Abstract:
The present invention provides a magnetic-field sensor using a magnetic substance. In the magnetic-field sensor, a transmission-line element constituted of a conductor layer, dielectric layer and a magnetic layer is inserted in a feedback circuit of a phase-shift type oscillation circuit using an open-loop operational amplifier as an amplifier. An output of the operational amplifier is fed back to an input thereof through the transmission-line element. Thus, a variation in oscillation frequency depending upon the intensity of an external magnetic field is detected as an output of the sensor.
Abstract:
A magnetic disk drive for carrying out reading/writing of information to/from a magnetic disk having a plurality of tracks including an innermost circumference track and an outermost circumference track. The disk drive includes a rotary actuator and a magnetic head mounted on a magnetic head slider which has separate writing and reading elements. The elements have a magnetic gap for reading and writing the information on a magnetic disk. A rotary actuator arm has one end connected to a rotary actuator and the other end connected to the magnetic head slider. The head slider has an inflow end and an outflow end for the fluid flow generated by the rotation of the disk and at least one bearing which generates a dynamic pressure by the fluid flow. The head is provided close to the outflow. A skew angle created between the magnetic gap length direction and the rotating direction of the disk is substantially constant between the innermost and the outermost tracks. The bearing is arranged at a given angle with respect to the rotating direction so that the outflow end is located on the outer circumferential side of the magnetic disk from the inflow end.
Abstract:
A magnetic disk drive that records and reproduces data onto and from a magnetic disk is provided with a rotary actuator arm tilt which has a length such that the variation of the skew angle formed where a line, connecting the center of rotation of rotary actuator, and one end of the rotary actuator crosses the track moving direction of the magnetic disk is a minimum. A composite head unit is provided and composed of a write head and a read head integrated into a single unit which is mounted on the rotary actuator arm, wherein in order to minimize the largest absolute value of the skew angle formed where the disk radius direction crosses the track width direction of the composite magnetic head on a given write track in the range from the innermost write track position to the outermost write track position. The composite magnetic head unit is constructed to meet at least either the condition that the unit is mounted obliquely with respect to a line connecting the center of rotation of the actuator and the composite magnetic head unit or the condition that the write head and the read head are stacked with the write head being shifted from the read head in the track width direction toward the outer circumference or the inner circumference to compensate for a track deviation due to the skew angle.
Abstract:
A thin film magnetic element is disclosed which uses a soft magnetic thin film having a composition represented by the general formula: T.sub.100-x-y M.sub.x (AO.sub.v).sub.y (wherein T stands for at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe and Co, M for at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, Nb, and Y, and A for at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn, B, P, and C, and x, y, and v respectively satisfy the expressions, 5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.20 at. %, 8.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.25 at. %, and 0.ltoreq.v.ltoreq.2), consisting of a homogeneous amorphous phase, and having resistivity of not less than 1000 .mu..OMEGA..multidot.cm. Further, a thin film magnetic element is disclosed which uses a soft magnetic thin film of a microstructure having a composition substantially represented by the general formula, T.sub.100-x-z M.sub.x (AO.sub.v).sub.z (1.ltoreq.z.+-.10 at. %) and consisting of a microcrystalline phase and a first amorphous phase and a second amorphous phase disposed around the phases mentioned above.
Abstract:
An amorphous magnetic thin film possesses as at least part of a thin film forming area a microstructure composed of a first amorphous phase containing at least either of iron and cobalt and bearing magnetism and a second amorphous phase disposed round the first amorphous phase and containing boron and at least one element selected from among the elements of the 4B Group in the Periodic Table of Elements and exhibits uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the plane of film. The amorphous magnetic thin film possesses soft magnetism concurrently satisfying high saturation magnetization and high resistivity and, at the same time, easily acquires high frequency permeability by applying magnetic field in the hard axis of magnetization. Use of these amorphous magnetic thin films for plane magnetic elements permits the plane magnetic elements to be miniaturized and to be endowed with exalted performance. The amorphous magnetic thin film possesses a composition substantially represented by the formula:(Fe.sub.1-x Co.sub.x).sub.1-y (B.sub.1-z X.sub.z).sub.y(wherein X stands for at least one element selected from among the 4B Group elements and x, y, and z stand for numerals satisfying the expressions, 0
Abstract:
A rolling mill in which an upper housing is guided upward and downward along columns, a fluid chamber is formed between the upper end section of each column and a column insertion hole of the upper housing; a fixed piston fixedly mounted on the column is fitted in the fluid chamber; a roll gap rapid widening piston is fixedly installed on the upper end of the column, and on this piston is vertically movably fitted a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted in the upper housing; pressure fluid is constantly supplied to an upper fluid chamber on the piston; a fluid chamber is provided in the column insertion hole of the upper housing, and a column clamping sleeve is fitted therein; and the pressure fluid is fed into, and discharged out of, the fluid chamber to move the upper housing upward and downward.
Abstract:
A method of defrost for an outdoor side heat exchanger in a heat pump having a refrigeration circuit in which a compressor, an indoor side heat exchanger, an expansion device and the outdoor side heat exchanger are connected together so that a heat collected in the outdoor side heat exchanger is radiated from the indoor side heat exchanger and that defrosting for the outdoor side heat exchanger is started when the outdoor heat exchanger is frosted, and a temperature sensor is provided to detect a temperature of the indoor side heat exchanger, wherein the defrosting is started when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is not higher than a first predetermined level with a downward gradient, which is calculated on the basis of the temperature, of the same temperature becoming as sharp as, or sharper than, a predetermined gradient, and the first temperature level is increased after the temperature becomes as high as a second predetermined level wherein the second level.gtoreq.the first level.
Abstract:
A method for the selective separation of at least one water-soluble useful material from an aqueous solution by reverse osmosis is provided. The method comprises contacting the aqueous solution under pressure maintained above the osmotic pressure of the aqueous solution with a semipermeable composite membrane. The semipermeable composite membrane comprises a microporous substrate and a barrier layer having about 0.01 to about 0.1 micron thickness and composed of a cross-linked polymeric material having isocyanurate structures of Formula (I) formed on the microporous substrate: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a glycidyl group, and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkyl radical carrying a functional hydroxyl group and an alkyl radical carrying a functional glycidyl group, with the proviso that at least two of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are glycidyl groups, alkyl radicals carrying functional hydroxyl groups, alkyl radicals carrying glycidyl groups or a combination thereof. The cross-linked polymeric material has ether linkages, ester linkages or a combination thereof connecting the isocyanurate structures to each other.
Abstract:
An electrophotographic apparatus includes a photoconductive drum capable of rotating at least two rotations during a series of copying processes, a first charging device for charging the surface of the drum in a negative polarity, a first exposing device, a development device having a magnetic brush unit, and a second charging device for transferring image. A second exposing device is provided to expose the entire surface of the photoconductive drum together with the residual toner after the image transfer process during the second rotation of the photoconductive drum. A third charging device is provided to supply positive charges to the surface of the drum and the residual toner after the second exposure. The residual toner is removed from the photoconductive drum by the above described magnetic brush unit charged in the same negative polarity with that of the first charging device and the image transfer device.