公开(公告)号：US4007055A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-08

申请号：US575994

申请日：1975-05-09

申请人： M. Stanley Whittingham

发明人： M. Stanley Whittingham

IPC分类号： C01G23/00 ,  H01M4/58 ,  H01M4/36

CPC分类号： H01M10/05 ,  C01G23/007 ,  H01M4/581 ,  Y10S505/81 ,  Y10S505/815 ,  Y10S505/824

摘要： Stoichiometric titanium disulfide having a high degree of crystalline perfection and particularly suited for use as an active cathode material is prepared by heating particulate metallic titanium to a reaction temperature between about 475.degree. and 600.degree. C., contacting the heated titanium with an atmosphere having a sulfur partial pressure substantially equal to the equilibrium sulfur partial pressure at the reaction temperature to form titanium disulfide, and maintaining the reactants at the reaction temperature sufficiently to insure complete reaction. The reaction is advantageously conducted in an evacuated tube which is differentially heated to establish a hot zone where the reaction occurs and a cooler zone which controls the sulfur partial pressure within the tube so that the rate of reaction can in turn be controlled to minimize overheating, and also prevents the formation of titanium trisulfide.

摘要翻译： 通过将颗粒状金属钛加热至约475℃至600℃的反应温度，将加热的钛与具有下列物质的气氛接触来制备具有高度结晶完全性并且特别适合用作活性阴极材料的化学计量二硫化钛 硫分压基本上等于在反应温度下的平衡硫分压，以形成二硫化钛，并将反应物保持在反应温度足以确保完全反应。 该反应有利地在被真空管中进行，其被差分加热以建立反应发生的热区，以及控制管内的硫分压的冷却区，从而可以控制反应速率以最小化过热， 并且还防止形成三硫化钛。

公开(公告)号：US4237201A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-02

申请号：US8724

申请日：1979-02-02

申请人： Jean Rouxel ,  Luc Trichet

发明人： Jean Rouxel ,  Luc Trichet

IPC分类号： H01M6/20 ,  C01B17/20 ,  C01B19/04 ,  H01M6/18 ,  H01M10/39

CPC分类号： H01M6/18 ,  Y10S505/81 ,  Y10S505/824

摘要： Novel compounds or compositions are provided capable of serving as solid electrolytes involving intercalated dichalcogenides having a combination of a tetravalent metal ion with a metal ion of lower oxidation state and a compensating amount of alkali metal ions to provide a substantially electrically neutral structure. The compositions have the formula:A.sub.x M.sub.x T.sub.1-x X.sub.2where A is an alkali metal ion, M is a metal ion of lower valence state than T, T is a metal capable of forming a stable substantially electrically non-conductive intercalatable chalcogenide and X is a chalogen. Also included are batteries employing the subject compositions as the solid electrolyte.

摘要翻译： 提供了能够用作固体电解质的新型化合物或组合物，其涉及具有四价金属离子与较低氧化态的金属离子和补偿量的碱金属离子的组合的插层二硫属化物，以提供基本上电中性的结构。 所述组合物具有下式：AxMxT1-xX2其中A是碱金属离子，M是低于T的低价态金属离子，T是能够形成稳定的基本上不导电的可插入硫族化合物的金属，X是一种chalogen 。 还包括使用主题组合物作为固体电解质的电池。

公开(公告)号：US4233377A

公开(公告)日：1980-11-11

申请号：US922199

申请日：1978-07-06

申请人： Rudolph R. Haering ,  James A. R. Stiles

发明人： Rudolph R. Haering ,  James A. R. Stiles

IPC分类号： H01M4/58 ,  H01M6/16

CPC分类号： H01M6/16 ,  H01M4/581 ,  Y10S505/824

摘要： A battery having a layered transition metal dichalcogenide cathode in which has been incorporated by intercalation a relatively small amount of a dopant material having a relatively large atomic or ionic size so as to spread apart adjacent molecular layers in the cathode material and permit more rapid intercalation of cations during the battery discharge, an anode, and an electrolyte which will permit the migration of cations from the anode to the cathode. The preferred dopants are sodium or potassium and the invention is chiefly applicable to a battery having a molybdenum disulphide cathode.

摘要翻译： 具有层状过渡金属二硫属化物阴极的电池通过插入而并入相当少量的具有相对较大的原子或离子尺寸的掺杂剂材料，以便分散在阴极材料中的相邻分子层并允许更快速地嵌入 在电池放电期间的阳离子，阳极和电解质，其将允许阳离子从阳极迁移到阴极。 优选的掺杂剂是钠或钾，本发明主要适用于具有二硫化钼阴极的电池。

公开(公告)号：US4299892A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-10

申请号：US172971

申请日：1980-07-28

申请人： Martin B. Dines ,  Russell R. Chianelli

发明人： Martin B. Dines ,  Russell R. Chianelli

IPC分类号： C01B19/00 ,  C01G1/12 ,  C01G23/00 ,  C01G31/00 ,  H01M4/58 ,  H01M6/16 ,  H01M6/14 ,  H01M4/60 ,  H01M6/04

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C01B19/007 ,  C01G1/12 ,  C01G23/007 ,  C01G31/00 ,  H01M4/58 ,  H01M6/16 ,  C01P2002/02 ,  C01P2002/22 ,  C01P2002/60 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/82 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/80 ,  H01M6/164 ,  H01M6/166 ,  Y10S505/801 ,  Y10S505/824

摘要： Dichalcogenides of Group IVb, Vb, molybdenum and tungsten of two new forms have been discovered. The two new forms are the amorphous and layered-sheet configurations. In particular, the dichalcogenides of Group IVb, Ib, molybdenum and tungsten, i.e. Z(MX.sub.2).sub.n wherein M is the metal and X is the chalcogen, n is at least about 20,000 and Z is the number of such (MX.sub.2).sub.n sheets ranging from 1-10, can be described as possessing a "rag-like" structure representing a system consisting of single or several stacked but randomly folded and disordered layers or sheets having dimensions (as determined by TEM) corresponding to about 6.2 to 62 A in thickness, about 500 A minimum length by about 500 A minimum width. Broadly the rag-like (MX.sub.2).sub.n can be likened to a stack of polymer sheets wherein each sheet is one atom thick. These sheets of (MX.sub.2).sub.n are prepared by the controlled heating (in a flowing stream of H.sub.2 /H.sub.2 S) of amorphous MX.sub.2 obtained by the monaqueous low temperature precipitation of MX.sub.2 from mixtures of the metal salt and sources of sulfur, selenium or tellurium.

摘要翻译： 已经发现了两种新形式的IVb族，Vb族，钼族和钨族的二硫属化合物。 两种新形式是无定形和层状结构。 特别地，组IVb，Ib，钼和钨的二硫属元素，即Z（MX2）n，其中M是金属，X是硫属元素，n是至少约20,000，Z是这样的（MX2）n片的数量 范围为1-10，可以描述为具有代表由单个或几个堆叠但随机折叠和无序的层或具有对应于约6.2至62A的尺寸（通过TEM测定）的片材的系统的“划痕”结构 厚度约500A，最小长度为约500A最小宽度。 广泛地，类似（MX2）n可以被比作一堆聚合物片，其中每片是一个原子厚。 通过由金属盐和硫，硒或碲源的混合物通过MX2的单水低温沉淀获得的无定形MX2的受控加热（在H2 / H2S的流动中）来制备这些（MX2）n片。

公开(公告)号：US4084046A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-11

申请号：US667607

申请日：1976-03-17

申请人： M. Stanley Whittingham

发明人： M. Stanley Whittingham

IPC分类号： C01G23/00 ,  H01M4/58 ,  H01M6/14

CPC分类号： H01M10/05 ,  C01G23/007 ,  H01M4/581 ,  Y10S505/81 ,  Y10S505/815 ,  Y10S505/824

摘要： Stoichiometric titanium disulfide having a high degree of crystalline perfection and particularly suited for use as an active cathode material is prepared by heating particulate metallic titanium to a reaction temperature between about 475.degree. and 600.degree. C., contacting the heated titanium with an atmosphere having a sulfur partial pressure substantially equal to the equilibrium sulfur partial pressure at the reaction temperature to form titanium disulfide, and maintaining the reactants at the reaction temperature sufficiently to insure complete reaction. A battery is described which employs a lithium anode, an electrolyte of lithium perchlorate dissolved in an organic solvent and stoichiometric titanium disulfide having a single hexagonal phase and a particle size surface area between about 2 and 4 square meters per gram.

摘要翻译： 通过将颗粒状金属钛加热至约475℃至600℃的反应温度，将加热的钛与具有下列物质的气氛接触来制备具有高度结晶完全性并且特别适合用作活性阴极材料的化学计量二硫化钛 硫分压基本上等于在反应温度下的平衡硫分压，以形成二硫化钛，并将反应物保持在反应温度足以确保完全反应。 描述了一种电池，其使用锂阳极，溶解在有机溶剂中的高氯酸锂的电解质和具有单一六方晶相的化学计量的二硫化钛和约2至4平方米/克的粒度表面积。