公开(公告)号：US20050007586A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-13

申请号：US10616398

申请日：2003-07-09

Applicant: Jens Bastue ,  Nicolai Herholdt-Rasmussen ,  Michael Rasmussen ,  Ole Jespersen

Inventor： Jens Bastue ,  Nicolai Herholdt-Rasmussen ,  Michael Rasmussen ,  Ole Jespersen

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: Transmission spectrometers require low levels of background light so that the signal to noise ratio is increased, and also require stable performance over wide temperature ranges. Light reflected by the transmission grating can result in increased background levels. One approach to reducing the background level is to orient the transmissive diffraction grating so that light reflected by the grating is reflected out of the diffraction plane. The temperature-induced wavelength drift of a transmission spectrometer can be due to the frame upon which the transmission grating is mounted. The wavelength drift is reduced by allowing the thermal expansion of the grating to be independent of the frame.

Abstract translation: 透射光谱仪需要低水平的背景光，从而增加信噪比，并且在宽温度范围内也需要稳定的性能。 由透射光栅反射的光可导致背景增加。 降低背景水平的一种方法是使透射衍射光栅定向，使得由光栅反射的光被反射出衍射平面。 透射光谱仪的温度感应波长漂移可能是由于安装透射光栅的框架。 通过允许光栅的热膨胀独立于框架来减小波长漂移。

公开(公告)号：US6166805A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US350093

申请日：1999-07-09

Applicant: Tohru Mori ,  Tsutomu Kaneko ,  Manabu Kojima

Inventor： Tohru Mori ,  Tsutomu Kaneko ,  Manabu Kojima

IPC: G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/1804

Abstract: The present invention relates to a double pass monochromator that improves wavelength resolution and reduces the actual length thereof. A return reflection means 7 that reverses the direction of dispersion of the wavelength of the second pass light 1c, 1f emitted and incident on a diffraction grating 4 during the reflection. In addition, the angles of the incident and emitted light during separation of spectral components by the diffraction grating are identical during the first and second diffraction.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及提高波长分辨率并降低其实际长度的双通单色仪。 反射反射装置7，其反射在反射期间发射并入射到衍射光栅4上的第二通过光1c 1f的波长的散射方向。 此外，在衍射光栅分离光谱分量期间入射光和发射光的角度在第一和第二衍射期间是相同的。

公开(公告)号：US6147761A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-14

申请号：US59889

申请日：1998-04-14

Applicant: Eric Walowit ,  Ronald J. Duke ,  Victor L. Iseli ,  Long B. Sam

Inventor： Eric Walowit ,  Ronald J. Duke ,  Victor L. Iseli ,  Long B. Sam

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/18 ,  H04J15/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/0272

Abstract: A sensor for measuring reflective, transmissive, or self-luminous samples, comprises a plurality of light sources, where each of the light sources emit light of a substantially different wavelength band spaced in the visible spectrum; a reference channel photodetector; a sample channel photodetector; an optical cap adapted to direct a first portion of the light emitted by each of the light sources to the reference channel photodetector, a reflector cone for directing a second portion of the light emitted by each of the light sources to the sample; and a receptor piece for directing the diffuse portion of the light reflected from the sample to the sample channel photodetector. Preferably, the reference channel and sample channel photodetectors are identical devices and are mounted back-to-back to share environmental characteristics, and in turn, minimize the variation between their respective responses. The sensor is preferably incorporated into a hand-held "mouse" device, which includes an area on its top surface for seating an index finger of the human hand. Positioned within this area is a pressure-activated switch that is operatively coupled to the sensor circuitry for performing the various readings. And the sensor is preferably mounted into the mouse device such that the focal aperture of the downward pointing reflector cone is in axial alignment with the pressure-activated switch. Accordingly, a user will be able to use the mouse to "point" with his or her index finger to an area of the sample surface, and will then simply press the switch using the same index finger.

Abstract translation: 用于测量反射，透射或自发光样品的传感器包括多个光源，其中每个光源发射在可见光谱中间隔开的基本不同的波长带的光; 参考通道光电检测器; 样品通道光电检测器; 适于将由每个光源发射的光的第一部分引导到参考通道光电检测器的光学帽，用于将由每个光源发射的光的第二部分引导到样品的反射器锥体; 以及用于将从样品反射的光的漫射部分引导到样品通道光电检测器的接收器片。 优选地，参考通道和采样通道光电检测器是相同的装置，并且背对背地安装以分享环境特性，并且进而使其各自响应之间的变化最小化。 传感器优选地并入到手持式“鼠标”装置中，该装置包括在其顶部表面上用于放置人的食指的区域。 位于该区域内的是压力启动开关，其可操作地耦合到传感器电路，用于执行各种读数。 并且传感器优选地安装到鼠标装置中，使得向下指示的反射器锥体的焦点孔与压力启动的开关轴向对准。 因此，用户将能够使用鼠标将他或她的食指“指向”到样品表面的区域，然后将简单地使用相同的食指按压开关。

公开(公告)号：US6137641A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US322719

申请日：1999-05-28

Applicant: Anthony C. Gilby

Inventor： Anthony C. Gilby

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G02B26/06 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B5/08

CPC classification number: G02B27/0025 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B26/06 ,  G02B27/0068

Abstract: Selective adjustment of astigmatism is provided by a spherical mirror bent to simultaneously increase radius of curvature in one plane and decrease radius of curvature in the plane at right angles thereto. In one implementation the mirror disposed in a mounting that includes a plurality of abutment surfaces against which a front surface of the spherical mirror abuts to effect bending of the mirror when it is appropriately disposed in the mounting. The plurality of abutment surfaces includes at least two bending surfaces and at least two support surfaces. The bending surfaces are higher than the support surfaces, relative to a surface of the mounting from which they extend. When the mirror is appropriately disposed in the mounting, the bending surfaces push the mirror at particular bending locations at opposite sides of the mirror in the plane of incidence, while the mirror is supported by the support surfaces at two particular support locations at right angles to the plane of incidence. Mounting the mirror in contact with each of the bending surfaces and support surfaces has the effect of flattening or subtracting a cylindrical component from the curvature of the mirror in a first plane (i.e. in the plane of incidence), while steepening or adding a cylindrical component to the curvature in a second plane (i.e. at right angles to the plane of incidence). In another embodiment, the mirror is bent to increase astigmatism, thereby allowing light reflected by the mirror to focus on multiple elements, for example a plurality of flow cells allowing multiple samples to be analyzed at once.

Abstract translation: 散光的选择性调整由球面镜提供，该镜面弯曲以同时增加一个平面中的曲率半径并且减小与其成直角的平面中的曲率半径。 在一个实施方式中，反射镜布置在包括多个邻接表面的安装件中，当适当地布置在安装件中时，球面镜的前表面抵靠着该反光镜抵靠反射镜。 多个邻接表面包括至少两个弯曲表面和至少两个支撑表面。 相对于它们延伸的安装件的表面，弯曲表面比支撑表面高。 当镜子适当地设置在安装件中时，弯曲表面将反射镜推入反射镜相对侧的特定弯曲位置，同时反射镜由支撑表面在两个特定的支撑位置处以与 发生的飞机。 安装与每个弯曲表面和支撑表面接触的反射镜具有在第一平面（即，入射平面）中从反射镜的曲率平坦化或减去圆柱形部件的效果，同时陡峭或加入圆柱形部件 到第二平面中的曲率（即与入射平面成直角）。 在另一个实施例中，镜被弯曲以增加散光，从而允许由镜反射的光聚焦在多个元件上，例如允许立即分析多个样品的多个流动池。

公开(公告)号：US6104488A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

申请号：US372725

申请日：1999-08-12

Applicant: Paul D. LeVan

Inventor： Paul D. LeVan

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/36

Abstract: Spectra corresponding to overlapping grating orders are focused onto a multi-waveband focal plane array in order to create spectral images of a scene simultaneously in multiple wavelength regions. The blaze of the grating is chosen so that all spectral orders are dispersed with high grating efficiency. Such an approach extends the spectral range of disperse spectrometers to several octaves of wavelength, while preserving the compact packaging and cryogenic requirements of conventional (one octave) instruments.

Abstract translation: 对应于重叠光栅级的光谱被聚焦到多波段焦平面阵列上，以便在多个波长区域中同时创建场景的光谱图像。 选择光栅的火焰，使得所有光谱顺序以高光栅效率分散。 这种方法将分散光谱仪的光谱范围扩展到波长的几个八度，同时保持传统（一个八度）仪器的紧凑的包装和低温要求。

公开(公告)号：US6100974A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US153381

申请日：1998-09-15

Applicant: Francis M. Reininger

Inventor： Francis M. Reininger

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/2823

Abstract: An imaging spectrometer has fore-optics coupled to a spectral resolving system with an entrance slit extending in a first direction at an imaging location of the fore-optics for receiving the image, a convex diffraction grating for separating the image into a plurality of spectra of predetermined wavelength ranges; a spectrometer array for detecting the spectra; and at least one concave sperical mirror concentric with the diffraction grating for relaying the image from the entrance slit to the diffraction grating and from the diffraction grating to the spectrometer array. In one embodiment, the spectrometer is configured in a lateral mode in which the entrance slit and the spectrometer array are displaced laterally on opposite sides of the diffraction grating in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. In another embodiment, the spectrometer is combined with a polychromatic imaging camera array disposed adjacent said entrance slit for recording said image.

Abstract translation: 成像光谱仪具有耦合到光谱分辨系统的前光学，其具有在用于接收图像的前光学器件的成像位置处沿第一方向延伸的入射狭缝，用于将图像分离成多个光谱的凸衍射光栅 预定波长范围; 用于检测光谱的光谱仪阵列; 以及与衍射光栅同心的至少一个凹形精镜，用于将图像从入射狭缝中传播到衍射光栅，并且从衍射光栅到光谱仪阵列。 在一个实施例中，光谱仪被配置为横向模式，其中入射狭缝和光谱仪阵列在基本上垂直于第一方向的第二方向上在衍射光栅的相对侧横向移位。 在另一个实施例中，光谱仪与邻近所述入口狭缝设置的用于记录所述图像的多色成像相机阵列组合。

公开(公告)号：US6034767A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US292023

申请日：1999-04-15

Applicant: Osamu Yoshikawa

Inventor： Osamu Yoshikawa

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/06

Abstract: A monochromator according to the present invention has an arm 1 rotatably mounted on a rotation shaft 3, and a diffraction grating 6 is fixed to the arm 1. The arm 1 is rotated by a linear motor 9 including a moving part 91 fixed to the arm 1 and a stator part 92 fixed to a base 2. The linear motor 9 is a voice-coil linear motor constructed to allow the arm 1 to rotate reciprocatively around the rotation shaft 3 within a preset angular range. The absolute rotational position of the arm 1 is detected by a rotary encoder 7 including a crossbar 71 fixed to the arm 1 and a encoder block 72 fixed to the base 2. Based on the output signal of the rotary encoder 7, the linear motor 9 is controlled so that the moving part 92 rotates at a fixed angular speed around the rotation axis 3. Thus, the wavelength scanning is carried out at high speed, and sampling of monochromatic light having desired wavelengths is performed accurately.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的单色仪具有可旋转地安装在旋转轴3上的臂1，并且衍射光栅6固定到臂1.臂1由线性电动机9旋转，线性电动机9包括固定到臂的移动部分91 固定在基座2上的定子部92.线性马达9是构成为能够使臂1绕预定角度范围内的旋转轴3往复运动的音圈线性马达。 臂1的绝对旋转位置由包括固定在臂1上的横杆71和固定在基座2上的编码器块72的旋转编码器7检测。基于旋转编码器7的输出信号，线性马达9 被控制为使得移动部件92围绕旋转轴线3以固定的角速度旋转。因此，波长扫描以高速进行，并且准确地执行具有期望波长的单色光的采样。

公开(公告)号：US6034370A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US176884

申请日：1998-10-22

Applicant: Robert G. Messerschmidt

Inventor： Robert G. Messerschmidt

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0229

Abstract: A spectrometer having a source of broad band infrared energy, a relay mirror that focuses the infrared energy at an intercepting mirror, a first object mirror that collimates the infrared energy from the intercepting mirror, a spatial light modulator that receives the collimated infrared energy and reflects it back to the first object mirror, the spatial light modulator including deformable mirror elements, and a controller that deforms the mirror elements according to a predetermined pattern. Deformable mirror elements obtain needed spectra while reducing the mechanical complexity of the spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 具有宽带红外能量源的光谱仪，将红外能量聚焦在拦截镜处的中继镜，准直来自拦截镜的红外能量的第一物镜，接收准直红外能量并反射的空间光调制器 它回到第一物镜，包括可变形镜元件的空间光调制器和根据预定图案使镜元件变形的控制器。 可变形的镜子元件获得所需的光谱，同时降低光谱仪的机械复杂性。

公开(公告)号：US06031608A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-29

申请号：US146424

申请日：1998-09-03

Applicant: Kenneth P. VonBargen ,  Karl H. Norris

Inventor： Kenneth P. VonBargen ,  Karl H. Norris

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: In a spectroscopic instrument having a spherical grating to disperse incident light into a spectrum, the grating is oscillated on axis to scan the light passing through an exit slit through the spectrum or a portion of the spectrum. The axis of rotation of the grating is shifted to be displaced from tangent to the center of the spherical grating so that the light passing through the exit slit is substantially focused throughout the spectrum scanned by the instrument. The grating is mounted in the holder to shift the center of gravity of the grating and the holder to be on the axis on which the grating is pivoted.

Abstract translation: 在具有用于将入射光分散到光谱中的球面光栅的光谱仪中，光栅在轴上振荡，以扫描通过光谱或光谱的一部分的出射狭缝的光。 光栅的旋转轴线被偏移到与球面光栅的中心相切的位置，使得通过出射狭缝的光在由仪器扫描的整个光谱中基本聚焦。 光栅安装在保持器中以将光栅和保持器的重心移动到光栅枢转的轴上。

公开(公告)号：US6002479A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

申请号：US81441

申请日：1998-05-19

Applicant: Andrzej Barwicz ,  Roman Z. Morawski ,  Mohamed B. Slima

Inventor： Andrzej Barwicz ,  Roman Z. Morawski ,  Mohamed B. Slima

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: An apparatus and method for in situ spectral measurement is disclosed. The apparatus uses a low-resolution grating to disperse light and thereby image a spectrum thereof. The imaged spectrum is converted into a digital electrical signal and is processed in order to enhance the spectral information. The resulting spectral information is analogous to that captured using a higher resolution spectral imager with optical processing of the spectral data.