The invention relates to a synthetic method of a multi-component anode material for a lithium ion battery. The synthetic method is characterized in that: the synthetic method comprises the following steps of: (1) calculating and weighing a nickel source compound, a cobalt source compound, a manganese source compound and a lithium source compound according to the atomic ratio of x, y and z in the chemical formula of a predetermined synthetic product, and initially mixing the raw materials by using a dual-helical conical mixer, wherein the chemical formula is Li1+zx-y-zO2, the x, the y and the z are more than or equal to 0 and less than 1 respectively, and the time for initially mixing the raw materials is 0.5-5 hours; (2) feeding the initially-mixed raw materials into a sealed gas tank by using a high-speed airflow, and obtaining sufficiently crushed, mixed and activated raw materials in a way that the raw materials are subjected to mutual collision and mutual friction inside the sealed gas tank, wherein the flow velocity of the high-speed airflow is 150-200 m/s; and (3) putting a precursor which is crushed and activated by the high-speed airflow into a high-temperature tunnel kiln, at the gas environment of air or oxygen, heating up to the temperature of 650-850 DEG C at a speed of 1-10 DEG C/min, carrying out heat preservation for 4-12 hours, cooling to room temperature by using the same speed, fast preparing the powder of the multi-component anode material, i.e. the Li1+zx-y-zO2, and obtaining the final synthetic product after the powder is pulverized and classified through an airflow.