The invention discloses a method for calibrating phase consistency between channels of an underwater detection array, and belongs to the technical field of acoustic testing of underwater detection arrays. The method solves the problems that when deviation exists in the phase consistency between the channels of an existing underwater detection array, the accuracy of an orientation estimation resultis poor, and the efficiency of calibrating the phase consistency between the channels of the multiple underwater arrays one by one is low. In a set underwater testing environment, the positions of sound sources are estimated through the GPS positions of the multiple detection arrays, and then phase consistency calibration error data between the detection channels at different frequency points ofthe detection arrays are solved through the positions of the sound sources; then the phase consistency between the channels of the multiple underwater detection arrays is calibrated through the phaseconsistency calibration error data. The method is suitable for calibrating the phase consistency between the channels of the multiple arrays at the same time.