The invention relates to an anti-disturbance time-frequency domain wave-front detection method, belongs to the field of optical measurement. The method comprises the following steps of: first, acquiring a sequence of interference patterns, and after subtracting a mean value of the sequence from a light intensity sequence of pixels at any same position in each interference pattern, performing fastFourier transform and performing broadband filtering frequency shift; then, performing the fast Fourier transform on an obtained frequency spectrum sequence; next, solving a logarithm of a result, and obtaining a phase statistical sequence of a time sequence after extracting and unwrapping an imaginary part of the result; later on, performing linear fitting on the obtained phase statistical sequence, and storing the first value of the sequence obtained after fitting in a matrix, and taking the first value as a computation value of an initial phase of a pixel; and finally, repeating the operations, after storing all computation values of the initial phases of other pixels in the matrix, and reestablishing the distribution of wave-front initial phase through airspace unwrapping. The method of the invention is simple and convenient, easy to implement, and free from the influence of environmental vibration, and has a very good anti-disturbance effect.