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公开(公告)号：US11852763B2
公开(公告)日：2023-12-26
申请号：US17476850
申请日：2021-09-16
申请人： SERCEL, INC.
发明人： Joshua M. Ronen
CPC分类号： G01V1/137 , G01V1/387 , G01V1/3843
摘要： An air gun for generating seismic waves in a marine environment includes a cylindrical body configured to hold compressed air and having plural air ports for releasing the compressed air from inside the cylindrical body, the cylindrical body extending along a longitudinal axis X, and an extension member attached externally to the body and extending along a radial axis R, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X. The extension member promotes ambient water flowing inside an air bubble generated when the compressed air is released outside the body.
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公开(公告)号：US20180067222A1
公开(公告)日：2018-03-08
申请号：US15560015
申请日：2016-03-29
申请人： Fugro N.V.
CPC分类号： G01V1/3861 , G01V1/3808 , G01V1/387 , G01V2210/56
摘要： A marine seismic data acquisition system, comprising: a seismic source arrangement comprising: a first seismic source adapted to be towed at a first predetermined depth and a second seismic source adapted to be towed at a second predetermined depth, which is deeper than the first predetermined depth, wherein, in use, the first seismic source transmits pulses, each pulse comprising an upwardly-travelling pressure wavefield, which is reflected at the sea/air interface to become a downwardly-travelling ghost pressure wavefield, and a downwardly-travelling primary pressure wavefield, and the second seismic source transmits pulses, each pulse comprising an upwardly-travelling pressure wavefield, which is reflected at the sea/air interface to become a downwardly-travelling ghost pressure wavefield, and a downwardly-travelling primary pressure wavefield, and wherein the first predetermined depth and the magnitude of the peak pressure of the upwardly-travelling pressure wavefield produced by the first seismic source are selected to create an anelastic region at the sea surface having a reflection coefficient of between −0.45 and 0, the system further comprising a receiver for receiving the pulses transmitted from the seismic source arrangement and for extracting data from within a predetermined frequency band of interest.
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公开(公告)号：US4246979A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-27
申请号：US27198
申请日：1979-04-05
申请人： John T. Thomson , Roy C. Johnston
发明人： John T. Thomson , Roy C. Johnston
摘要： Disclosed is a seismic source device, known in the industry as an air gun, having internal sleeve and shuttle control for allowing a predetermined discharge of compressed air into water for purposes of seismic exploration. The shuttle engages an internal sleeve having ports that momentarily align with exhaust ports and then moves past, sealing off the exhaust ports before all of the compressed air in the firing chamber of the air gun is exhausted. By preventing further discharge of air with little or no loss in acoustic output, pulses are greatly reduced, thereby enhancing the operation of the entire system. Further by preventing all the air in the firing chamber from being discharged, the system becomes more efficient and more cost effective.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种在工业上称为气枪的震源设备，其具有内部套筒和梭子控制，用于允许将预定的压缩空气排放到水中以用于地震勘探。 梭子接合内部套筒，内部套筒具有与排气口瞬间对准的端口，然后移动过去，在气枪的燃烧室中的所有压缩空气全部耗尽之前密封排气口。 通过防止声输出几乎没有或没有损失的空气的进一步排放，脉冲大大减少，从而增强整个系统的操作。 此外，通过防止燃烧室中的所有空气排出，系统变得更有效并且更具成本效益。
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公开(公告)号：US3744018A
公开(公告)日：1973-07-03
申请号：US3744018D
申请日：1971-12-22
申请人： SOUTHWEST RES INST
发明人： WOOD C
摘要： The improvement in the method and apparatus of producing a seismic source in water by a combustive explosion by reducing the oscillation of the explosive exhaust gas bubble in the water thereby reducing extraneous seismic impulses. Injecting an air/fuel mixture of less than the stoichiometric quantity into the chamber to provide an excess of air, and after the mixture has been exploded and released into the water, injecting additional fuel into the free air in the exhaust gases which provides additional combustion to increase the pressure in the exhaust gases to dampen the oscillation of the pressure in the gases. Injecting additional fuel into the hot exhaust gases and excess air for maintaining the exhaust gas bubble pressure at or above the water pressure surrounding the exhaust gases.
摘要翻译： 通过减少水中爆炸性废气泡的振荡，通过燃烧爆炸在水中产生地震源的方法和装置的改进，从而减少了外来的地震脉冲。 将小于化学计量的空气/燃料混合物注入室中以提供过量的空气，并且在混合物已经分解并释放到水中之后，向排气中的空气中注入额外的燃料，从而提供额外的燃烧 以增加废气中的压力以抑制气体中的压力的振荡。 将额外的燃料注入热废气和过量的空气中，以将排气气泡压力保持在废气周围的水压以上。
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公开(公告)号：US3724590A
公开(公告)日：1973-04-03
申请号：US3724590D
申请日：1971-05-10
申请人： KNUDSEN W
发明人： KNUDSEN W
CPC分类号： G01V1/387
摘要： The acoustic wave associated with an underwater gas bubble pulse is optimized by permitting the gas bubble to expand as freely as possible during its initial expansion. After the initial expansion, or primary pulsation, the energy of the oscillatory system in the form potential energy is prevented from being transformed into the kinetic energy of water rushing in to fill a collapsing cavity. The potential energy of the oscillatory system is dissipated gradually to permit the device used to be made ready for the generation of a subsequent gas bubble. The method of the present invention is embodied, for example, in a structure having a surface which is covered with strips of a flexible material whose acoustic properties are close to the acoustic properties of water, e.g. a material for which rho-c, the product of the density of the material times the speed at which sound travels in the material, is close to the rho-c of water. The material is attached to the structure at selected points on the surface thereof. When a gas bubble is generated as a result of the creation of an acoustic wave, the acoustic wave is transmitted through the material and into the surrounding water without significant reflection or alteration. As the bubble expands, the water forced ahead of the expanding bubble is allowed to flow through the structure by the flexing of the covering material at the locations at which the material is not attached to the mesh structure. When the gas bubble has reached its maximum radius and the water surrounding the perimeter of the bubble begins to rush in to fill the cavity of the bubble, the covering material which has flexed to allow the water to flow out of the structure is forced into place around the exterior of the structure by the pressure of the water filling the bubble cavity. The covering material prevents water from rapidly filling the cavity so that the oscillation of the bubble is essentially stopped. The surface of the material may contain perforations to permit water to gradually return into the cavity to provide a reasonably short recycling period of the acoustic wave generation device.
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公开(公告)号：US3653460A
公开(公告)日：1972-04-04
申请号：US3653460D
申请日：1969-11-14
申请人： BOLT ASSOCIATES INC
发明人： CHELMINSKI STEPHEN V
摘要： Seismic energy wave-shape control apparatus and method in which the waveshape of the acoustical waves generated in the water by the use of submerged airgun seismic sources can be controlled and selected by the survey crew to provide the waveshape which is most desirable for use under the conditions being encountered as the survey is being carried out. The pressurized gas holding charge container is provided with a plurality of chambers such that an initial abrupt flow of pressurized gas as shown at 50 in FIG. 2 occurs from a primary chamber and passes out through the discharge ports into the surrounding water with explosive-like abruptness. Delayed after-flow of pressurized gas as shown at 52 in FIG. 2 then occurs from a secondary chamber for reducing the relative magnitude and changing the waveform of the second pressure peak P2. The relative volumes of the primary and secondary chambers are conveniently changeable by detaching the casing and shifting the position of a removable barrier, thus obtaining differing waveshapes as seen by comparing FIGS. 6; 7, and 8 with FIG. 5. If desired a tertiary chamber may be utilized to provide further changes in the waveshape.
摘要翻译： 地震能量波形控制装置和方法，其中通过使用淹没气枪震源在水中产生的声波的波形可以由检验人员进行控制和选择，以提供最适合在以下情况下使用的波形 正在进行调查时遇到的情况。 加压气体保持充电容器设置有多个室，使得如图1中的50所示的加压气体的初始突然流动。 2从主室发生，并通过排放口流入周围的水中，具有爆炸性的突然性。 加压气体的延迟后流，如图5中的52所示。 2然后从次级室发生，用于减小相对量值并改变第二压力峰值P2的波形。 初级和次级室的相对体积可以通过拆卸壳体和移动可移除的屏障的位置而方便地改变，从而获得不同的波形，如通过比较图1和2所看到的。 6; 如图7和图8所示。 如果需要，可以利用三级室来进一步改变波形。
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7.发明授权System for suppressing multiple pulse in marine seismic sources by injection of additional air 失效通过注射附加空气来抑制海洋地震源中的多个脉冲的系统
公开(公告)号：US3601216A
公开(公告)日：1971-08-24
申请号：US3601216D
申请日：1967-10-23
申请人： MANDREL INDUSTRIES
发明人： MOTT-SMITH LEWIS M
摘要： Apparatus and method for suppressing the initial and subsequent contractions of an air bubble used to generate a seismic signal, wherein the preferred embodiment a source of suppressor air is located immediately adjacent to the air valve source which creates the bubble, whereby the source of suppressor air is located within the expanded bubble when it approaches its largest diameter to allow the sudden and rapid release of suppressor air into the bubble to retard the contraction of the bubble. In a second embodiment, the air valve source itself defines the source of suppressor air.
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公开(公告)号：US5572486A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US367314
申请日：1995-04-13
申请人： Martin Landro , Jan Langhammer
发明人： Martin Landro , Jan Langhammer
CPC分类号： G01V1/387
摘要： Seismic airgun arrangement for attenuating unwanted oscillations in the emitted signal. The airgun has one or more outlet ports (9) for exhausting air in a generally radial direction from a central axis of the airgun (10), and a perforated screen (20) of plate material is provided around the airgun for the attenuation mentioned. The volume generally delimited within the screen (20) is significantly smaller than the maximum bubble size which is normally generated by the airgun (10). The screen (20) has an open side or end (20A) at a part of the screen that is adapted to face at least partially downward in the normal operative position of the airgun (10). At least edge portions of the screen along the open side or end (20A) are located substantially directed opposite the outlet port or ports (9).
摘要翻译： 用于衰减发射信号中不希望有的振荡的地震气枪装置。 气枪具有一个或多个出口端口（9），用于从空气枪（10）的中心轴线沿大致径向的方向排出空气，并且为了所述的衰减，在气枪周围设置板材的穿孔筛（20）。 通常在屏幕（20）内界定的体积明显小于气枪（10）通常产生的最大气泡尺寸。 屏幕（20）在屏幕的一部分处具有开口侧或端部（20A），其适于在气枪（10）的正常操作位置中至少部分地向下。 沿着开口侧或端部（20A）的屏幕的至少边缘部分大致指向与出口端口（9）相对的方向。
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公开(公告)号：US5144596A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-01
申请号：US682603
申请日：1991-04-09
申请人： Adrien P. Pascouet
发明人： Adrien P. Pascouet
摘要： A compact, marine acoustical source is disclosed. More specifically, the present invention relates to a marine acoustical source capable of producing a strong primary pulse while substantially suppressing or eliminating undesired secondary pulses derivative from said primary pulse.
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