A motion compensation method, includes acquiring a motion vector of an initial search point in a reference frame of an adjacent block to a to-be-processed block in a to-be-processed image and a motion vector of the adjacent block; determining a search range in the reference frame based on the motion vector of the initial search point and the motion vector of the adjacent block; determining a target pixel in the search range; and performing motion compensation on the to-be-processed block based on the motion vector of the target pixel.