Provided is a display substrate including a substrate and a plurality of light emitting units and a plurality of light detection units located on the substrate, At least one light emitting unit includes a light emitting element and a pixel circuit connected to the light emitting element, and at least one light detection unit includes an optical sensing element and a light emitting detecting circuit connected to the optical sensing element. At least one inorganic hydrogen barrier layer is arranged on one side of the optical sensing element close to the substrate. The light emitting element has a first light emitting region and a second light emitting region, the first light emitting region of the light emitting element emits light from a side away from the substrate, and the second light emitting region of the light emitting element emits light from a side close to the substrate.