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公开(公告)号：US06966693B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10345637
申请日：2003-01-14
Applicant: Satya Prakash , George H Corrigan, III , Winthrop D. Childers
Inventor： Satya Prakash , George H Corrigan, III , Winthrop D. Childers
CPC classification number: G06K9/0002
Abstract: A thermal characterization chip comprising a substrate having overlying electronics, the electronics including semiconductor circuitry and thin film circuitry overlying the semiconductor circuitry; wherein the electronics define a plurality of thermal domains, each of the domains defining a portion of a receiving surface for receiving an external influence that alters a thermal parameter within the thermal domains; and wherein the electronics further comprises monitoring circuitry for monitoring the thermal parameter in each of the thermal domains over a test time period.
Abstract translation: 一种热表征芯片，其包括具有覆盖电子器件的衬底，所述电子器件包括覆盖所述半导体电路的半导体电路和薄膜电路; 其中所述电子器件限定多个热域，每个所述域限定接收表面的一部分，用于接收改变所述热域内的热参数的外部影响; 并且其中所述电子装置还包括监测电路，用于在测试时间段内监测每个热域中的热参数。
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公开(公告)号：US06948362B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-27
申请号：US10619683
申请日：2003-07-15
Applicant: Nicholas M. Gralenski
Inventor： Nicholas M. Gralenski
CPC classification number: G01F1/74 , G01F1/6842
Abstract: An improved flow measurement device is provided in a flow path for direct measurement of flow. An internal heat source solves the problem of heat transfer in conventional mass flow meters. The heat transfer associated with the internal heater forms the basis of flow measurement, and improved accuracy is achieved. The flow measurement device advantageously eliminates the introduction of inaccuracies, bypass errors, or inaccurate assumptions that are inherent in a conventional bypass structure. The present measurement device eliminates the need for one or more bubblers and thus overcomes bubbler pressure sensitivity and the bubbler requirement for exact (and unstable) gas vapor saturation of conventional flow measurement. The flow measurement device works equally well with gases, liquids or mixtures of gases and liquids and provides greater control over flow rates with very high degree of precision.
Abstract translation: 在流路中提供改进的流量测量装置，用于直接测量流量。 内部热源解决了常规质量流量计中传热问题。 与内部加热器相关的热传递形成了流量测量的基础，并且实现了提高的精度。 流量测量装置有利地消除了常规旁路结构中固有的不准确性，旁路错误或不准确假设的引入。 本测量装置消除了对一个或多个起泡器的需要，从而克服了起泡器压力灵敏度和对常规流量测量的精确（和不稳定）气体蒸气饱和的起泡器要求。 流量测量装置与气体，液体或气体和液体的混合物同样适用，并以非常高的精度提供对流速的更大控制。
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公开(公告)号：US6019505A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US001530
申请日：1997-12-31
Applicant: Ulrich Bonne , David Kubisiak , Robert J. Matthys , Spencer B. Schuldt
Inventor： Ulrich Bonne , David Kubisiak , Robert J. Matthys , Spencer B. Schuldt
CPC classification number: G01N27/18
Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a more direct approach to determine the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of a fluid of interest, independently of the amplitude of the sensor output. This is preferably accomplished by measuring one or more variable phase or time lags between selected input and output AC signals, and directly deriving the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat therefrom. Such derivation is therefore less dependent than amplitude-based sensors on occasional or unpredictable drift in sensor resistive elements.
Abstract translation: 一种用于提供更直接的方法以独立于传感器输出的幅度来确定感兴趣的流体的热导率，热扩散率和比热的方法和装置。 这优选通过测量所选择的输入和输出AC信号之间的一个或多个可变相位或时间滞后，并直接导出热导率，热扩散率和比热。 因此，在传感器电阻元件偶尔或不可预测的漂移中，这种推导与基于幅度的传感器相比较不太依赖。
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公开(公告)号：US5748492A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US599003
申请日：1996-02-09
Applicant: William H. Vander Heyden , Ronald Arthur Berg
Inventor： William H. Vander Heyden , Ronald Arthur Berg
CPC classification number: G01N33/225
Abstract: The heating value of a sample gas is calculated by a microcontroller (12) from the heating value of a reference gas, and from flow ratios determined as the gas is consumed by catalytic combustion. In a preferred embodiment, chambers (5, 14) of fixed volume are charged to a predetermined pressure with a reference gas and a sample gas, respectively, and flowed to the catalyst at variable, changing flow rates as pressure decays. During the discharge cycle, a pressure transducer (13) senses the decaying pressure and this information is input to the microcontroller (12), which computes molar flow rates and which also senses the power level of combustion through a bridge circuit (24) in the catalytic apparatus (8, 10). Based on a ratio of molar flow rates and a ratio of corresponding power levels, a heating value of the sample gas is calculated by the microcontroller (12) and output to a visual display or other output device.
Abstract translation: 样品气体的发热值由微控制器（12）根据参考气体的加热值，以及当气体被催化燃烧消耗时确定的流量比来计算。 在优选实施例中，固定体积的腔室（5,14）分别用参考气体和样品气体加入到预定压力，并且随着压力衰减以可变的变化的流速流入催化剂。 在放电循环期间，压力传感器（13）感测衰减的压力，并且该信息被输入到微控制器（12），微控制器（12）计算摩尔流量，并且还感测通过桥接电路（24）的燃烧功率水平 催化装置（8,10）。 基于摩尔流量比和相应功率水平的比例，通过微控制器（12）计算样品气体的加热值，并将其输出到视觉显示器或其他输出装置。
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95.发明授权Air conditioning apparatus having a plurality of indoor units connected to an outdoor unit 失效具有与室外机连接的多个室内机的空调装置
公开(公告)号：US5297396A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US83695
申请日：1993-06-30
Applicant: Manabu Kitamoto
Inventor： Manabu Kitamoto
CPC classification number: F25B49/022 , F24F3/065 , F25B13/00 , G05D23/1934 , F25B2313/023 , F25B2341/0662 , F25B2400/075 , F25B2600/021 , Y02B30/741 , Y02B30/765
Abstract: A variable-capability compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger installed in an outdoor unit and indoor heat exchangers installed in each of a plurality of indoor units are connected by pipes so as to form a refrigerating cycle. The air-conditioning load on each of the indoor units is detected. The capability of the variable-capability compressor is controlled according to the sum of the air-conditioning loads on the respective indoor units. At the time of a heating operation, the refrigerant heat loss in each of pipes respectively connected to the indoor heat exchangers is detected. When the refrigerant heat loss in at least one of the pipes is a given value or more, the capability of the variable-capability compressor is enhanced to compensate for the refrigerant heat loss.
Abstract translation: 安装在室外机中的可变能力压缩机和室外热交换器以及安装在多个室内单元中的室内热交换器通过管连接以形成制冷循环。 检测各室内机的空调负荷。 可变能力压缩机的能力根据各室内机组的空调负荷之和来控制。 在加热操作时，检测分别连接到室内热交换器的每个管道中的制冷剂热损失。 当至少一个管道中的制冷剂热损失为给定值或更大时，增强了可变能力压缩机的能力以补偿制冷剂热损失。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4764024A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US45960
申请日：1987-05-04
Applicant: Michael J. Ryan
Inventor： Michael J. Ryan
Abstract: A steam trap monitor positioned downstream of a steam trap in a closed steam system includes a first sensor (the combination of a hot finger and thermocouple well) for measuring the energy of condensate and a second sensor (a cold finger) for measuring the total energy of condensate and steam in the line. The hot finger includes one or more thermocouples for detecting condensate level and energy, while the cold finger contains a liquid with a lower boiling temperature than that of water. Vapor pressure from the liquid is used to do work such as displacing a piston or bellows in providing an indication of total energy (steam+condensate) of the system. Processing means coupled to and responsive to outputs from the thermocouple well hot and cold fingers subtracts the condensate energy as measured by the hot finger and thermocouple well from the total energy as measured by the cold finger to provide an indication of the presence of steam downstream from the trap indicating that the steam trap is malfunctioning.
Abstract translation: 位于闭合蒸汽系统中的蒸汽疏水阀下游的蒸汽疏水阀监测器包括用于测量冷凝物能量的第一传感器（热指和热电偶井的组合）和用于测量总能量的第二传感器（冷指） 的冷凝水和蒸汽在线。 热指包括一个或多个用于检测冷凝物水平和能量的热电偶，而冷指包含沸点低于水的液体。 使用来自液体的蒸汽压力来进行工作，例如移动活塞或波纹管，以提供系统的总能量（蒸汽+冷凝物）的指示。 耦合到并响应于热电偶井和冷手指的输出的处理装置减去由热指和热电偶测得的冷凝能量与由冷指测量的总能量的距离，以提供下游的蒸汽的存在的指示 疏水阀表明蒸汽疏水阀发生故障。
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公开(公告)号：US4718478A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-12
申请号：US689387
申请日：1985-01-07
Applicant: Jakob Huber
Inventor： Jakob Huber
CPC classification number: F24D19/1048 , F24D10/006 , F24D19/1009 , G05D23/1931
Abstract: A process controlling a thermal installation is described. The flow of a process liquid through a heat exchanger is achieved dependent upon two temperatures. One is the return temperature of the process liquid which, through the switching on and off or modulation of a circulation pump is maintained at a constant value. The other is the room or outside temperatures or the difference between these two temperatures, whereby during the deviation of a predeterminable limiting value the pump is also switched on and off or modulated. Since the supply temperature from a boiler has a constant temperature, for a central heating system the same amount of heat is drawn from each unit of heating water and thus the measure of the pump flow is sufficient to determine the actual heat consumption. Thereby the fair division of heating costs for each tenant according to actual amount consumed is made possible.
Abstract translation: 描述了控制热安装的过程。 通过热交换器的处理液体的流动取决于两个温度。 一个是通过循环泵的接通和关闭或调制保持恒定值的处理液的返回温度。 另一个是房间或外部温度或这两个温度之间的差异，由此在可预定的限制值的偏差期间，泵也被接通和关闭或调制。 由于来自锅炉的供应温度具有恒定的温度，因此对于中央供暖系统，从每个加热水单元抽取相同的热量，因此泵流量的测量足以确定实际的热消耗。 因此，可以根据实际消耗的数量公平分配每个租户的供暖成本。
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公开(公告)号：US4618266A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-21
申请号：US501009
申请日：1983-06-03
Applicant: Murray F. Feller
Inventor： Murray F. Feller
IPC: G01K17/06
CPC classification number: G01K17/06
Abstract: Energy transmitted to a load in a fluid medium is measured utilizing a probe having an elongate heat transmitter that includes a sensing tip at one end, a heat exchanger at its opposite end, a thermal impedance forming at least a segment of the heat transmitter, and temperature sensors spaced apart along the impedance. The temperature of the sensing tip is maintained different from that of the sensed fluid. A read-out is responsive to the temperature sensors and it is calibrated in terms of the energy content of the fluid flowing in the sensed passage. Corrections for various factors of error are incorporated in the read-out. A relative simple yet reasonably accurate measure is made of the energy in steam, where the heat exchanger of the probe is a passive heat dissipator. By controlling the heat exchanger so as to maintain the sensing tip at the temperature of the fluid in a reference condition, measurement of the energy content of the fluid in another condition is made, this being applicable not only to steam systems but also to forced air heating and cooling systems as well as circulating liquid heating and cooling systems.
Abstract translation: 传输到流体介质中的负载的能量利用具有细长热传递器的探针来测量，所述探头具有细长的热传递器，其包括在一端的感测尖端，在其相对端的热交换器，形成热传递器的至少一部分的热阻抗，以及 温度传感器沿阻抗间隔开。 感测尖端的温度与感测流体的温度保持不同。 读出响应于温度传感器，并且根据在感测通道中流动的流体的能量含量进行校准。 读取中包含各种误差因素的修正。 一个相对简单但相当准确的测量方法就是蒸汽中的能量，其中探头的热交换器是被动散热器。 通过控制热交换器以将感测尖端保持在参考条件下的流体温度，进行另一条件下的流体的能量含量的测量，这不仅适用于蒸汽系统，而且也适用于强制空气 加热和冷却系统以及循环液体加热和冷却系统。
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99.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4595297A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-17
申请号：US787583
申请日：1985-10-15
Applicant: Chih-hsiung F. Liu , Lynton W. R. Dicks
Inventor： Chih-hsiung F. Liu , Lynton W. R. Dicks
CPC classification number: G01K17/06 , G01K7/04 , Y10T29/4935
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus used to determine the heat flux through a portion of a surface of a heat exchanger tube, using heat flux sensor means that is installed on the inner wall of the heat exchanger tube and send a signal to a connected heat flux meter.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定通过热交换器管的表面的一部分的热通量的方法和装置，其使用安装在热交换器管的内壁上的热通量传感器装置，并将信号发送到 连接热通量计。
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公开(公告)号：US4575801A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-11
申请号：US490020
申请日：1983-04-29
Applicant: Kenneth H. Hoberman , Kim J. Kirwan
Inventor： Kenneth H. Hoberman , Kim J. Kirwan
CPC classification number: G06Q30/04
Abstract: A submetering apparatus that includes a power supply unit, an apartment monitoring unit, a main meter monitoring unit, a power failure detection unit, a power failure protection unit, a main processing unit and a memory unit. The apparatus further includes a display unit, a modem unit, a terminal unit, a control switch unit and a memory module unit. These units interact to allow the apparatus to monitor furnace on-time for individual apartment units and to store that data until needed and to calculate appropriate billing statements.
Abstract translation: 一种子计量装置，包括电源单元，公寓监视单元，主表监视单元，断电检测单元，断电保护单元，主处理单元和存储单元。 该装置还包括显示单元，调制解调器单元，终端单元，控制开关单元和存储器模块单元。 这些单元相互作用，允许设备按时监测各个公寓单元的炉子，并将该数据存储到需要的位置，并计算适当的记账单。
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