The invention discloses an electric linear driven controllable connecting rod type excavator with the function of locking metamorphism. The electric linear driven controllable connecting rod type excavator is of the following feature structure: one end of an electric push rod is also connected with a rack; the other end of the electric push rod is connected with one end of a third connecting rod; the other end of the third connecting rod is connected with a first corner of a triangular connecting plate; a second corner of the triangular connecting plate is connected with one end of a fourth connecting rod; the other end of the fourth connecting rod is connected with a fifth connecting rod; one end of the fifth connecting rod is connected with a bucket rod; the other end of the fifth connecting rod is connected with one end of a sixth connecting rod; the other end of the sixth connecting rod is connected with a scraper bucket; one end of a seventh connecting rod is connected with the bucket rod; the other end of the seventh connecting rod is connected with one end of an eighth connecting rod; the other end of the eighth connecting rod is connected with an electromagnetic brake; the electromagnetic brake is installed on a large arm; one end of a ninth connecting rod is connected with the electromagnetic brake; and the other end of the ninth connecting rod is connected with a seventh rotation pair, the electric push rod and the third connecting rod simultaneously. According to the electric linear driven controllable connecting rod type excavator, with adoption of an electric driven controllable mechanism, a drive system composed of a servo motor can control an excavator working device and can realize flexible movement and programmable intelligent work.