A fireproof battery module including a plurality of battery cells and at least one fireproof layer. The battery cells are electrically connected to one another. The at least one fireproof layer is located between two of the plurality of battery cells that are adjacent to each other. The fireproof layer includes a heat absorbing part and a heat insulation part that are connected to each other. The heat absorbing part includes a vaporizable material and a thermal conductivity of the heat insulation part is lower than a thermal conductivity of the heat absorbing part.