公开(公告)号：US4190778A

公开(公告)日：1980-02-26

申请号：US914842

申请日：1978-06-12

Applicant: Gerhard Krause

Inventor： Gerhard Krause

IPC: H03K19/082 ,  H03K17/00

CPC classification number: H03K19/082

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor circuit arrangement includes active and passive function elements in a semiconductor body and a high frequency a.c. voltage is used as a supply voltage for the function elements. A highly doped semiconductor substrate of one conductivity type carries a weakly doped layer, for example, of the same conductivity which has zones of the opposite conductivity therein. The substrate functions as an emitter for a plurality of transistors of which the doped zones serve as bases. Spaced co-planar layer sections bridge the base zones and serve as collectors. The collectors are either metal layers or semiconductor layers and in either case are covered with an insulating layer which carries a conductive layer for connection to a high frequency supply.

Abstract translation: 集成半导体电路装置包括半导体主体中的有源和无源功能元件和高频率交流电源。 电压用作功能元件的电源电压。 一种导电类型的高度掺杂的半导体衬底承载例如具有相同导电性的相同导电性的弱掺杂层， 衬底作为多个晶体管的发射极发挥作用，其中掺杂区域用作基极。 间隔的共面层部分桥接基部区域并用作收集器。 集电器是金属层或半导体层，并且在任一情况下都被绝缘层覆盖，绝缘层承载用于连接到高频电源的导电层。

公开(公告)号：US4105943A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-08

申请号：US823402

申请日：1977-08-10

Applicant: Gerhard Krause

Inventor： Gerhard Krause

IPC: H03F1/34 ,  H03F3/14

CPC classification number: H03F1/34

Abstract: The dynamic input impedance of a feedback current amplifier is varied such that a matching to the characteristic impedance of a line feeding the amplifier is achieved. An integrated negative feedback current amplifier has at least two amplifier stages and one inverse coupling branch from the amplifier input to the amplifier output. The active element of the last amplifier stage has a divided output circuit such that the output current is divided between the inverse coupling branch and the amplifier output. The input DC current is selected such that the dynamic amplifier input impedance is adjusted to the characteristic impedance of a line feeding the amplifier.

Abstract translation: 反馈电流放大器的动态输入阻抗变化，从而实现与馈送放大器的线路的特性阻抗的匹配。 集成的负反馈电流放大器具有至少两个放大器级和从放大器输入到放大器输出的一个反向耦合分支。 最后一个放大器级的有源元件具有分压输出电路，使得输出电流在反耦合分支和放大器输出之间被分压。 选择输入直流电流使得动态放大器输入阻抗被调整到馈送放大器的线的特性阻抗。

公开(公告)号：US4462687A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-31

申请号：US325773

申请日：1981-11-30

Applicant: Gerhard Krause

Inventor： Gerhard Krause

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/12

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846

Abstract: The present spectrometer features two modulators 11, 11' disposed one on either side of a dispersive member 19 which produces wavelength dependent deflections .alpha. of the various spectral components in the radiation. In other words the precise angle of deflection .alpha. is a function of wavelength. The dispersive element 19 is conveniently positioned between two lenses 26 which form a telecentric system with a magnification of one. The lens system is used to produce an image of the first modulator on the second modulator. Each of the modulators is preferably a grating with a linearly varying grating constant so that the modulators, which move in opposite directions f,f' at constant speed subject the incident radiation to a position dependent modulation. The radiation emerging from the second modulator 11' falls onto a photodetector 13. The arrangement is such that the output signal from the detector 13 contains a number of different frequencies each of which is characteristic of one of the particular spectral components. These frequencies, and thus the information on the individual spectral components can be readily separated using respective band pass filters 17.sub.I, 17.sub.II, 17.sub.III.

Abstract translation: 本光谱仪具有两个调制器11,11'，其设置在分散构件19的任一侧上，其在辐射中产生各种光谱分量的波长相关偏转α。 换句话说，精确的偏转角α是波长的函数。 分散元件19方便地位于两个透镜26之间，这两个透镜26形成了一个放大倍率的远心系统。 透镜系统用于在第二调制器上产生第一调制器的图像。 每个调制器优选地是具有线性变化光栅常数的光栅，使得以恒定速度以相反方向f'f'移动的调制器将入射辐射定位到依赖于位置的调制。 从第二调制器11'出射的辐射落在光电检测器13上。这种布置使得来自检测器13的输出信号包含多个不同的频率，每个频率都是特定频谱分量之一的特征。 这些频率以及因此关于各个频谱分量的信息可以使用各自的带通滤波器17I，17II，17III容易地分离。

公开(公告)号：US4240087A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US956906

申请日：1978-11-02

Applicant: Gerhard Krause ,  Werner Spaeth

Inventor： Gerhard Krause ,  Werner Spaeth

IPC: H05K9/00 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/12 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L21/12

CPC classification number: H01L33/42

Abstract: An optoelectronic coupler with a semiconductor transmitter and a semiconductor receiver has a transparent conductive screen formed of semiconductor material overlying the active area of at least one of the transmitter and receiver, in the path of optical radiation passing between the transmitter and receiver, and directly electrically connected to a semiconductor zone of the active area, to protect the coupler from changes in its electrical characteristics due to high intensity electric fields.

Abstract translation: 具有半导体发射器和半导体接收器的光电耦合器具有由半导体材料形成的透明导电屏蔽层，覆盖发射器和接收器中的至少一个的有源区域，在发射器和接收器之间的光辐射路径中， 连接到有源区域的半导体区域，以保护耦合器免受由于高强度电场引起的电特性的变化。

公开(公告)号：US4158144A

公开(公告)日：1979-06-12

申请号：US833045

申请日：1977-09-14

Applicant: Gerhard Krause

Inventor： Gerhard Krause

IPC: G04C10/02 ,  H02M11/00 ,  G02B27/00

CPC classification number: H02M11/00 ,  G04C10/02

Abstract: A circuit arrangement is disclosed for the transmission of electrical supply outputs for low power devices which must be electrically separated from the mains supply. The circuit arrangement has at least one opto-electronic coupler with which low power can be transmitted with complete electrical separation. Accordingly, mains transformers can be replaced in low power operations.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于传输低功率器件的电源输出的电路装置，它们必须与电源电气分离。 该电路装置具有至少一个光电耦合器，通过该光电耦合器能够以完全的电气分离传输低功率。 因此，电力变压器可以在低功率运行中更换。

公开(公告)号：US4100423A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-11

申请号：US774661

申请日：1977-03-04

Applicant: Gerhard Krause

Inventor： Gerhard Krause

IPC: H04B10/80 ,  G02B27/00

CPC classification number: H04B10/802

Abstract: An opto-electronic coupler for signal voltages of

Abstract translation: 提供信号电压<1V的光电耦合器，其中耦合器的发射器与接收器电分离。 为了避免电流供应装置，提供了两个附加的耦合器，其串联连接并且与第一耦合器相反的耦合方向。 额外的耦合器为第一耦合器的发光二极管发射器提供必要的能量。