The utility model provides a brake caliper protective cover for a vehicle and the vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles. The brake caliper protective cover for a vehicle includes: aprotective cover body; wherein the first mounting bracket and the second mounting bracket are symmetrically arranged; one end of the first installation support and one end of the second installation support are detachably connected to the two ends of the protective cover body respectively, and the other end of the first installation support and the other end of the second installation support areused for being connected with the two sides of a brake caliper of the vehicle in a clamped mode respectively. The locking mechanism is detachably connected to the middle of the protective cover body and used for being connected with the middle of the brake caliper in a locked mode. The utility model further provides a vehicle which comprises the brake caliper protective cover. The brake caliper protective cover can be firmly connected to the brake caliper on the basis that the original structure of the brake caliper is not damaged.