（101; 101'）的驱动轴（102; 102'）同心地刚性连接到其壳体（1010; 1010'）。 在与轴（105; 105'）预定的距离处，驱动轴（102; 102'）固定地连接到连接构件（103; 103'），使得在马达驱动轴（102; 102'）的旋转时， 在另一个干涉仪臂中，一个干涉仪臂中的光路的长度被缩短并与其同步地延长，反之亦然。 此外，两个后向反射器（110,110'）的孔径平面保持不变地垂直于光轴对齐（图2）。

公开(公告)号：US5015069A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-14

申请号：US312537

申请日：1989-02-17

Applicant: Raymond G. Bryan ,  Louis Hlousek

Inventor： Raymond G. Bryan ,  Louis Hlousek

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B26/08

CPC classification number: G02B26/0808 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J2003/066 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: In a spectrophotometer application where high speed positioning is critical, a galvanometer in conjunction with a microprocessor controlled hybrid digital/analog servo system is used to rotate a diffraction grating for wavelength selection. A table containing digital position information for all wavelengths is accessed by the microprocessor to perform wavelength changes. The use of the table permits the determination of grating position to yield a desired wavelength for a system where the axis of rotation does not intersect a point on the surface of the diffraction grating. That is, the diffraction grating can be rotated about an axis coinciding with its center of gravity.

Abstract translation: 在高速定位至关重要的分光光度计应用中，使用与微处理器控制的混合数字/模拟伺服系统结合的电流计旋转用于波长选择的衍射光栅。 微处理器访问包含所有波长的数字位置信息的表以执行波长改变。 使用该表格允许确定光栅位置以产生用于旋转轴线不与衍射光栅表面上的点相交的系统的期望波长。 也就是说，衍射光栅可以围绕与其重心一致的轴线旋转。

公开(公告)号：US4969739A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-13

申请号：US294679

申请日：1989-01-09

Applicant: Philip A. McGee

Inventor： Philip A. McGee

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  H02P7/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  H02P7/04 ,  G01J2003/062 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01J2003/1273 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: An optical grating is oscillated at a high rate to scan a narrow wavelength band of light through the spectrum dispersed by the grating. The grating is connected integrally with the rotor of a motor, which is energized to oscillate its rotor between selected limits. The direction of rotation of the motor is controlled by an H drive circuit connected to a coil of the motor. The speed of the motor is controlled by a pulse train applied to the motor coil through the H drive. The pulse train has a duty cycle varying inversely with the motor speed. The duty cycle of the pulse train is controlled by a counter which is connected to count high frequency pulses and which is reset each time the grating rotates through an angular increment. The limits of the oscillation of the grating and the rate of rotation of the grating between the limits are selectively variable. Output readings from the spectrophotometer are taken at equal angular increments of the grating and these readings are converted to values occurring at equal wavelength increments by a computer.

公开(公告)号：US4732476A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US759291

申请日：1985-07-26

Applicant: Yoav Barshad

Inventor： Yoav Barshad

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01J3/1838

Abstract: An improved rapid-scan spectrophotometer with an optical grating continuously rotating at a constant angular velocity. An optical trigger actuated by the rotating turntable supporting the grating, actuates an analog to digital converter to sample at discrete times an output signal from the sample detector over the desired wavelength range and to store the digitized information in a direct memory access (DMA) buffer. The information may be retrieved as desired from the buffer for further processing or permanent data storage. With each revolution of the optical grating, the range (typically 15.degree.) of wavelengths from the grating that provides useful information is sampled by the analog to digital converter and stored in the buffer. Because the grating is continuously rotating at a constant angular velocity and is not limited by the inertia of optical components, the spectrophotometer can be operated at a much higher scanning speed than an oscillating or vibrating grating spectrophotometer.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的快速扫描分光光度计，其光栅以恒定角速度连续旋转。 由支撑光栅的旋转转盘启动的光学触发器致动模数转换器，以在离散时间对来自样品检测器的所需波长范围的输出信号进行采样，并将数字化信息存储在直接存储器存取（DMA）缓冲器 。 可以根据需要从缓冲器中检索信息以用于进一步处理或永久数据存储。 随着光栅的每次旋转，来自提供有用信息的光栅的波长范围（通常为15°）由模数转换器采样并存储在缓冲器中。 因为光栅以恒定的角速度连续旋转，并且不受光学部件的惯性的限制，所以分光光度计可以以比振荡或振动光栅分光光度计高得多的扫描速度运行。

公开(公告)号：US4643572A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US635297

申请日：1984-07-27

Applicant: Youji Sonobe ,  Youichi Tamura ,  Kenichiro Umesaki

Inventor： Youji Sonobe ,  Youichi Tamura ,  Kenichiro Umesaki

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J2003/062

Abstract: A driving circuit for rotating the grating of a monochromator thereby changing the wavelength of light which is emitted from the monochromator. This driving circuit includes an operating panel for supplying wavelength data, a data converting circuit which obtains a trigonometric function value corresponding to the wavelength data when the data converting circuit receives the wavelength data, and which converts the wavelength data to angle data on the basis of the trigonometric function value, and a motor driver for rotating the grating into the angular position corresponding to the angle data.

Abstract translation: 用于旋转单色仪的光栅的驱动电路，从而改变从单色仪发射的光的波长。 该驱动电路包括用于提供波长数据的操作面板，数据转换电路，其在数据转换电路接收波长数据时获得与波长数据对应的三角函数值，并且基于以下方式将波长数据转换为角度数据： 三角函数值和用于将光栅旋转到对应于角度数据的角位置的电动机驱动器。