The invention discloses a silicon dioxide particle composite material coated with polymeric ionic liquid, a preparation method of the composite material and application of the composite material in removal of carboxy methyl lysine in fermented soy sauce, and belongs to the technical field of food safety and quality. The silicon dioxide particle composite material coated with the polymeric ionic liquid is prepared from silicon dioxide particles, polyethylene nonylphenol ether and propyl alcohol through an emulsion polymerization method. The preparation method comprises the specific steps that the silicon dioxide particles, polyethylene nonylphenol ether, functionalized ionic liquid containing vinyl and propyl alcohol are mixed and ultrasonically dispersed; the materials are heated to 70 DEG C to 76 DEG C under nitrogen protection, and reacting under stirring is conducted for 24 hours to 48 hours; the materials are cooled to room temperature, centrifugal separation is conducted, the collected solid phase is the silicon dioxide particle composite material coated with the polymeric ionic liquid, and the composite material is used for removing carboxy methyl lysine in the fermented soy sauce. The method is easy and convenient to operate, low in cost, simple in treatment technology and high in removal efficiency.