The invention belongs to the technical field of design and manufacturing of traction equipment for coal mines and particularly relates to a traction rubber wheel type car of a four-wheeled steering rail tramcar. The traction rubber wheel type car of the four-wheeled steering rail tramcar is characterized by comprising a car body, a cab, a crane, a transmission system, an anti-explosion engine system, a hydraulic system, a traction device and an electric system, wherein the cab, the transmission system, the anti-explosion engine system, the hydraulic system and the electric system are integrated on the car body; and the crane and the traction device are arranged at the rear end of the car body. The traction rubber wheel type car has the functions of swinging compensation, bidirectional driving, four-wheeled steering, steering correction and hoisting. The large-gradient traction of the rail tramcar is realized, the traction efficiency is improved and the labor intensity of workers is alleviated.