The invention discloses a joint uplink and downlink load distribution method based on reinforced inter-cell interference coordination. Access of uplink and downlink nonsymmetric channels is considered, and the transmission rate of a user is improved. A UM-ABS protocol is disclosed, a traditional ABS protocol is redesigned. Downlink silence of a macro eNB in an almost blank subframe is changed into uplink transmission capable of configuring a micro-user, the utilization rate of the ABS is effectively increased, and system capacity is improved. A relaxation-integration algorithm is disclosed, so that the user can effectively have access to the micro eNB or a micro station. Meanwhile, a UM-ABS protocol is well configured, and time resources of uplink and downlink transmission are effectively distributed. The joint uplink and downlink load distribution method based on reinforced inter-cell interference coordination improves load balance of a system and capacity of the system, improves the transmission rate of the user, and enables performance of the whole system to be greatly improved.