公开(公告)号：US09123512B2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-01

申请号：US11371196

申请日：2006-03-07

申请人： Norman Rostoker

发明人： Norman Rostoker

IPC分类号： G21B1/00 ,  H01J37/32 ,  G21B1/05

CPC分类号： G21B1/11 ,  G21B1/052 ,  H01J37/32678 ,  Y02E30/122

摘要： A system and apparatus for controlled fusion in a field reversed configuration (FRC) magnetic topology and conversion of fusion product energies directly to electric power. Preferably, plasma ions are magnetically confined in the FRC while plasma electrons are electrostatically confined in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions ions are fused together by the nuclear force, thus forming fusion products that emerge in the form of an annular beam. Energy is removed from the fusion product ions as they spiral past electrodes of an inverse cyclotron converter. Advantageously, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement and energy conversion system include advanced (aneutronic) fuels.

摘要翻译： 用于在场反向配置（FRC）磁拓扑中的受控融合并将融合产物能量直接转换为电力的系统和装置。 优选地，等离子体离子被磁力限制在FRC中，而等离子体电子通过调谐外部施加的磁场而被静电限制在深能量阱中。 在这种结构中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，使得在碰撞时，离子通过核力熔合在一起，从而形成以环形束形式出现的熔融产物。 当它们旋转通过反向回旋加速器的电极时，能量从熔融产物离子中去除。 有利地，可以与本限制和能量转换系统一起使用的熔融燃料等离子体包括先进的（非经济的）燃料。

公开(公告)号：US08461762B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-11

申请号：US12511266

申请日：2009-07-29

申请人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer

发明人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer

IPC分类号： H01J7/24 ,  H01J23/00

CPC分类号： G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/05 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/03 ,  H05H1/10 ,  H05H1/12 ,  H05H1/14 ,  H05H1/16 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： An apparatus and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions ions are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.

公开(公告)号：US20100181915A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-22

申请号：US12511266

申请日：2009-07-29

申请人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer

发明人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer

IPC分类号： H05H1/46

CPC分类号： G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/05 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/03 ,  H05H1/10 ,  H05H1/12 ,  H05H1/14 ,  H05H1/16 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： An apparatus and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions ions are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于容纳等离子体和形成场反转配置（FRC）磁拓扑的装置和方法，其中等离子体离子在FRC中的稳定的非绝热轨道中磁性地包含。 此外，电子被静电包含在深能量阱中，通过调谐外部施加的磁场而产生。 电子的同时静电限制和离子的磁约束避免了异常运输，并促进电子和离子的经典控制。 在这种结构中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，使得在碰撞时，离子通过核力熔合在一起，从而释放出融合能。 此外，可以与本限制系统和方法一起使用的聚变燃料等离子体不仅限于中子燃料，而且还有利地包括先进的燃料。

公开(公告)号：US07719199B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

申请号：US12077260

申请日：2008-03-17

申请人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst ,  Norman Rostoker

发明人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst ,  Norman Rostoker

IPC分类号： H05B31/26

CPC分类号： H05H1/12 ,  G21B1/00 ,  G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/11 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/14 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： A system and apparatus for controlled fusion in a field reversed configuration (FRC) magnetic topology and conversion of fusion product energies directly to electric power. Preferably, plasma ions are magnetically confined in the FRC while plasma electrons are electrostatically confined in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by the nuclear force, thus forming fusion products that emerge in the form of an annular beam. Energy is removed from the fusion product ions as they spiral past electrodes of an inverse cyclotron converter. Advantageously, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement and energy conversion system include advanced (aneutronic) fuels.

摘要翻译： 用于在场反向配置（FRC）磁拓扑中的受控融合并将融合产物能量直接转换为电力的系统和装置。 优选地，等离子体离子被磁力限制在FRC中，而等离子体电子通过调谐外部施加的磁场而被静电限制在深能量阱中。 在这种结构中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，使得在碰撞时它们被核力熔合在一起，从而形成以环形束形式出现的熔融产物。 当它们旋转通过反向回旋加速器的电极时，能量从熔融产物离子中去除。 有利地，可以与本限制和能量转换系统一起使用的熔融燃料等离子体包括先进的（非经济的）燃料。

公开(公告)号：US20070172017A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-26

申请号：US11707282

申请日：2007-02-16

申请人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer ,  Eusebio Garate ,  Vitaly Bystritskii

发明人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer ,  Eusebio Garate ,  Vitaly Bystritskii

IPC分类号： G21B1/00

CPC分类号： G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/05 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/03 ,  H05H1/10 ,  H05H1/12 ,  H05H1/14 ,  H05H1/16 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： A system and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.

公开(公告)号：US06611106B2

公开(公告)日：2003-08-26

申请号：US10076793

申请日：2002-02-14

申请人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst ,  Norman Rostoker

发明人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst ,  Norman Rostoker

IPC分类号： G21B100

CPC分类号： H05H1/12 ,  G21B1/00 ,  G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/11 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/14 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： A system and apparatus for controlled fusion in a field reversed configuration (FRC) magnetic topology and conversion of fusion product energies directly to electric power. Preferably, plasma ions are magnetically confined in the FRC while plasma electrons are electrostatically confined in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by the nuclear force, thus forming fusion products that emerge in the form of an annular beam. Energy is removed from the fusion product ions as they spiral past electrodes of an inverse cyclotron converter. Advantageously, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement and energy conversion system include advanced (aneutronic) fuels.

摘要翻译： 用于在场反向配置（FRC）磁拓扑中的受控融合并将融合产物能量直接转换为电力的系统和装置。 优选地，等离子体离子被磁力限制在FRC中，而等离子体电子通过调谐外部施加的磁场而被静电限制在深能量阱中。 在这种结构中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，使得在碰撞时它们被核力熔合在一起，从而形成以环形束形式出现的熔融产物。 当它们旋转通过反向回旋加速器的电极时，能量从熔融产物离子中去除。 有利地，可以与本限制和能量转换系统一起使用的熔融燃料等离子体包括先进的（非经济的）燃料。

公开(公告)号：US4392111A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-05

申请号：US195521

申请日：1980-10-09

申请人： Norman Rostoker

发明人： Norman Rostoker

IPC分类号： H05H7/00 ,  H05H7/08 ,  H05H11/00

CPC分类号： H05H11/00 ,  H05H7/08

摘要： A method and means for accelerating charged particle beams having very high current densities to relativistic energies, as, for example, embodied in a betatron capable of carrying a current of many tens of kiloamperes at energies up to at least 300 Mev. The basic principle underlying the present invention is the containment of a beam of charged particles, more particularly a beam of electrons, by a magnetic field directed along the beam. As the strength of the magnetic field is increased as a function of time the beam of electrons becomes compressed in the direction transverse to the beam into a region of high charge density. The electrons may then be accelerated along the direction of the magnetic field to form an ultra-relativistic beam. At such high energies the beam tends to be stable and the containing magnetic field is no longer necessary. The magnetic field may therefore be permitted to decay.

摘要翻译： 用于将具有非常高的电流密度的带电粒子束加速到相对论能量的方法和装置，例如体现在能够承载高达至少300Mev的能量下几十千安的电流的贝塔酮。 本发明的基本原理是通过沿着光束引导的磁场来容纳带电粒子束，更具体地是电子束束。 随着磁场的强度随着时间的推移而增加，电子束在横向于光束的方向上被压缩成高电荷密度的区域。 然后可以沿着磁场的方向加速电子以形成超相对论束。 在这样的高能量下，光束趋向于稳定，并且不再需要包含的磁场。 因此，磁场可能被允许衰减。

公开(公告)号：US07613271B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-03

申请号：US11707282

申请日：2007-02-16

申请人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer ,  Eusebio Garate ,  Vitaly Bystritskii

发明人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer ,  Eusebio Garate ,  Vitaly Bystritskii

IPC分类号： G21B1/00

CPC分类号： G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/05 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/03 ,  H05H1/10 ,  H05H1/12 ,  H05H1/14 ,  H05H1/16 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： A system and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于容纳等离子体并形成场反转配置（FRC）磁拓扑的系统和方法，其中等离子体离子在FRC中的稳定的非绝热轨道中磁性地包含。 此外，电子被静电包含在深能量阱中，通过调谐外部施加的磁场而产生。 电子的同时静电限制和离子的磁约束避免了异常运输，并促进电子和离子的经典控制。 在这种结构中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，使得在碰撞时它们通过核力熔合在一起，从而释放聚变能。 此外，可以与本限制系统和方法一起使用的聚变燃料等离子体不仅限于中子燃料，而且还有利地包括先进的燃料。

公开(公告)号：US20090168945A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-02

申请号：US11498404

申请日：2006-08-01

申请人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer

发明人： Norman Rostoker ,  Michl Binderbauer

IPC分类号： H05H1/16 ,  G21B1/05

CPC分类号： G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/05 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/03 ,  H05H1/10 ,  H05H1/12 ,  H05H1/14 ,  H05H1/16 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： An apparatus and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions ions are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于容纳等离子体和形成场反转配置（FRC）磁拓扑的装置和方法，其中等离子体离子在FRC中的稳定的非绝热轨道中磁性地包含。 此外，电子被静电包含在深能量阱中，通过调谐外部施加的磁场而产生。 电子的同时静电限制和离子的磁约束避免了异常运输，并促进电子和离子的经典控制。 在这种结构中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，使得在碰撞时，离子通过核力熔合在一起，从而释放出融合能。 此外，可以与本限制系统和方法一起使用的聚变燃料等离子体不仅限于中子燃料，而且还有利地包括先进的燃料。

公开(公告)号：US20080251502A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

申请号：US10979598

申请日：2004-11-01

申请人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst ,  Norman Rostoker

发明人： Hendrik J. Monkhorst ,  Norman Rostoker

IPC分类号： B23K9/00

CPC分类号： H05H1/12 ,  G21B1/00 ,  G21B1/052 ,  G21B1/11 ,  G21D7/00 ,  H05H1/14 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： A system and apparatus for controlled fusion in a field reversed configuration (FRC) magnetic topology and conversion of fusion product energies directly to electric power. Preferably, plasma ions are magnetically confined in the FRC while plasma electrons are electrostatically confined in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by the nuclear force, thus forming fusion products that emerge in the form of an annular beam. Energy is removed from the fusion product ions as they spiral past electrodes of an inverse cyclotron converter. Advantageously, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement and energy conversion system include advanced (aneutronic) fuels.