Abstract:
An oceano-thermosteric power plant is provided with plural evaporators and plural condensers, alternate parts of which are not operated at night and in winter on light load and hence a high efficiency heat exchange can be maintained. During the period that selected condensers and evaporators are not in service, excess cold water from the out-of-service condensers is circulated through the out-of-service evaporators in the opposite direction and hence the filth deposited inside the out-of-service evaporators can be washed away.
Abstract:
A process for producing an optical member comprises forming a resin layer on the surface of a glass substrate by filling with a resin the gap between a master having a releasing layer on the surface and a glass substrate and separating the master to produce an optical member constituted of a glass substrate and a resin layer and the releasing layer is comprised of a compound having a fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group and an alkoxysilane group or a silane halide group. The releasing layer may be treated with an amine or an acid so as to form a rigid adherence between the compound forming the releasing layer and the surface of the master by chemical bonding. The releasing layer is subjected, if desired, to a thin film-forming treatment. The thin film-forming treatment is carried out, for example, by ultrasonic cleaning.
Abstract:
An evaporator comprises a plurality of plate assemblies, each consisting of four plates put together with a predetermined distance defined between adjacent plates. In each plate assembly, between the two opposed inner plates, a space into which a liquid to be evaporated is introduced is defined by gaskets extending between and around the outer peripheries of the inner plates. Further, the inner plates and the two outer plates disposed outside the inner plates cooperate with gaskets extending between and around the outer peripheries of the plates to define two evaporating spaces therebetween which are disposed on opposite sides of the central liquid introducing space. The inner plates are each formed with a number of apertures establishing communication between the introducing space and evaporating spaces. Further, the outer plates in each plate assembly cooperate with the outer plates in adjacent plate assemblies to define heat transmitting spaces into which a heating medium is introduced.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method and apparatus for recovering rare metal, which separates and collects rare metals by making use of chemical actions in an efficient combination of adsorption and separation, thereby reducing work load and improving work safety. The method for recycling rare metals includes a leaching step in which a rare metal of palladium, platinum, and rhodium is mixed with hydrochloric acid into a hydrochloric acid mixture, which is then stirred at one atmospheric pressure or lower at a temperature from 50 to 90 degrees Centigrade. The vapor resulting from the stirring is condensed, and the hydrochloric acid resulting from the condensing is fed back to the original hydrochloric acid mixture to produce a hydrochloric acid leaching solution. The hydrochloric acid leaching solution produced in the leaching step is used to collect the rare metals.
Abstract:
Provided is a pure liquid manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing pure liquid such as pure water efficiently. Together with a series of units, from a heating unit to a condensation unit, for obtaining pure liquid from vapor, a drain tank unit for storing liquid is disposed, after the liquid discharged from the vaporization unit and the separation unit and new liquid are mixed in advance in the drain tank unit, the mixed liquid is pressurized by a pump unit and supplied to the heating unit. Consequently, the drain tank unit serves as a buffer for pressure, thus making it possible to maintain easily the pressure in the respective units such as the vaporization unit, etc., and reduce load of a vacuum exhaust unit to ensure a reduced pressure state, and dispose the required minimum valves for maintaining the pressure, thereby achieving the simplification of the apparatus structure.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method and apparatus for recovering rare metal, which separates and collects rare metals by making use of chemical actions in an efficient combination of adsorption and separation, thereby reducing work load and improving work safety. The method for recycling rare metals includes a leaching step in which a rare metal of palladium, platinum, and rhodium is mixed with hydrochloric acid into a hydrochloric acid mixture, which is then stirred at one atmospheric pressure or lower at a temperature from 50 to 90 degrees Centigrade. The vapor resulting from the stirring is condensed, and the hydrochloric acid resulting from the condensing is fed back to the original hydrochloric acid mixture to produce a hydrochloric acid leaching solution. The hydrochloric acid leaching solution produced in the leaching step is used to collect the rare metals.
Abstract:
Tubular heat transferring members are disposed in a shell. A kind of fluid passes through the heat transferring members, while the other kind of fluid flows around the heat transferring members in the direction perpendicular to the flowing direction of the former fluid, to make a heat exchange between these fluids through the heat transferring members. No packing member is needed to ease restriction in pressure applied to the fluid, improving the heat exchange efficiency. There is no occurrence of leakage, improving reliability. The opposite end portions of the heat transferring members serve as an inlet to the inside of the heat transferring members and an outlet therefrom and there is no opening formed in the intermediate portion of the heat transferring members without wasting material in a blanking process for the heat transferring members, thus providing an economic effect.
Abstract:
A condenser comprises at least one heat transferring face formed of a plate-shaped material. Change of phase of a low temperature fluid from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase is made by causing a high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid to flow on opposite surface sides of the heat transferring face, respectively, so that flowing directions of the high and low temperature fluids are perpendicular to each other, to make a heat exchange. There is provided at least one condensate discharging trough portion having a first groove portion formed on a surface of the high temperature fluid side of the heat transferring face so as to extend in an oblique direction to a flowing direction of the high temperature fluid by a prescribed angle. The condensate discharging trough portion is capable of receiving condensate of the high temperature fluid, which is generated on the heat transferring face to flow down in the flowing direction of the high temperature fluid. The heat transferring face is divided into zones by the condensate discharging trough portion. The zones have prescribed patterns of irregularity appearing on at least high temperature fluid side.
Abstract:
Local heat transferring zones are provided on a heat transferring face. The zones have prescribed patterns of irregularity, which are different from each other. Resistance corresponding to the flowing velocity of the high temperature fluid is imparted to the high temperature fluid by the patterns of irregularity in the zones. It is possible to distribute uniformly the high temperature fluid to the zones to cause it to flow over the entirety of the heat transferring face so as to obtain a uniform flow rate of the high temperature fluid on the zones, improve the contact efficiency of the high temperature fluid with the heat transferring face and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the high temperature fluid to the low temperature fluid through the heat transferring face, unlike the conventional case that the high temperature fluid does not flow in a uniform state on the heat transferring face due to the biased position for the supply of the high temperature fluid.
Abstract:
Internal reflection of an optical glass is suppressed by applying a coating material comprising a material selected from coal tar and coal tar pitch and a resin selected from vinylidene chloride series copolymers and halogenated epoxy resins.