A method of controlling a mobile robot includes a learning initial operation of acquiring images for respective points, generating descriptors that respectively correspond to a plurality of feature points extracted from the images, and generating nodes that correspond to the images acquired at the respective points, a label generation operation of generating a label descriptor based on the plurality of descriptors, a localization initial operation of acquiring a localization image when a jumping case occurs, and generating respective localization descriptors corresponding to a plurality of localization feature points extracted from the localization image, a comparison target selection operation of matching the label descriptor to each of the localization descriptors and selecting one or more comparison target nodes corresponding to the matched label descriptor, and a last node selection operation of selecting a node estimated as the current position among the one or more comparison target node.