The utility model relates to a lightning stroke positioning and monitoring device for a long-distance power transmission line OPGW, and the device consists of a near-end apparatus, a far-end apparatus, and a connected OPGW (Optical fiber composite overhead ground wire) optical cable. The near-end device is disposed at a transformer station A, and comprises a laser light source, an optical signal conditioner, an electric signal conditioner, a filter, a collection card, a power board, and an industrial control computer. The far-end apparatus is disposed at the transformer station B, and comprises an optical amplifier, an extended optical fiber, a power supply, and a case. The device provided by the utility model is disposed in a communication machine room of a transformer station, employs the OPGW optical fiber as a lightning stroke signal sensor. The device is used for signal processing after being connected, controls the data collection card to collect the lightning stroke fault data of a power transmission line higher than 200 km in real time, carries out analysis of the collected data, can extract the waveform of a lightning stroke wave, and can calculate the position of the lightning stroke of the power transmission line.