The invention discloses a near-field magnetic localization method for a circular ring magnet. The method includes the steps that a magnetic field distribution integral model of the circular ring magnet is built in a magnet coordinate system OXYZ, and then the magnetic field distribution integral model of the circular ring magnet is used for obtaining the magnetic flux density vector generated by the circular ring magnet at the space point on the plane YOZ; the value of the magnetic flux density vector generated at any space point around the circular ring magnet in the magnet coordinate system OXYZ is calculated; a magnetic doublet magnetic flux density distribution model is used for calculating respective initial values of six pose parameters of the circular ring magnet in a word coordinate system; the magnet coordinate system OXYZ is built in the word coordinate system according to the initial values of six pose parameters of the circular ring magnet in the word coordinate system, and the respective final values of the six pose parameters of the circular ring magnet in the word coordinate system are obtained. The near-field magnetic localization method has the advantages that location precision is high during near-field magnetic localization, and calculation complexity of magnetic flux density is reduced.