Abstract:
An electrochemical cell assembly includes an electrochemical cell including housing and a negative active material disposed within a first electrode chamber of the housing. The negative active material includes lead. The electrochemical cell further includes a positive active material disposed within a second electrode chamber of the housing and a separator disposed in the housing between the first electrode chamber and the second electrode chamber. The positive active material includes lead and/or lead dioxide. The electrochemical cell assembly further includes a pumping assembly configured to pump a plurality of electrolytes through either the first electrode chamber or the second electrode chamber during operation of the electrochemical cell based on a process of a cell cycle of the electrochemical cell.
Abstract:
An alternative grid energy storage system is described herein. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell comprises a high specific surface area cathode (e.g., a cathode comprising a carbon nanofoam paper, a carbon nanotube mesh, a particulate carbon material, electrolytic manganese dioxide, or a manganese dioxide film), a zinc or lead anode (e.g., Zn or Pb foil), a selective ion-conductive separator that does not conduct zinc ions (e.g., a NAFION sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene based fluoropolymer-copolymer separator) between the anode and the cathode, and an aqueous electrolyte comprising a manganese salt (e.g., aqueous manganese sulfate) contacting the electrodes and the separator. A battery comprising two or more of the electrochemical cells electrically connected together in series, parallel, or both, also is described.
Abstract:
A stationary probe having a probe holder and a probe with a probe tip. The stationary probe may be part of a stationary probe rotating disk electrode wherein the stationary probe has a passage therethrough for rotatably receiving a rotating disk electrode comprising a rotating shaft, rotatable about a longitudinal axis, and having an electrode portion extending therefrom configured to receive an electrode. The stationary probe rotating disk electrode may be part of an analytical system wherein the probe tip includes a capillary entrance spaced apart from the electrode and connected to an analyte flow path.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst are provided. Electrode material includes a plurality of clusters. The electrode exhibits bifunctionality with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrode with clusters exhibits improved performance with respect to the intrinsic material of the electrode absent the clusters.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst are provided. Electrode material includes a plurality of clusters. The electrode exhibits bifunctionality with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrode with clusters exhibits improved performance with respect to the intrinsic material of the electrode absent the clusters.
Abstract:
A process for synthesis of PtNi high surface area core/shell particles. The processing including formation of PtNi nanoparticles, exposure of the PtNi nanoparticles to oxygen to form a nickel oxide coating on the nanoparticles at the same time the segregation of Ni to surface induces a Pt-skin with PtNi core structure, removal of the nickel oxide coating to form PtNi core/Pt shell (or Pt-skin) structure.
Abstract:
A method for synthesis of platinum nanoparticles by continuous flow using large flow segments. The nanoparticles are monodispersed and can undergo acid leaching to form platinum catalyst, such as PtNi or PtCo catalyst material.
Abstract:
A method for scaled-up synthesis of PtNi nanoparticles. Synthesizing a Pt nanoparticle catalyst comprises the steps of: synthesizing PtNi nanoparticles, isolating PtNi/substrate nanoparticles, acid leaching the PtNi/substrate, and annealing the leached PtNi/substrate nanoparticles, and forming a Pt-skin on the PtNi/substrate nanoparticles.
Abstract:
A method and article of manufacture including a catalytic substrate with a surface layer providing balanced active sites for adsorption/dissociation of H2 and adsorption of OHad for use in AFCs.