The utility model relates to a drying and calcining device for alkali aluminum silicate slurry, in particular to a calcining device dealing with fluid material in the manufacturing process of the aluminum oxide, which is characterized in that the drying and calcining device comprises a drying furnace, a calcining furnace, and a gas-solid separator, wherein, the drying furnace is arranged on the drying furnaces. The slurry drops which are atomized by the utility model contact with rising heated gas for drying, and then fall into the calcining furnace after getting dried and bigger, and the material in the calcining furnace is continuous to be calcined to be the finished product with better quality and higher specific weight from the bottom of the calcining furnace. By atomizing treatment, the slurry can have better contact with heated gas, which allows a rapid and efficient heat exchange but less heat loss. Though less calcining time is required, chemical reactions are completed and more energy can be obtained for every unit volume. The process features simple equipment, long-lasting service, and low maintenance cost. Powder material is fed and discharged in a closed loop with less environmental pollution.