The invention relates to a light path structure of a scanning and imaging spectrometer, comprising a scanning mirror (1), a diaphragm (2), a telescope objective (3), a collimator objective (5), a raster (6) and a focusing objective (7). The scanning mirror (1) is used for reflecting incident light from a target, the diaphragm (2) is used for selecting light in a certain FOV (Field Of View) to enter the spectrometer, the telescope objective (3) is used for focusing light passing through the diaphragm in a silt (4), the collimator objective (5) is used for reflecting light passing through the silt to the raster (6) which is used for splitting light, and the focusing objective (7) is used for focusing the split light on the photosurface of a detector (8) for spectroscopic imaging. Spectral data in a two-dimensional space can be acquired through the scanning of the scanning mirror (1) on spectral dimensions. The spectrometer adopts all-reflective type optical elements, and all the reflecting elements are respectively coated with a high-reflectivity film. The light path structure is structurally characterized in that the space is shared by a telescopic imaging light path and a spectroscopic imaging light path, an off-axis angle between the optical elements is reduced on a basis of keeping the original system size and the spectral resolution and the imaging resolution of the spectrometer are greatly improved.