Abstract:
A compound for an organic photoelectric device includes at least one of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 and a combination thereof.
Abstract:
A user plane entity of a wireless communication system including the user plane entity and a control plane entity according to an embodiment may comprise: a at least one processor, comprising processing circuitry, individually and/or collectively, is configured to: detect whether a session message, which has been transmitted to the control plane entity by the user plane entity, for the volume quota allocation of a resource of the user plane entity is lost; generate a session message, including an arbitrary usage report, based on the session message being detected as being lost; and a communication interface, comprising communication circuitry, is configured to transmit the session message including the usage report to the control plane entity to attempt volume quota allocation.
Abstract:
An electronic device for a session management function (SMF) may comprise memory storing instructions and at least one processor. The instructions may cause the electronic device to: obtain a first load value for a second time interval before selecting a serving user plane function (UPF), estimated based on an artificial intelligence model (AI model) using first load information of each of UPFs measured within a first time interval before the second time interval, obtain a second load value for the second time interval, calculated by using second load information of each of the UPFs measured within the second time interval, determine a difference between the first load value and the second load value, and determine, using the difference, whether to use a predicted load value of each of the UPFs obtained based on the AI model to select the serving UPF from among the UPFs.
Abstract:
In various embodiments, a method performed by a mobility management device, includes obtaining mobility information of a user equipment (UE). The method includes generating a predicted tracking area list for the UE based on the mobility information. The method includes transmitting, to the UE, a message including the predicted tracking area list to initiate a registration procedure based on the UE being out of a range of a plurality of tracking areas of the predicted tracking area list. The method includes based on identifying downlink data for the UE, performing a paging procedure in each of cells in the predicted tracking area list.