The invention discloses a piezoelectric ceramic control device for an interferometer and a control method of the control device. Telescoping of a deflection motor in the XY direction drives a piezoelectric ceramic pedestal to make circumferential deflection with limited amplitude by taking the first fixed axis as the center in the XY plane, telescoping of the deflection motor in the XZ direction drives the a deflection pedestal in the XY direction to make circumferential deflection with limited amplitude by taking the second fixed axis as the center in the XZ plane, so that the angle deflection in pitching and horizontal deflection attitudes of the piezoelectric ceramics for the interferometer can be adjusted accurately electrically, the deflection adjustment precision is high, the deflection angle can reach +/-4 degree, and the total structure is compact and convenient to integrate. Attitude adjustment of interference fringes is realized by deflection of a reference mirror, the piezoelectric ceramics are fixed to the reference mirror, and thus, the piezoelectric ceramic control device for the interferometer can accurately electrically adjust the amplitude and deflection angle of the interference fringes.