The systems, devices, and methods described herein provide nucleic acid digital data storage encoding and retrieving methods that are less costly and easier to commercially implement than existing methods. The systems, devices, and methods described herein provide scalable methods for writing data to and reading data from nucleic acid molecules. The present disclosure covers five primary areas of interest: (1) writing digital information into nucleic acid molecules, (2) accurately and quickly reading information stored in nucleic acid molecules, (3) partitioning data to efficiently encode data in nucleic acid molecules, (4) error protection and correction when encoding data in nucleic acid molecules, and (5) data structures to provide efficient access to information stored in nucleic acid molecules.