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公开(公告)号：US06331514B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-18
申请号：US09307100
申请日：1999-05-07
IPC分类号： C11D708
CPC分类号： C11D3/48 , A61K33/06 , A61K33/26 , A61K33/34 , C11D3/042 , C11D3/044 , C11D3/1213 , C11D7/06 , C11D7/08 , C11D7/20 , C11D11/0029
摘要： A method and application of a disinfecting solution which comprises adding to an acid the chemical equivalent of a metal chloride plus a metal compound wherein the metal compound is one of a hydride, oxide or hydroxide and the metal is selected to form a precipitate with said acid. The precipitate is filtered from the solution leaving a deanionated chlorided hydronium complex that is non corrosive to human tissue yet has powerful disinfecting properties. Calcium is the preferred metal.
摘要翻译： 一种消毒溶液的方法和应用，其包括向酸中加入化学当量的金属氯化物加金属化合物，其中金属化合物是氢化物，氧化物或氢氧化物之一，并且金属被选择以与所述酸形成沉淀物 。 从溶液中过滤沉淀物，留下对人体组织无腐蚀性，但具有强大的消毒性能的脱盐氯化水合物络合物。 钙是优选的金属。
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公开(公告)号：US5895782A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US911773
申请日：1997-08-15
IPC分类号： C11D3/02 , C11D3/12 , C11D7/06 , C11D7/08 , C11D7/20 , C11D11/00 , B08B3/04 , B08B3/08 , C11D7/10
CPC分类号： C11D3/1213 , C11D11/0029 , C11D3/042 , C11D3/044 , C11D7/06 , C11D7/08 , C11D7/20
摘要： A solution for cleaning metal surfaces particularly non ferrous alloys such as copper, brass and high strength aluminum alloys. The solution is prepared by mixing Ca(OH).sub.2 and KOH with equivalent sulfuric acid in water then passing the solution through a 10 micron filter. the resulting concentrate can be used full strength or diluted depending on the degree of surface oxidation of the metal to be treated.
摘要翻译： 用于清洁金属表面的解决方案，特别是铜，黄铜和高强度铝合金等非铁合金。 通过将Ca（OH）2和KOH与等当量的硫酸在水中混合，然后将溶液通过10微米过滤器来制备溶液。 所得浓缩物可以根据待处理的金属的表面氧化程度使用全强度或稀释。
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公开(公告)号：US6096222A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US257076
申请日：1999-02-24
CPC分类号： C02F1/46 , Y10S210/908 , Y10S210/909 , Y10S210/912
摘要： An apparatus and method for removing hydrocarbon contaminants and heavy metal ion contaminants from wastewater stream comprising the introduction of iron ions into the stream. In one embodiment, the ions are introduced by applying an electrical current through a bed of iron particulates in the form of steel wool and iron nodules. In another embodiment, the iron salts are added to the waste stream and the iron ions are reduced to a more reactive lower valence state by electric current.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从废水流中除去烃污染物和重金属离子污染物的装置和方法，包括将铁离子引入流中。 在一个实施方案中，通过以钢丝绒和铁结核的形式施加电流通过铁颗粒床来引入离子。 在另一个实施方案中，将铁盐加入到废物流中，并且通过电流将铁离子还原成更具反应性的较低价态。
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公开(公告)号：US5575974A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US277784
申请日：1994-07-20
CPC分类号： C02F1/46104 , C02F1/48 , C02F1/4672 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2001/46157 , C02F2201/4611 , C02F2201/46125 , C02F2201/46145 , C02F2303/04
摘要： An apparatus for destroying bacterial pathogens including at least one pair of electrodes secured in a housing configured to constrain flow of water through the region between the electrodes. In one construction, the electrodes are supported in a tube with sides of each member of an electrode pair conforming to the inner surface of the tube and electrode surfaces form a slotted space through which the water passes. The electrodes and space between the electrodes are also subject to a magnetic field which reduces rate of deposition of calacerous deposits on the electrode surfaces thereby extending the period of time between required cleaning of the electrodes. The electrodes can be simple slabs or screens or both. The electrodes are preferably tin, titanium, brass, iron or stainless steel.
摘要翻译： 一种用于破坏细菌病原体的装置，包括固定在壳体中的至少一对电极，其被构造成限制水流通过电极之间的区域。 在一种结构中，电极被支撑在管中，每个电极对的每个构件的侧面与管的内表面一致，并且电极表面形成水通过的开槽空间。 电极之间的电极和空间也受到磁场的影响，这降低了电极表面上的沉积层的沉积速率，从而延长了电极所需的清洁之间的时间。 电极可以是简单的板或屏幕或两者。 电极优选为锡，钛，黄铜，铁或不锈钢。
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公开(公告)号：US5891320A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US701777
申请日：1996-08-26
IPC分类号： C01F5/22 , C01F11/46 , C02F1/44 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/48 , C02F1/66 , C02F9/00 , C25B1/20 , C01F1/00 , C01F5/40
CPC分类号： C01F5/22 , C01F11/46 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/488 , C02F1/66 , C02F9/00 , C01P2004/61 , C02F1/441 , C02F1/48 , C02F2101/20 , C02F2103/023 , C02F2103/10
摘要： A clear solution and a method for preparing the solution which has a pH in the range of from 10 to 13.9 and containing sulfate ions in a concentration range less than 500 parts per million. The solution is prepared by mixing two solutions in which one solution has one equivalent of magnesium sulfate and an equivalent of sulfuric acid and the second solution has an equivalent of Ca (OH).sub.2 and two equivalents of K.sub.2 OH. It is believed that CaSO.sub.4 precipitates in the mixed solution and causes coprecipitation of potassium, perhaps as double salt with the Ca leaving OH stabilized by hydration and magnesium ions.
摘要翻译： 一种澄清溶液和一种制备溶液的方法，其pH为10-13.9，含有浓度范围小于500ppm的硫酸根离子。 该溶液通过混合两种溶液制备，其中一种溶液具有一当量硫酸镁和当量的硫酸，第二溶液具有当量的Ca（OH）2和两当量的K 2 OH。 据信CaSO 4在混合溶液中沉淀，并引起钾的共沉淀，可能是与通过水合和镁离子稳定的Ca离去的双重盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5571336A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US536083
申请日：1995-09-29
CPC分类号： C23G1/22
摘要： A solution and solution concentrate for cleaning metal surfaces, particularly aluminum surfaces in which CaO or Ca (OH).sub.2 is added to sulfuric acid to raise the pH to about 13.1 after which the solution is passed through an eleven micron filter and potassium hydroxide is added to raise the pH to greater than 13.8. The resulting concentrate is diluted with water to an appropriate degree, generally 15 parts concentrate to 85 parts of water such as to bring the pH down to a working range of 8.5 to 11.0, degree of dilution depending on the usage.
摘要翻译： 一种用于清洁金属表面的溶液和溶液浓缩物，特别是其中向硫酸中加入CaO或Ca（OH）2以将pH升高至约13.1的铝表面，然后加入溶液通过11微米过滤器和氢氧化钾 以将pH提高到大于13.8。 将所得浓缩物用水稀释到适当的程度，通常将15份浓缩至85份水，以使pH降至8.5至11.0的工作范围，根据用途的稀释度。
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公开(公告)号：US07122269B1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-17
申请号：US10117877
申请日：2002-05-30
IPC分类号： H01M8/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/188 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/20 , Y02E60/528
摘要： An energy cell for producing electrical energy and a fuel being a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen from aqueous solutions of hydronium and oxyanions. The aqueous solution of hydronium ions is delivered to a cathode in a cathode compartment where the ions are reduced by contact with a precious metal cathode. The aqueous solution of oxyanions is delivered to an anode in an anode compartment where the ions are reduced by contact with a precious metal cathode. Electrical potential between anode and cathode is available as a source of electrical energy. Hydrogen from the cathode department and oxygen from the anode compartment are combusted to provide heat in a combustion compartment.
摘要翻译： 用于从水合氢和氧阴离子的水溶液中产生电能的能量单元和作为氢和氧的混合物的燃料。 水合氢离子的水溶液被输送到阴极室中，其中离子通过与贵金属阴极接触而被还原。 氧阴离子水溶液被传送到阳极室中的阳极，其中离子通过与贵金属阴极接触而被还原。 阳极和阴极之间的电位可用作电能来源。 来自阴极部的氢气和来自阳极室的氧气燃烧以在燃烧室中提供热量。
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公开(公告)号：US06254783B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US08701778
申请日：1996-08-26
IPC分类号： C02F152
CPC分类号： C01F5/22 , C01F11/46 , C01P2004/61 , C02F1/441 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/48 , C02F1/488 , C02F1/66 , C02F9/00 , C02F2101/20 , C02F2103/023 , C02F2103/10 , Y10S210/912
摘要： A method and apparatus for removing a group of species of metal ions from an aqueous solution to be purified which involves the steps for each species in succession of adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution to a value where hydroxide precipitates of said species in its highest valency state are insoluble, then passing the aqueous solution through an ion state modification cell to raise the valence of the respective species to its highest valency state thus causing the ion specie to form the insoluble hydroxide, then removing the precipitated hydroxide from the aqueous solution by appropriate steps of settling and press filtering. A magnetic field is imposed between the electrodes which improves the efficiency of the ion state modification step.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从待纯化的水溶液中除去一组金属离子的方法和装置，其包括将各种物质连续地将水溶液的pH调节至以最高化合价进行所述物质的氢氧化物沉淀的值的步骤 状态不溶，然后使水溶液通过离子状态改性单元，使各种物质的价态升至其最高的价态，从而使离子物质形成不溶性氢氧化物，然后通过适当的方式从水溶液中除去沉淀的氢氧化物 安置和按压过滤的步骤。 在电极之间施加磁场，这提高了离子状态改性步骤的效率。
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公开(公告)号：US5830838A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-03
申请号：US701776
申请日：1996-08-26
CPC分类号： C11D3/042 , C11D11/0029 , C11D3/044 , C11D3/1213 , C11D7/06 , C11D7/08 , C11D7/20
摘要： A solution for cleaning metal surfaces particularly non ferrous alloys such as copper, brass and high strength aluminum alloys. The solution is prepared by mixing Ca(OH).sub.2 and KOH with equivalent sulfuric acid in water then passing the solution through a 10 micron filter. The resulting concentrate can be used full strength or diluted depending on the degree of surface oxidation of the metal to be treated.
摘要翻译： 用于清洁金属表面的解决方案，特别是铜，黄铜和高强度铝合金等非铁合金。 通过将Ca（OH）2和KOH与等当量的硫酸在水中混合，然后将溶液通过10微米过滤器来制备溶液。 所得浓缩物可以根据待处理的金属的表面氧化程度使用全强度或稀释。
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公开(公告)号：US5380430A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US167621
申请日：1993-12-13
CPC分类号： C02F1/481 , B01J19/087 , F02M27/045 , B01J2219/0852
摘要： A set of magnetic assemblies for treating fluids including water and liquid and gaseous fuels wherein each assembly includes a construction of permanent magnets and pole pieces arranged to optimize a "Figure of merit" number defined as the integral of the absolute value of magnetic field intensity over region occupied by the fluid. In one embodiment, each assembly includes an elongated magnet with permeable pole pieces at each end bent back toward each other to form a gap equal to one half the length of the magnet. In another arrangement, each assembly includes a permanent magnet having a pole piece leading around toward the flux surface at the other end of the magnet, adjacent to the fluid carrier. Dimensions of the area of the pole end surface are selected based on the permeability of the pole piece, magnetization intensity of the permanent magnet material and pipe diameter to maximize the Figure of merit. Figure of merit is maximized by placing an odd number of assemblies around the conduit. Fluid flowing in long lengths of pipe is treated by arranging assemblies on the pipe spaced from one another by a distance equal to the flow velocity times the lifetime of the treatment effect.
摘要翻译： 一组用于处理包括水和液体和气体燃料的流体的磁性组件，其中每个组件包括永磁体和极片的结构，其被布置成优化被定义为磁场强度的绝对值的积分的“品质因数”数 流体占据的区域。 在一个实施例中，每个组件包括细长磁体，每个端部的每个端部朝向彼此弯曲以形成等于磁体长度的一半的间隙的可渗透极片。 在另一种布置中，每个组件包括永磁体，该永磁体具有在磁体另一端附近靠近流体载体的朝向磁通表面的磁极片。 基于磁极的磁导率，永久磁铁材料的磁化强度和管道直径来选择极端面的面积尺寸，以使品质因数最大化。 通过在管道周围放置奇数个组件使品质因数最大化。 在长管道中流动的流体通过在管道上布置组件来处理，间隔距离等于处理效果的寿命的流速。
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