公开(公告)号：US4341077A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-27

申请号：US084537

申请日：1979-10-15

申请人： Samuel G. Woinsky

发明人： Samuel G. Woinsky

IPC分类号： F03G4/02 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Process and system for recovery of energy from geothermal brines and other hot water sources, which comprises direct contact heat exchange between the brine or hot water, and a hydrocarbon working fluid, e.g. n-butane, in a heat transfer column, the heat transfer column being operated at or above the critical pressure of the working fluid, and the hot brine or hot water feed being at a temperature at or above the critical temperature of the working fluid. The heated working fluid exiting the top of the heat transfer column is expanded through an expander to produce work. The discharge from the expander is cooled to condense working fluid which is separated in an accumulator, from condensed water vapor present in the working fluid, and the condensed working fluid is pressurized and fed back to the heat transfer column. Water from the accumulator can be fed to an H.sub.2 S removal system where good quality water can be recovered. Cooled brine or water from the bottom of the heat transfer column is fed to a flashing device such as a flash drum and the working fluid flashed off is compressed and returned to the cooler at the expander discharge, for condensation and recovery. Such cooled brine or water can be fed to one or more liquid expanders prior to flashing to produce additional work. Also, entrained liquid phase working fluid can be separated from the cooled brine or water prior to flashing, and returned to the system. Uncondensible gases plus some working fluid losses are vented from the accumulator and preferably the system can be operated under conditions to vent a minimum of uncondensible gas from the accumulator, and thereby reduce working fluid losses. Any accumulator vent gas can be fed to the H.sub.2 S removal system. Cold brine or water is discharged from the flash drum. Alternatively, if the flash drum is employed as a stripping column, a portion of the vent gas from the accumulator can be recycled as stripping gas to the stripping column for recovery of working fluids therefrom. Preferably, the uncondensible gases are removed from the feed brine or hot water prior to entry into the heat transfer column, such degassing preferably being carried out by a simple flash followed by energy recovery in a steam expander. The steam from the steam expander can be fed to the H.sub.2 S removal system.

公开(公告)号：US4279125A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-21

申请号：US8793

申请日：1979-02-01

申请人： Samuel G. Woinsky

发明人： Samuel G. Woinsky

IPC分类号： F03G4/02 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00 ,  F01K23/02

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Process and system for recovery of energy from geothermal brines and other hot water sources by direct contact heat exchange between the brine or hot water, and a working fluid exiting the top of the heat transfer column is expanded through an expander to produce work. The discharge from the expander is cooled to condense working fluid which is separated in an accumulator from condensed water vapor present in the working fluid, and the condensed working fluid is pressurized and fed back to the heat transfer column. Uncondensible gas together with working fluid losses are vented from the accumulator. In order to decrease the amount of uncondensible vent gas from the accumulator, and the loss of working fluid therein, the hot water or brine feed to the heat transfer column is initially degassed as by flashing, the extent of degassing being controlled based on the concentration of uncondensibles in such hot water or brine feed. The steam and uncondensible gas resulting from flashing is expanded in a work expander to recovery energy. The working fluid can be a compound selected from the group of aromatics, paraffins, napthenes, olefins, and ethers. Where a single component working fluid does not have the desired critical properties for use with a particular brine and well, a preferred working fluid is a mixture of hydrocarbons of the type noted above.

摘要翻译： 通过盐水或热水之间的直接接触热交换以及离开传热塔顶部的工作流体通过膨胀机扩大以产生作业，来从地热盐水和其他热水源回收能量的方法和系统。 来自膨胀机的排出物被冷却以将在蓄能器中分离的工作流体冷凝在存在于工作流体中的冷凝水蒸汽，并且冷凝的工作流体被加压并反馈到传热塔。 不凝气体与工作流体损失一起从蓄能器排出。 为了减少来自蓄能器的不可渗透的排出气体的量和其中的工作流体的损失，向传热塔的热水或盐水进料最初由于闪蒸而脱气，基于浓度控制脱气程度 在这种热水或盐水进料中的非冷凝物。 闪蒸产生的蒸汽和不可渗透的气体在工作膨胀机中膨胀至回收能量。 工作流体可以是选自芳族化合物，石蜡，萘，烯烃和醚的化合物。 在单组分工作流体不具有用于特定盐水和井的期望临界性质的情况下，优选的工作流体是上述类型的烃的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US4324102A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-13

申请号：US76677

申请日：1979-09-19

申请人： Samuel G. Woinsky

发明人： Samuel G. Woinsky

IPC分类号： F03G4/04 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Process and system for recovery of energy from geothermal brines and other hot water sources, which comprises direct contact heat exchange between the brine or hot water, and a hydrocarbon working fluid, e.g. n-butane, in a heat transfer column, the heat transfer column being operated at or above the critical pressure of the working fluid, and the hot brine or hot water feed being at a temperature at or above the critical temperature of the working fluid. The heated working fluid exiting the top of the heat transfer column is expanded through an expander to produce work. The discharge from the expander is cooled to condense working fluid which is separated in an accumulator, from condensed water vapor present in the working fluid, and the condensed working fluid is pressurized and fed back to the heat transfer column.Cooled brine or water from the bottom of the heat transfer column and water from the accumulator are fed to a flashing device such as a flash drum operated at a pressure less than that in the accumulator, and the working fluid flashed off is compressed and returned to the cooler at the expander discharge, for condensation and recovery. Uncondensible gases plus working fluid losses are vented from the accumulator. Cold brine or water is discharged from the flashing means such as the flash drum, and any scale formed in the heat transfer column is discharged from the bottom thereof.Alternatively, if the flash drum is employed as a stripping column, a portion of the vent gas from the accumulator can be recycled as stripping gas to the stripping column for recovery of working fluids therefrom.Preferably, the feed brine or hot water is degassed prior to entry into the heat transfer column, and such degassing combined with proper control of accumulator pressure provides an economic balance between energy recovery in the system and working fluid loss in the vent gas from the accumulator.

公开(公告)号：US4213302A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-22

申请号：US836293

申请日：1977-09-26

申请人： Samuel G. Woinsky

发明人： Samuel G. Woinsky

IPC分类号： F03G4/02 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Process and system for recovery of energy from geothermal brines and other water containing or hot water sources, which comprises direct contact heat exchange between the brine or hot water, and a working fluid, e.g. n-butane, in a heat transfer column, the heat transfer column being operated in the subcritical pressure region of the working fluid, preferably close to or approaching the apex of the saturated vapor curve for such working fluid on the Mollier enthalpy-entropy diagram for such fluid. The heated working fluid exiting the top of the heat transfer column is expanded through an expander to produce work. The discharge from the expander is cooled to condense working fluid which is separated in an accumulator, from condensed water vapor present in the working fluid, and the condensed working fluid is pressurized and fed back to the heat transfer column. Water from the accumulator can be fed to an H.sub.2 S removal system where good quality water can be recovered. Cooled brine or water from the bottom of the heat transfer column and water from the accumulator are fed to a flashing device such as a flash drum, and the working fluid flashed off is compressed and returned to the cooler at the expander discharge, for condensation and recovery. Also, entrained liquid phase working fluid can be separated from the cooled brine or water prior to flashing, and returned to the system. Uncondensible gases plus some working fluid losses are vented from the accumulator, and preferably the system can be operated under conditions to vent a minimum of uncondensible gases from the accumulator, and thereby reduce working fluid losses, Any accumulator vent gas can be fed to the H.sub.2 S removal system.

摘要翻译： 用于从地热盐水和其他含水或热水源回收能量的方法和系统，其包括盐水或热水之间的直接接触热交换，以及工作流体，例如， 正丁烷在传热塔中，传热塔在工作流体的亚临界压力区域中操作，优选靠近或接近饱和蒸气曲线的顶点，用于在莫利耶焓熵图上的这种工作流体， 这样的流体。 离开传热塔顶部的加热的工作流体通过膨胀机膨胀以产生作业。 将来自膨胀器的排出物冷却，以将在蓄液器中分离的工作流体与存在于工作流体中的冷凝水蒸汽冷凝，并且冷凝的工作流体被加压并反馈到传热塔。 来自蓄能器的水可以被供给到可以回收优质水的H 2 S去除系统。 将来自传热塔底部的冷却的盐水或水和来自蓄能器的水进料到闪蒸装置如闪蒸筒，闪蒸的工作流体被压缩并在膨胀机排放时返回到冷却器中，用于冷凝， 复苏。 此外，夹带的液相工作流体可在闪蒸之前与冷却的盐水或水分离，并返回系统。 不可冷凝气体加上一些工作流体损失从蓄能器排出，优选地，该系统可在条件下操作以从蓄能器排出最少的不可渗透气体，从而减少工作流体损失。任何蓄能器排出气体都可以供给到H2S 清除系统。

公开(公告)号：US4089175A

公开(公告)日：1978-05-16

申请号：US611310

申请日：1975-06-23

申请人： Samuel G. Woinsky

发明人： Samuel G. Woinsky

IPC分类号： F01K3/18 ,  F01K25/06 ,  F03G4/02 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F28C3/08 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F28C3/08 ,  F01K25/06 ,  F01K3/181 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Process and system for recovery of energy from geothermal brines and other water containing or hot water sources, which comprises direct contact heat exchange between the brine or hot water, and a working fluid, e.g. n-butane, in a heat transfer column, the heat transfer column being operated in the subcritical pressure region of the working fluid, close to or approaching the apex of the saturated vapor curve for such working fluid on the Mollier enthalpy-entropy diagram for such fluid. The heated working fluid exiting the top of the heat transfer column is expanded through an expander to produce work. The discharge from the expander is cooled to condense working fluid which is separated in an accumulator, from condensed water vapor present in the working fluid, and the condensed working fluid is pressurized and fed back to the heat transfer column.Cooled brine or water from the bottom of the heat transfer column and water from the accumulator are fed to a flashing device such as a flash drum operated at a pressure less than that in the accumulator, and the working fluid flashed off is compressed and returned to the cooler at the expander discharge, for condensation and recovery. Uncondensible gases plus working fluid losses are vented from the accumulator. Cold brine or water is discharged from the flashing means such as the flash drum, and any scale formed in the heat transfer column is discharged from the bottom thereof.

摘要翻译： 用于从地热盐水和其他含水或热水源回收能量的方法和系统，其包括盐水或热水之间的直接接触热交换，以及工作流体，例如， 在传热塔中，传热塔在工作流体的亚临界压力区域中操作，靠近或接近饱和蒸汽曲线的顶点，用于这些工作流体在莫利耶尔焓图上，用于这样的 流体。 离开传热塔顶部的加热的工作流体通过膨胀机膨胀以产生作业。 将来自膨胀器的排出物冷却，以将在蓄液器中分离的工作流体与存在于工作流体中的冷凝水蒸汽冷凝，并且冷凝的工作流体被加压并反馈到传热塔。