公开(公告)号：US5916480A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US159976

申请日：1998-09-24

Applicant: Udo Rotermund ,  Marion Heinz ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann

Inventor： Udo Rotermund ,  Marion Heinz ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann

IPC: C08J9/00 ,  B01F17/34 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/28 ,  C08G18/34 ,  C08G18/40 ,  C08G18/42 ,  C08G18/66 ,  C08G101/00 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08K3/00

CPC classification number: C08J9/141 ,  C08G18/6607 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08J2205/10 ,  C08J2375/04

Abstract: Blowing agent-containing emulsions comprisea) compounds containing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates,b) blowing agents,c) catalysts, auxiliaries and/or additives which are customary in polyurethane chemistry, wherein the blowing agents b) are present as an emulsion in the components a) and c), and polyester alcohols having the following structure are used as emulsification aids: ##STR1## where m=0-15n=0-1o=0-15p=0-1q=0-15r=0-1s=0-15t=0-1u=0-10v=0-15x=1-5y=1-4 or mixtures of 1-3 where r+n.noteq.0z=0-3z.sub.i =0.1-3R.sub.1 is an aliphatic structure without OH groups, based on the structure of polyhydric alcohols, preferably ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylol ethane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, where these substances can also be used as any mixture with one another in the esterification and R.sub.1 can therefore also be a mixture of the corresponding structures,R.sub.2 is the radical of a polycarboxylic acid without COOH groups, eg. adipic acid, terephthalic acid, o-phthalic acid,R.sub.3 is an alcohol radical like R.sub.1.

Abstract translation: 含发泡剂的乳液包括a）含有对异氰酸酯具有反应性的氢原子的化合物，b）发泡剂，c）在聚氨酯化学中常用的催化剂，助剂和/或添加剂，其中发泡剂b）作为乳液存在 在组分a）和c）中，具有以下结构的聚酯醇用作乳化助剂：其中m = 0-15n = 0-1 o = 0-15 p = 0-1 q = 0-15 r = 0-1 s = 0-15 t = 0-1 u = 0-10 v = 0-15 x = 1-5 y = 1-4或1-3的混合，其中r + n NOTEQUAL 0 z = 0-3 zi = 0.1-3 R1是不含OH基团的脂肪族结构，基于多元醇的结构，优选乙二醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，1,2-丙二醇和二丙二醇，1,4-丁二醇， 6-己二醇，新戊二醇，1,3-丁二醇，三羟甲基丙烷，三羟甲基乙烷，甘油，季戊四醇，其中这些物质也可以作为彼此在酯化中的任何混合物使用，因此， 因此是相应结构的混合物，R2是不含COOH基团的多元羧酸的基团，例如。 己二酸，对苯二甲酸，邻苯二甲酸，R3是如R1的醇基。

公开(公告)号：US5624969A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-29

申请号：US677744

申请日：1996-07-10

Applicant: Holger Seifert ,  Renate Hempel ,  Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund

Inventor： Holger Seifert ,  Renate Hempel ,  Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund

IPC: C08J9/02 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/08 ,  C08G18/28 ,  C08G18/65 ,  C08J9/14

CPC classification number: C08J9/149 ,  C08G18/282 ,  C08J9/141 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08J2375/04

Abstract: In a process for producing rigid foams based on isocyanate, the blowing agent used is a mixture of at least one low-boiling hydrocarbon having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, low molecular weight monohydric alcohols containing primary or secondary hydroxyl groups and having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and, if desired, the carbon dioxide formed from water and isocyanate. The rigid foams can be used as insulation material.

公开(公告)号：US5621024A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-15

申请号：US542274

申请日：1995-10-12

Applicant: Peter Eberhardt ,  Ruediger Krech ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Klaus Techritz

Inventor： Peter Eberhardt ,  Ruediger Krech ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Klaus Techritz

IPC: C08J3/20 ,  B29B7/88 ,  B29B11/10 ,  B29K75/00 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/08

CPC classification number: C08G18/0895 ,  B29C47/6087

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of thermoplastic polyurethane by reacting a) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates with b) at least one oligomeric polyhydroxy and/or polyamino compound having an average molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 g/mol, in the presence or absence of c) chain extenders having at least two Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and an average molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol, d) catalysts, e) compounds which are less than difunctional with respect to isocyanates and/or isocyanates which are less than difunctional and, f) assistants and/or additives, in a twin-screw extruder in which both screws rotate in the same direction and which has a length of/diameter ratio of from 20 to 6 and discharging the resulting thermoplastic polyurethane from the extruder with shaping.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过使a）有机和/或改性的有机多异氰酸酯与b）至少一种平均分子量为400至10,000g / mol的低聚多羟基和/或聚氨基化合物反应来制备热塑性聚氨酯的方法 存在或不存在c）具有至少两个Zerewitinoff-活性氢原子和平均分子量小于400g / mol的扩链剂，d）催化剂，e）相对于异氰酸酯而言小于二官能度的化合物和 /或小于二官能度的异氰酸酯，和f）辅助剂和/或添加剂，其中两个螺杆沿相同方向旋转，并且其长度/直径比为20至6，并将 从挤出机得到的热塑性聚氨酯与成型。

公开(公告)号：US20060014908A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10526930

申请日：2003-09-08

Applicant: Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Michael Hesse ,  Jan Rudloff ,  Maryline Desseix

Inventor： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Michael Hesse ,  Jan Rudloff ,  Maryline Desseix

IPC: C08G18/02 ,  C08G18/06

CPC classification number: C04B38/0022 ,  C04B2111/00793 ,  C04B2111/00844 ,  C04B2111/00853 ,  H01G11/24 ,  H01G11/32 ,  H01G11/48 ,  Y02E60/13 ,  C04B35/52 ,  C04B38/0054 ,  C04B38/0058 ,  C04B38/0074

Abstract: The invention relates to a foam comprising at least 70% by weight of carbon and having a mean cell size above 20 μm, a porosity based on this cell size of from 35% to 99.5% and an open cell content above 90%, an internal surface above 50 m2/g, having cell struts whose cross section is a triangle having concave sides and having pores in the cell framework material having dimensions of from 0.2 nm to 50 nm and a volume of from 0.01 cm3/g to 0.8 cm3/g, and also to its use. It further relates to a process for producing a foam comprising at least 70% by weight of carbon by pyrolysis of polymer foams which comprise at least 30% by mass of a polymer material having a nitrogen content of more than 6% by mass and having a porosity of from 35 to 99.5% and an open cell content above 1%, have inorganics incorporated into the polymer foam and/or applied to the surface and/or are treated during and/or after the pyrolysis with water vapor and/or carbon dioxide and/or oxygen at above 400° C.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种泡沫，其包含至少70重量％的碳，平均泡孔尺寸高于20μm，基于该孔尺寸为35％至99.5％，开孔率为90％以上的孔隙率，内部 表面高于50m 2 / g，具有电池支柱，其横截面是具有凹面的三角形并且在电池框架材料中具有尺寸为0.2nm至50nm的体积和0.01的体积 cm 3 / g至0.8cm 3 / g，也用于其用途。 本发明还涉及通过聚合物泡沫的热分解至少70重量％的碳的泡沫体的制造方法，其包含至少30质量％的氮含量大于6质量％的聚合物材料，并且具有 35％至99.5％的孔隙率和1％以上的开孔含量，将无机物掺入聚合物泡沫体中和/或施加到表面和/或在水蒸气和/或二氧化碳热解过程中和/或之后进行处理 和/或高于400℃的氧气

公开(公告)号：US06284812B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-04

申请号：US09159798

申请日：1998-09-24

Applicant: Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Schmiade

Inventor： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Schmiade

IPC: C08G1804

CPC classification number: C08J9/14 ,  C08G18/6607 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08J2203/14 ,  C08J2203/142 ,  C08J2375/04

Abstract: Thermally stable rigid foams based on isocyanate can be produced by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms which can react with isocyanate groups, c) water, in the presence of d) physically acting blowing agents, in the presence or absence of e) catalysts and auxiliaries and/or additives, wherein the component b) comprises bi) at least one polyether alcohol having a functionality of at least 1.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 10 to 100 mg KOH/g in an amount of from 0.2 to 80% by mass, based on b), and bii)at least one polyester alcohol in an amount of from 5 to 90% by mass, based on b), the water c) is present in an amount of at most 2% by mass, based on the sum of the components b) to e), and the component d) used comprises hydrocarbons and/or fluorine-containing hydrocarbons in an amount of from 5 to 30% by mass, based on the sum of the components b) to e).

Abstract translation: 基于异氰酸酯的热稳定的硬质泡沫可以通过使多异氰酸酯与b）含有至少两个可与异氰酸酯基团反应的氢原子的化合物，c）在存在或不存在的情况下在d）物理作用的发泡剂存在下， ）催化剂和助剂和/或添加剂，其中组分b）包含至少一种官能度为至少1.5，羟基数为10至100mg KOH / g的聚醚醇，其量为0.2至80％ 基于b），andbii）基于b）的至少一种聚酯醇的量为5〜90质量％，水c）的含量为至多2质量％，基于 基于组分b）至e）的总和，并且使用的组分d）基于组分b）至e的总和，含有5至30质量％的烃和/或含氟烃 ）。

公开(公告)号：US06274642B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-14

申请号：US09160109

申请日：1998-09-24

Applicant: Udo Rotermund ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann ,  Marion Heinz

Inventor： Udo Rotermund ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann ,  Marion Heinz

IPC: C08J914

CPC classification number: C08J9/141 ,  C08G18/4018 ,  C08G18/4288 ,  C08G18/4816 ,  C08G18/4841 ,  C08G18/4845 ,  C08G18/5024 ,  C08G18/6674 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08J2205/10 ,  C08J2375/04

Abstract: Storage-stable, blowing agent-containing halogen-free emulsions for producing rigid foams based on isocyanate comprise a) compounds containing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, b) water, c) physically acting, halogen-free blowing agents and, if desired, d) auxiliaries and/or additives which are customary in polyurethane chemistry, wherein the component a) comprises polyether alcohols having a functionality of greater than 1.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 10 to 100 mg KOH/g in an amount of from 0.2% by mass to 80% by mass, based on the mass of the component a), and the halogen-free, physically acting blowing agents c) used are hydrocarbons having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract translation: 用于制备基于异氰酸酯的刚性泡沫的储存稳定的含发泡剂的无卤乳液包括a）含有对异氰酸酯基团具有反应性的氢原子的化合物，b）水，c）物理作用的，无卤素的发泡剂，如果需要 ，d）在聚氨酯化学中通常的助剂和/或添加剂，其中组分a）包含官能度大于1.5，羟值为10至100mg KOH / g的聚醚醇，其量为0.2重量％ 基于组分a）的质量计，质量至80质量％，并且所用的无卤物理作用的发泡剂c）是具有3至10个碳原子的烃。

公开(公告)号：US6046247A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-04

申请号：US110745

申请日：1998-07-02

Applicant: Guiscard Gluck ,  Klaus Hahn ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Otto Volkert

Inventor： Guiscard Gluck ,  Klaus Hahn ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Otto Volkert

IPC: C08J9/04 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08J9/00 ,  C08K3/04 ,  C08L75/04

CPC classification number: C08J9/0066 ,  C08G18/4812 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08J2375/04

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams having a low thermal conductivity are produced by reactinga) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates withb) at least one compound containing at least 2 reactive hydrogen atoms in the presence ofc) blowing agents,d) catalysts and, if desired,e) auxiliaries and/or additives,wherein graphite is added to the component a) and/or b).

Abstract translation: 通过使a）有机和/或改性的有机多异氰酸酯与b）至少一种含有至少2个反应性氢原子的化合物在c）发泡剂，d）催化剂的存在下反应制备刚性聚氨酯泡沫，并且如果 所需的e）助剂和/或添加剂，其中将石墨加入到组分a）和/或b）中。

公开(公告)号：US6040349A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US38388

申请日：1998-03-11

Applicant: Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Eva Baum ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Wiegmann

Inventor： Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Eva Baum ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Wiegmann

IPC: C08J9/08 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/50 ,  C08G18/66 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08G18/32

CPC classification number: C08J9/141 ,  C08G18/482 ,  C08G18/5033 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08J2375/12

Abstract: A process for producing rigid polyurethane foams with reduced density by reactinga) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates withb) at least one higher-molecular-weight compound having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and, if desired,c) low-molecular-weight chain extenders and/or crosslinkers in the presence ofd) blowing agents,e) catalysts and, if desired,f) other auxiliaries and/or additives,is described, which comprises using, as blowing agent (d), a mixture of cyclopentane with at least one compound which is homogeneously miscible with cyclopentane selected from the class consisting of the alkanes and/or alkenes having 3 or 4 carbon atoms in the molecule and with the carbon dioxide produced from water and isocyanate, and using, as higher-molecular-weight compound (b) having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms, polyethers which contain aromatics and nitrogen.The use of the rigid foams produced in this way as insulating material is also described.

Abstract translation: 通过使a）有机和/或改性的有机多异氰酸酯与b）至少一种具有至少两个反应性氢原子的高分子量化合物，如果需要，c）低分子量 在d）发泡剂和e）催化剂的存在下，重量增链剂和/或交联剂，e）催化剂，如果需要，f）其它助剂和/或添加剂，其包括使用作为发泡剂（d）的混合物 的环戊烷与至少一种与分子中具有3或4个碳原子的烷烃和/或烯烃与由水和异氰酸酯生成的二氧化碳类型的环戊烷可均匀混溶的化合物，并且使用较高的 - 具有至少两个反应性氢原子的分子量化合物（b），含有芳烃和氮的聚醚。 还描述了以这种方式制造的刚性泡沫作为绝缘材料的用途。

公开(公告)号：US5895792A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-20

申请号：US935911

申请日：1997-09-23

Applicant: Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Wiegmann

Inventor： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Wiegmann

IPC: C08J9/12 ,  C08G18/06 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/50

CPC classification number: C08G18/5033 ,  C08G18/482 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0033 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08G2101/0083

Abstract: In a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams having improved heat distortion resistance and reduced thermal conductivity by reactinga) polyisocyanates withb) compounds containing hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence ofc) water, and, if desired,d) physically acting blowing agents ande) catalysts and known auxiliaries and/or additives, the compounds b) containing hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates are a polyol mixture comprisingb1) a polyol which can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto a hexitol or a hexitol mixture, with the total hexitol content of the polyol mixture being from 15 to 30% by weight, based on the polyol mixture, andb2) a polyol which can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto one or more aromatic amines, with the total amine content of the polyol mixture being from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the polyol mixture, and the amount of the polyol mixture in the component b) is from 60 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the component b).

Abstract translation: 在制备具有改善的耐热变形性和降低热导率的硬质聚氨酯泡沫体的方法中，通过使a）多异氰酸酯与b）在c）水和（如果需要）d）的存在下，对含有氢原子的异氰酸酯反应的化合物d） 发泡剂和e）催化剂和已知的助剂和/或添加剂，包含对异氰酸酯具有反应性的氢原子的化合物b）是多元醇混合物，其包含b1）可以通过在己糖醇中加入环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷制备的多元醇 或己糖醇混合物，其中多元醇混合物的总己糖醇含量为基于多元醇混合物的15至30重量％，和b2）可通过将环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷加成到一个上制备的多元醇 或更多的芳族胺，多元醇混合物的总胺含量基于多元醇混合物为1至10重量％，并且组分中的多元醇混合物的量 b）相对于100质量份组分b）为60〜100质量份。

公开(公告)号：US5880168A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US159924

申请日：1998-09-24

Applicant: Marion Heinz ,  Werner Wiegmann ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Michael Reichelt

Inventor： Marion Heinz ,  Werner Wiegmann ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Michael Reichelt

IPC: C08J9/02 ,  C08G18/28 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/66 ,  C08G101/00 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08G18/34

CPC classification number: C08J9/149 ,  C08G18/482 ,  C08G18/6607 ,  C08G18/6696 ,  C08J9/141 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08G2330/50 ,  C08J2203/14 ,  C08J2203/142 ,  C08J2205/05 ,  C08J2205/10 ,  C08J2375/04 ,  F25D2201/1262 ,  F25D2201/14

Abstract: In a process for producing open-celled rigid foams by reactinga) polyisocyanates withb) compounds containing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence ofc) water,d) if desired, organic compounds acting as physical blowing agents,e) catalysts, auxiliaries and/or additives,the compounds containing reactive hydrogen atoms used are substances having the structure I: ##STR1## where m is 0-15n is 0-1o is 0-15p is 0-1q is 0-15r is 0-1s is 0-15t is 0-1u is 0-10v is 0-15x is 1-5y is 1-4 or mixtures of 1-3 where r+n.noteq.0z is 0-3z.sub.i is 0.1-3R.sub.1 is an aliphatic structure without OH groups based on the structure of polyhydric alcohols, preferably ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, where these substances can also be used in the esterification as any mixture among one another and R.sub.1 can therefore also be a mixture of the corresponding structures,R.sub.2 is the radical of a polycarboxylic acid without COOH groups, eg. adipic acid, terephthalic acid, o-phthalic acid,R.sub.3 is an alcohol radical like R.sub.1.

Abstract translation: 在一种生产开孔刚性泡沫的方法中，通过使a）多异氰酸酯与b）在c）水存在下，含有对异氰酸酯反应的氢原子的化合物，d）如果需要，作为物理发泡剂的有机化合物，e ）催化剂，助剂和/或添加剂，含有反应性氢原子的化合物是具有结构I的物质：0-1 q是0-15 r是0-1 s是0-15 t是0-1 u是0 -10 v是0-15 x是1-5 y是1-4或1-3的混合物，其中r + n是等于0 z是0-3 zi是0.1-3 R1是没有OH基团的脂肪族结构，基于 多元醇的结构，优选乙二醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，1,2-丙二醇和二丙二醇，1,4-丁二醇，1,6-己二醇，新戊二醇，1,3-丁二醇，三羟甲基丙烷，三羟甲基乙烷， 甘油，季戊四醇，其中这些物质也可以在酯化中用作彼此和R1之间的任何混合物，因此可以是 o是相应结构的混合物，R2是不含COOH基团的多元羧酸的基团，例如。 己二酸，对苯二甲酸，邻苯二甲酸，R3是如R1的醇基。