公开(公告)号：US4572707A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-25

申请号：US638465

申请日：1984-07-24

申请人： Ivar K. Sagefors

发明人： Ivar K. Sagefors

IPC分类号： E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02 ,  E21F16/00 ,  E21F17/16 ,  B65G5/00

CPC分类号： E21D13/00 ,  E21F16/00 ,  E21F17/16

摘要： The present invention relates to a method in the excavation of rock caverns, substantially cylindrical vertical caverns, for storing liquids or dry products, or for use in storing process units, in which method an upper and a lower circumferentially extending cavern (4, 11) is formed, the caverns (4, 11) having an outer diameter which is greater than the diameter of the ultimate rock cavern (1); in which the caverns (4, 11) are connected together by means of vertical holes (12) drilled in the region immediately outside the ultimate rock cavern (1), these vertical holes (12) serving to drain water from the aforementioned region, for the purpose of minimizing the extent to which water can penetrate the rock cavern (1). (FIG. 1).

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE84 / 00001 Sec。 371日期1984年7月24日 102（e）日期1984年7月24日PCT提交1984年1月9日PCT公布。 公开号WO84 / 02741 日期：1984年7月19日。本发明涉及一种开挖岩洞，基本圆柱形垂直洞穴，用于储存液体或干燥产品的方法，或用于存储处理单元的方法，其中上下方向 形成延伸的洞穴（4,11），所述洞穴（4,11）的外径大于最终岩洞（1）的直径; 其中通过垂直孔（12）将洞穴（4,11）连接在一起，所述垂直孔（12）在最终岩洞（1）的紧邻外部的区域钻出，这些垂直孔（12）用于从上述区域排出水，用于 最小化水可以穿透岩洞（1）的程度的目的。 （图。1）。

公开(公告)号：US4363563A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-14

申请号：US13423

申请日：1979-02-21

申请人： Tore J. Hallenius ,  Karl I. Sagefors

发明人： Tore J. Hallenius ,  Karl I. Sagefors

IPC分类号： B65D88/76 ,  B65G5/00 ,  E21D13/02

CPC分类号： B65G5/00

摘要： A system for the underground storage of fluids, e.g. petroleum products in rock. The system comprises a plurality of cavities excavated in the rock. Each of said cavities has a cylindrical shape with a circular or oval cross-section. Each cavity forms a storage space the walls of which are formed by the rock and directly absorb the pressure of the fluid stored in the cavity. The cavities are arranged with their center axes standing vertically, and the vertical height of each cavity is greater than or equal to the diameter of its cross-section. The distance from each cavity to adjacent cavities is equal to or greater than the diameter of the cross-section of the cavity, and the centers of the cross-sections of the cavities as seen in a horizontal cross-section of the whole system are positioned in a two-dimensional pattern.

摘要翻译： 用于地下储存液体的系统，例如， 石油产品在岩石。 该系统包括在岩石中挖掘的多个空腔。 每个所述空腔具有圆形或椭圆形横截面的圆柱形形状。 每个空腔形成储存空间，其壁由岩石形成，并直接吸收存储在空腔中的流体的压力。 空腔的中心轴垂直放置，每个空腔的垂直高度大于或等于其横截面的直径。 从每个空腔到相邻空腔的距离等于或大于空腔的横截面的直径，并且在整个系统的水平横截面中看到的空腔的横截面的中心被定位 以二维模式。

公开(公告)号：US5118220A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

申请号：US465251

申请日：1990-08-08

申请人： Kihachior Furumi ,  Joji Nakamura

发明人： Kihachior Furumi ,  Joji Nakamura

IPC分类号： E21D9/00 ,  E21D9/06 ,  E21D9/08 ,  E21D9/087 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02

CPC分类号： E21D9/001 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D9/008 ,  E21D9/0671 ,  E21D9/087 ,  E21D9/0873

摘要： A method of forming an underground cavern aiming at forming an underground cavern of a large scale at a very deep place in soft ground and soft rock layers safely and economically, and a tunneling machine suitable for use in carrying out the method. This method of forming an underground cavern consists of the steps of forming a ground reinforcing zone around a portion intended to be hollowed out before froming an underground cavern to be built, and then excavating the inside surrounded by the ground reinforcing zone. Further, the above-mentioned tunneling machine comprises a ring-shaped body having a first ring, a second ring, and a third ring; a boring device mounted between the second ring and propelling jacks for boring a plurality of holes extending radially from the inner surface of the tunnel into the ground; and a reinforcing material filling device mounted also between the second ring and the propelling jacks for filling a reinforcing material and a grout into each of the holes.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP89 / 00602 Sec。 371日期1990年8月8日第 102（e）日期1990年8月8日PCT提交1989年6月15日PCT公布。 出版物WO89 / 日期：1989年12月28日。一种形成地下洞穴的方法，其目的是安全，经济地在软地层和软岩层中的非常深的地方形成大规模的地下洞穴，以及适用于执行的隧道机 方法。 这种形成地下洞穴的方法包括以下步骤：在要从建筑的地下洞穴开始之前，在要被挖空的部分周围形成地面加固区域，然后挖掘由地面加固区域包围的内部。 此外，上述隧道掘进机包括具有第一环，第二环和第三环的环形主体; 安装在第二环和推进千斤顶之间的钻孔装置，用于钻出从隧道的内表面径向延伸到地面中的多个孔; 以及还安装在第二环和推进千斤顶之间的加强材料填充装置，用于将增强材料和灌浆填充到每个孔中。

公开(公告)号：US5104259A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-14

申请号：US621984

申请日：1990-12-04

申请人： Kurt Svensson

发明人： Kurt Svensson

IPC分类号： E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02

CPC分类号： E21D13/00

摘要： The present invention relates to a method for excavating and preparation of rock cavities and then substantially spherical rock cavities or rock cavities having spherically shaped parts, such as dome-shaped ceilings, which rock cavities are intended as shelter, for the storage of solid or liquid products or for production plants in rock, whereby one drills a first series of radially outwardly extending holes (6) from a first distance (4) from one or more shafts/tunnels (3, 13, 14, 15, 16), preferably radially arranged from the center of a sphere projected; that one drills a second series of radially outwardly extending holes (8) from a second, far more out arranged distance (7) from the center, which holes (8) extend outside the holes of the first series; that one drills a third series of radially outwardly extending holes (10) from a third, further far more out arranged distance (9) from the center, which holes (10) extend outside the holes (8) of the second series; that optionally further series of holes (12) are drilled from further far out situated distances ( 11) extending radially outwardly up to the boundaries of the cavity (1); that the first series of holes (6) are charged in their whole lengths; that each further series of holes (8, 10, 12) are charged in that part which lies outside a charging area of a previous series of holes (6, 8, 10) up to the touching point of a next series of holes (10, 12), whereby the charges will take consecutive annular charging areas, which cover the shape of the spherical cavity projected, and that blasting takes place of each annular area per se starting from outside in, or vice verse.

公开(公告)号：US4708523A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-24

申请号：US871398

申请日：1986-05-16

申请人： Karl I. Sagefors ,  Per G. Persson

发明人： Karl I. Sagefors ,  Per G. Persson

IPC分类号： B65G5/00 ,  E04H7/00 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02 ,  B63G5/00

CPC分类号： E21D13/00

摘要： A rock cavity for storing fluids, solid products for some other purpose, such as the protected manufacture or production of goods, comprising a substantially vertical, cylindrical rock cavity comprising a conical top section (14), and a conical or horizontal bottom section (15) and a vertical section (1) extending therebetween and presenting in cross-section a polygonal shape, wherewith vertical shafts (11) are located in at least half the corners of the polygon.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE85 / 00357 Sec。 371日期：1986年5月16日 102（e）日期1986年5月16日PCT提交1985年9月18日PCT公布。 出版物WO86 / 01854 1986年3月27日。用于储存流体的岩腔，用于其它目的的固体产品，例如受保护的制造或生产的物品，其包括基本垂直的圆柱形岩腔，包括锥形顶部部分（14）和 圆锥形或水平底部部分（15）和在其间延伸并呈横截面形成多边形的垂直部分（1），垂直轴（11）位于多边形的至少一半角。

公开(公告)号：US4603910A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-05

申请号：US591683

申请日：1984-03-21

申请人： Per Laneus

发明人： Per Laneus

IPC分类号： E21C41/16 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02

CPC分类号： E21C41/16 ,  E21D13/00

摘要： The method is especially useful for producing rock caverns for the storage of liquids such as water and oil. The method includes intersection blasting in accordance with the sublevel stopping method for at least one drift near the bottom of the intended rock cavern to produce at least one upwardly widening part section of the cavern. The cavern is then formed to its final cross-section by excavating rock above the part section through successive drilling and blasting of rock layers. The last-mentioned drilling is fan-shaped downwardly directed drilling to obtain an essentially lentiform cross-section of the cavern above the part section.

摘要翻译： 该方法特别适用于生产用于储存诸如水和油的液体的岩洞。 该方法包括根据用于在预期岩洞底部附近的至少一个漂移的亚级停止方法的交叉爆破，以产生洞穴的至少一个向上加宽的部分部分。 然后通过对岩层进行连续的钻孔和喷砂，将洞穴形成为其最终横截面，通过在部件截面上方挖掘岩石。 最后提到的钻孔是扇形向下定向的钻孔，以获得部分部分上方的洞穴的基本上扁平的横截面。

公开(公告)号：US3996751A

公开(公告)日：1976-12-14

申请号：US474221

申请日：1974-05-29

申请人： Tore Jerker Hallenius ,  Karl Ivar Sagefors

发明人： Tore Jerker Hallenius ,  Karl Ivar Sagefors

IPC分类号： E02D5/18 ,  E02D29/045 ,  E21D9/00 ,  E21D9/04 ,  E21D11/00 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02 ,  F42D3/04 ,  G21C13/00 ,  E01G1/00

CPC分类号： E21D13/00

摘要： Before the rock cavity is completely excavated a plurality of arcuated tunnels extending between the top and bottom levels of the intended rock cavity are cut out in the rock outside the future side walls of the cavity, and these tunnels are filled with reinforcing material, preferably concrete, so as to form a rib-like reinforcement structure which is wholly embedded in the rock surrounding the rock cavity.

摘要翻译： 在岩体完全挖掘之前，在预期岩石腔的顶部和底部水平面之间延伸的多个弧形隧道在空腔的未来侧壁外部的岩石中被切割，并且这些隧道被填充有增强材料，优选混凝土 ，以便形成完全嵌入围绕岩腔的岩石中的肋状加强结构。

公开(公告)号：US20050004416A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-06

申请号：US10494648

申请日：2002-11-08

申请人： Kazuo Okutsu ,  Hisashi Takamura ,  Koji Hane ,  Nobuyuki Matsui ,  Yasuyuki Hayakawa ,  Mitsuaki Furuichi

发明人： Kazuo Okutsu ,  Hisashi Takamura ,  Koji Hane ,  Nobuyuki Matsui ,  Yasuyuki Hayakawa ,  Mitsuaki Furuichi

IPC分类号： E21D13/02 ,  B09B1/00 ,  B65G51/04 ,  E21D1/00 ,  E21D9/13 ,  E21F13/04 ,  E21F17/16 ,  G21F9/34 ,  G21F9/36 ,  A62D3/00

CPC分类号： G21F9/36 ,  E21D1/00 ,  E21D9/13 ,  E21F17/16 ,  G21F9/34

摘要： A method of constructing underground galleries using a pneumatic transfer system and a stratum disposal method are provided, wherein in constructing a disposal gallery of a stratum disposal site and tunnels such as mountain tunnels or in performing stratum disposal of waste matter, the carrying-out of excavation chips or the like, the carrying-in of materials and equipment or the like and the carrying-in and positioning of waste matter may be effected safely, quickly and reliably at low cost, and the buffer material quality for waste matter may be secured. In construction, an air carrying pipeline (10) is used while extending the air carrying pipeline (10) downward as desired during excavation of a vertical shaft (2) so as to carry out vertical shaft excavation chips (a) to the ground and carry in materials and equipment including vertical shaft spray concrete (b) to the underground site. Alternatively, the vertical shaft itself is used as the air carrying pipeline (10), and by using the air carrying pipeline (10) extending from the vertical shaft (2a) to an underground gallery (3), excavation chips (a) from the underground gallery (3) are carried out to the ground and materials and equipment for the underground gallery are carried in to the underground site. In operation, the air carrying pipeline (10) is used to carry in a carrying container (11) with the waste matter (A) and a buffer material (13) integrated together and stored therein, to the underground site, and the integrated waste matter (A) and buffer material (B) are positioned and buried in a disposal hole (7).

摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用气动输送系统和地层处理方法构建地下画廊的方法，其中在构建地层处置场地的处置库和诸如山隧道的隧道或执行废物处理的地下处置方法中， 挖掘切屑等，可以以低成本安全，快速，可靠地实现材料和设备等的引入以及废物的进入和定位，并且可以确保废物的缓冲材料质量 。 在施工中，在垂直轴（2）的挖掘期间，使用空气输送管道（10），同时沿着空气输送管道（10）向下延伸，以便将垂直轴挖掘切屑（a）运送到地面并携带 在材料和设备中包括垂直轴喷雾混凝土（b）到地下现场。 或者，垂直轴本身用作空气输送管道（10），并且通过使用从竖直轴（2a）延伸到地下廊（3）的空气输送管道（10），从 地下画廊（3）进行地下，地下画廊的材料和设备运到地下。 在运行中，空气运输管道（10）用于携带携带容器（11），废物（A）和缓冲材料（13）集成在一起并存储在地下，并将综合废物 物质（A）和缓冲材料（B）被定位并埋在处置孔（7）中。

公开(公告)号：US5855452A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-05

申请号：US719007

申请日：1996-09-24

申请人： Karl Ivar Sagefors

发明人： Karl Ivar Sagefors

IPC分类号： E02D29/045 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02 ,  E02D29/00

CPC分类号： E21D13/00

摘要： In a method for excavating rock cavities in the form of substantially cylindrical, vertical or low placed rock cavities for the storage of gas, fluid, solid products or for another purpose, one first, from a transport tunnel (2), excavates an upper circular room (3). From this circular room (3), one excavates the roof shape of the rock cavity (1) to be; and then, from a second transport tunnel (7) excavates a second annular tunnel (5) from a middle level in the rock cavity (1) to be. From the second transport tunnel (7), one also excavates a lower circular room (8) situated on a level which is substantially at the level where the lowest level of the rock cavity (1) to be, is. At this lowest level one excavates a third annular tunnel (13); between the circular room (8) and the third annular tunnel (13) provides tap holes (9). From the second annular tunnel (5), stopping is carried out in a substantially annular vertical or inclined zone from the middle level to the lowest level and removes blasted rock mass through the tap holes (9). One then separates a substantially conical roof volume (10) above the annular room (8) whereafter, finally, a remaining, central, substantially cylindrical rock pillar (14), substantially placed above the annular room (8), is blasted completely or partly at one or more events and rock mass obtained is removed via the tap holes (9).

摘要翻译： 在用于开采用于储存气体，流体，固体产品或用于另一目的的大致圆柱形，垂直或低放置的岩石腔形式的岩石腔的方法中，首先从运输隧道（2）挖掘上部圆形 房间（3）。 从这个圆形房间（3），一个挖掘岩腔（1）的屋顶形状; 然后从第二输送隧道（7）从岩腔（1）中的中间层挖出第二环形隧道（5）。 从第二运输隧道（7）还可以挖出位于水平面上的下部圆形房间（8），该水平面基本上处于要成为岩层（1）的最低水平的水平面上。 在这个最低层，挖掘第三个环形隧道（13）; 在圆形室（8）和第三环形通道（13）之间提供抽头孔（9）。 从第二环形通道（5）开始，在从中间水平到最低水平的大致环形的垂直或倾斜区域中进行停止，并且通过排水孔（9）去除爆破的岩体。 然后，将环形室（8）上方的基本上圆锥形的屋顶容积（10）分离开，然后，最后，基本上放置在环形室（8）上方的剩余的中心的基本圆柱形的岩石柱（14）被完全地或部分地喷射 在一个或多个事件中，获得的岩体通过排水孔（9）被去除。

公开(公告)号：US4474506A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-02

申请号：US491323

申请日：1983-04-07

申请人： Ivar K. Sagefors

发明人： Ivar K. Sagefors

IPC分类号： B65G5/00 ,  E21C41/16 ,  E21D20060101 ,  E21D13/00 ,  E21D13/02 ,  E21F17/16

CPC分类号： E21F17/16 ,  B65G5/00 ,  E21D13/00

摘要： Method for constructing a liquid-product storage location in rock formations, said location comprising a first cavity, and a plurality of second cavities located outside the first cavity. In accordance with this method there is first formed a tunnel (7) which slopes from the surface of the ground down to a given point in the rock formation. There is then blasted from said given point a second sloping tunnel (22) which meanders in the ultimate storage location in a plurality of turns down to the level of the bottom (11) of the ultimate first cavity. Horizontal primary tunnels (T1-T6) are then blasted from the meandering tunnel at a plurality of levels. From the primary tunnels there is then blasted at all the aforementioned levels a plurality of horizontal, secondary tunnels which extend towards the site of the ultimate first cavity (1) and define a number of rock stopes (P1-P6), whereafter the first cavity is formed by blasting, in a manner to extend along or to the level of the lowermost parts of the ultimate second cavities (2). Subsequent hereto, there is optionally blasted one or more sloping tunnels, which are directed towards the center of the lowermost part of the first cavity. Subsequent hereto the second cavities are formed by blasting away those rock stopes (P1-P4) located between superimposed secondary tunnels, beginning with the lowermost stope and continuing upwardly in sequence with remaining stopes, the shot rock-mass (16) falling downwardly, optionally through the slide tunnels, being transported to ground level.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE82 / 00247 Sec。 371日期：1983年4月7日 102（e）日期1983年4月7日PCT申请日1982年7月19日PCT公布。 公开号WO83 / 00526 日期：1983年2月17日。用于在岩层中构造液体产品储存位置的方法，所述位置包括第一腔和位于第一腔外部的多个第二腔。 根据这种方法，首先形成一个隧道（7），其从地面的表面向下倾斜到岩层中的给定点。 然后从所述给定点喷出第二倾斜隧道（22），所述第二倾斜隧道以最终第一空腔的底部（11）的多个匝数在最终存储位置中蜿蜒。 然后，水平主隧道（T1-T6）以蜿蜒的隧道以多个等级进行喷砂处理。 然后从主要隧道，在所有上述水平面上喷射多个水平的次级隧道，其向最终的第一空腔（1）的位置延伸并且限定许多岩石挡块（P1-P6），此后第一腔 通过以最终第二空腔（2）的最下部分的水平方向延伸的方式通过喷砂形成。 随后，可选地喷出一个或多个倾斜的隧道，其被引导到第一腔的最下部分的中心。 随后通过喷射位于重叠的次级隧道之间的那些岩石挡块（P1-P4），从最下面的停止点开始并依次向上依次向上延伸，形成第二个空腔，剩下的停止点，喷射岩体（16）向下落下，任选地 通过滑道，被运送到地面。