公开(公告)号：US06885333B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10780141

申请日：2004-02-17

Applicant: Mitchell J. Sparrow ,  Joseph Cikalo

Inventor： Mitchell J. Sparrow ,  Joseph Cikalo

IPC: G01S7/02 ,  G01S7/282 ,  G01S7/38

CPC classification number: G01S7/38 ,  G01S7/024 ,  G01S7/282

Abstract: An electronic warfare (EW) cross-eye system comprises two antennas separated a distance, d, a part, where d is much greater than the wavelength, λ, of a tracking signal emitted by a fire control radar (i.e., d>>λ). The EW cross-eye system further comprises a receive polarimeter for measuring the tracking signal and a second polarimeter for synthesizing the measured tracking signal to produce, for transmission, a jamming signal comprising a pair of inverted amplitude signals that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other.

Abstract translation: 电子战（EW）交叉眼系统包括分开距离d的两个天线，d，一部分，其中d远远大于由火控雷达发射的跟踪信号的波长λ（即，d>>λ ）。 EW交叉眼系统还包括用于测量跟踪信号的接收偏振计和用于合成所测量的跟踪信号的第二偏振计，以产生包含与180度异相相反的一对反相幅度信号的干扰信号， 彼此。

公开(公告)号：US06911937B1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-28

申请号：US09711168

申请日：2000-11-13

Applicant: Mitchell J. Sparrow ,  Joseph Cikalo

Inventor： Mitchell J. Sparrow ,  Joseph Cikalo

IPC: G01S7/02 ,  G01S7/292 ,  G01S13/00

CPC classification number: G01S7/024 ,  G01S7/2921

Abstract: A digital polarimeteric system employs a signal time stretching technique and digital signal processing of the time-stretched signal to accurately measure the polarization of a received RF signal with commercially available digital hardware. A superheterodyne receiver down converts received RF signal components to IF, and analog-to-digital converters sample the signal components at much lower sampling rates than would normally be required to accurately measure the signal polarization. Each signal sample is “time stretched” by storing each sample in M locations in a memory, such that N samples occupy M×N memory locations. A digital signal processor applies incremental phase shifts to the digital samples until a phase-shifted combination of the digital samples yields a minimum null output. The phase shifts producing the minimum null identify the polarization of the received signal. The stretching and digital processing yield the required number of samples per cycle of the received signal for accurate polarization measurement, thus effectively increasing the digital sampling frequency. Because each sample is stored in M memory locations, each incremental phase shift corresponds to 1/Mth of the actual sampling interval, thereby providing the high phase resolution required to accurately measure polarization.

Abstract translation: 数字式的旋光计系统采用信号时间拉伸技术和时间延长信号的数字信号处理，以商业上可获得的数字硬件精确测量接收的RF信号的极化。 超外差接收机将接收到的RF信号分量转换成IF，模数转换器以比正常测量信号极化所需的采样速率要低得多的采样速率对信号分量进行采样。 每个信号样本通过将每个样本存储在存储器中的M个位置中来“延时”，使得N个样本占据M×N个存储器位置。 数字信号处理器对数字样本进行增量相移，直到数字样本的相移组合产生最小的空输出。 产生最小值的相移识别接收信号的极化。 拉伸和数字处理在接收信号的每个周期产生所需数量的采样，用于精确的偏振测量，从而有效地增加了数字采样频率。 由于每个采样存储在M个存储单元中，所以每个增量相移对应于实际采样间隔的1 / M ，从而提供准确测量极化所需的高相位分辨率。

公开(公告)号：US06646599B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-11

申请号：US10097408

申请日：2002-03-15

Applicant: Martin J. Apa ,  Joseph Cikalo ,  William L. High ,  Mitchell J. Sparrow

Inventor： Martin J. Apa ,  Joseph Cikalo ,  William L. High ,  Mitchell J. Sparrow

IPC: H01Q2106

CPC classification number: H01Q21/0025 ,  H01Q21/245

Abstract: A solid state active aperture high power polarization agile transmitter, either single or dual polarization, employing nonreciprocal antenna elements, designed such that it can be used in an Electronic Warfare (EW) system that is more efficient and less expensive. Antenna beam steering is accomplished with variable phase shifters that are used to set the RF signal phase of each element. The beam steering function is implemented with a hardware architecture where the phase shifters are built-in ahead of the power amplifiers such that these low power phase shifters impart phase delays to low power signals without wasting RF signal power and hence improving efficiency. These power transmitter devices are also more reliable, lighter in weight and smaller in size.

Abstract translation: 固态有源孔径高功率极化敏捷发射机，单或双极化，采用非互易天线元件，设计使其可用于更有效率和更低成本的电子战（EW）系统。 天线波束转向由可变移相器实现，用于设置每个元件的RF信号相位。 光束转向功能是以硬件架构实现的，其中移相器内置在功率放大器之前，使得这些低功率移相器将相位延迟赋予低功率信号，而不浪费RF信号功率并因此提高效率。 这些发射机装置也更可靠，重量更轻，尺寸更小。

公开(公告)号：US06545630B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

申请号：US10052522

申请日：2002-01-23

Applicant: Martin J. Apa ,  Joseph Cikalo ,  William L. High ,  Mitchell J. Sparrow

Inventor： Martin J. Apa ,  Joseph Cikalo ,  William L. High ,  Mitchell J. Sparrow

IPC: G01S738

CPC classification number: G01S7/282 ,  G01S7/024 ,  G01S7/38

Abstract: A solid state active aperture high power polarization agile transmitter, either single or dual polarization, employing nonreciprocal antenna elements, designed such that it can be used in an Electronic Warfare system that is more efficient and less expensive. Antenna beam steering is accomplished with variable phase shifters that are used to set the RF signal phase of each element. The beam steering function is implemented with a hardware architecture where the phase shifters are built-in ahead of the power amplifiers such that these low power phase shifters impart phase delays to low power signals without wasting RF signal power and hence improving efficiency. These power transmitter devices are also more reliable, lighter in weight and smaller in size.

Abstract translation: 固态有源孔径高功率极化敏捷发射机，单或双极化，采用非互易天线元件，设计使其可用于电子战系统，其效率更高，成本更低。 天线波束转向由可变移相器实现，用于设置每个元件的RF信号相位。 光束转向功能是以硬件架构实现的，其中移相器内置在功率放大器之前，使得这些低功率移相器将相位延迟赋予低功率信号，而不浪费RF信号功率并因此提高效率。 这些发射机装置也更可靠，重量更轻，尺寸更小。

公开(公告)号：US06492937B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09985297

申请日：2001-11-02

Applicant: Mitchell J. Sparrow ,  Joseph Cikalo

Inventor： Mitchell J. Sparrow ,  Joseph Cikalo

IPC: G01S1308

CPC classification number: G01S13/86 ,  G01S7/38 ,  G01S13/76

Abstract: Electronic Warfare (EW) systems aboard aircrafts are used to protect them from guided missile by denying threat radar systems the ability to track the aircrafts. In a typical operation, a threat radar system transmits RF signals aimed at the target aircraft. The surface of the target reflects a portion of the incident signal back towards the threat radar antenna where the reflected signal is detected, allowing the threat radar system to determine the target's range, angle and velocity. The present invention relates to EW systems that are dependent on measuring the RF phase of a signal transmitted by a target tracking threat radar. The use of the invented technique will make it possible to implement a robust Electronic Counter-Measures (ECM) technique, known as Cross-Eye, using two airborne platforms. The technique is very effective in preventing a threat radar from tracking a target aircraft and guiding a launched missile to the target aircraft.

Abstract translation: 飞机上的电子战（EW）系统用于通过拒绝威胁雷达系统跟踪飞机的能力来保护飞机免受导弹的伤害。 在典型的操作中，威胁雷达系统发射针对目标飞机的射频信号。 目标的表面将入射信号的一部分反射回检测到反射信号的威胁雷达天线，允许威胁雷达系统确定目标的范围，角度和速度。 本发明涉及依赖于测量由目标跟踪威胁雷达发射的信号的RF相位的EW系统。 使用本发明的技术将使得可以使用两个机载平台来实现称为Cross-Eye的强大的电子对抗（ECM）技术。 该技术在防止威胁雷达跟踪目标飞机并将发射的导弹引导到目标飞机方面非常有效。