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1.发明授权Combined characterization and inversion of reservoir parameters from nuclear, NMR and resistivity measurements 失效从核，核磁共振和电阻率测量结合表征和反演储层参数公开(公告)号：US07157915B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-02
申请号：US10757051
申请日：2004-01-14
申请人： Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Daniel Georgi
发明人： Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Daniel Georgi
摘要： A method of determining the distribution of shales, sands and water in a reservoir including laminated shaly sands using vertical and horizontal conductivities derived from nuclear, NMR, and multi-component induction data such as from a Multicomponent Induction Logging Tool
摘要翻译： 使用从核，NMR和多组分诱导数据得到的垂直和水平电导率来确定储层中页岩，砂和水分布的方法，包括层状砂质砂，例如来自多组分诱导测井工具
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2.发明授权Combined characterization and inversion of reservoir parameters from nuclear, NMR and resistivity measurements 失效从核，核磁共振和电阻率测量结合表征和反演储层参数公开(公告)号：US06686736B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-03
申请号：US09928769
申请日：2001-08-13
申请人： Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Daniel Georgi
发明人： Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Daniel Georgi
IPC分类号： G01V300
摘要： The distribution of shales, sands and water in a reservoir including laminated shaly sands using vertical and horizontal conductivities is derived from nuclear, NMR, and multi-component induction data. The multicomponent data are inverted and an estimate of the laminated shale volume from this inversion is compared with an estimate of laminated shale volume from nuclear logs. The bulk water volume determined from the inversion is compared with a bulk irreducible water volume from NMR measurements. NMR data are then used to obtain a sand distribution in the reservoir and this sand distribution is used in a second inversion of the multicomponent data. Alternatively, a bulk permeability measurement is used as a constraint in inverting the properties of the anisotropic sand component of the reservoir. From the resistivities of the sand laminae, empirical relations are used to predict anisotropic reservoir properties of the reservoir.
摘要翻译： 使用垂直和水平电导率的含有层状砂岩的储层中页岩，砂和水的分布来自核，NMR和多组分诱导数据。 将多组分数据反演，并将来自该反演的层压页岩体积的估计与来自核原木的层压页岩体积的估计进行比较。 将从反演确定的体积水体积与NMR测量中的体积不可约水体积进行比较。 然后使用NMR数据来获得储层中的砂分布，并且在多组分数据的第二次反演中使用该砂分布。 或者，体积渗透率测量被用作反转储层的各向异性砂分量的性质的约束。 从砂层的电阻率，经验关系用于预测储层的各向异性储层性质。
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3.发明授权Water saturation and sand fraction determination from borehole resistivity imaging tool, transverse induction logging and a tensorial water saturation model 失效钻井电阻率成像工具，横向感应测井和拉伸水饱和度模型的水饱和度和砂分数测定公开(公告)号：US06711502B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-23
申请号：US10273216
申请日：2002-10-17
申请人： Richard A. Mollison , Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Berthold Kriegshauser , Milomir Pavlovic
发明人： Richard A. Mollison , Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Berthold Kriegshauser , Milomir Pavlovic
IPC分类号： G01V338
摘要： The total porosity of said formation, a fractional volume of the shale, and a resistivity of the shale are determined in a laminated reservoir including sands that may have dispersed shales therein. A tensor petrophysical model determines the laminar shale volume and laminar sand conductivity from vertical and horizontal conductivities derived from multi-component induction log data. The volume of dispersed shale and the total and effective porosities of the laminar sand fraction are determined using a Thomas-Stieber-Juhasz approach. Removal of laminar shale conductivity and porosity effects reduces the laminated shaly sand problem to a single dispersed shaly sand model to which the Waxman-Smits equation can be applied.
摘要翻译： 所述地层的总孔隙率，页岩的分数体积和页岩的电阻率在包括可能在其中具有分散的页岩的砂岩的层叠储层中确定。 张量岩石物理模型确定了来自多分量感应测井数据的垂直和水平电导率的层状页岩体积和层流导电率。 使用Thomas-Stieber-Juhasz方法测定分散页岩的体积和层状砂分数的总有效孔隙度。 去除层状页岩导电率和孔隙率效应将层状砂质砂问题减少到可应用Waxman-Smits方程的单个分散的沙质砂模型。
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4.发明授权Water saturation and sand fraction determination from borehole resistivity imaging tool, transverse induction logging and a tensorial water saturation model 失效钻井电阻率成像工具，横向感应测井和拉伸水饱和度模型的水饱和度和砂分数测定公开(公告)号：US06493632B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-10
申请号：US09474049
申请日：1999-12-28
申请人： Richard A. Mollison , Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Berthold Kriegshauser , Milomir Pavlovic
发明人： Richard A. Mollison , Juergen S. Schoen , Otto N. Fanini , Berthold Kriegshauser , Milomir Pavlovic
IPC分类号： G01V700
摘要： The total porosity of a formation, a fractional volume of the shale, and a resistivity of the shale are determined in a laminated reservoir including sands that may have dispersed shales therein. A tensor petrophysical model determines the laminar shale volume and laminar sand conductivity from vertical and horizontal conductivities derived from multi-component induction log data. The volume of dispersed shale and the total and effective porosities of the laminar sand fraction are determined using a Thomas-Stieber-Juhasz approach. Removal of laminar shale conductivity and porosity effects reduces the laminated shaly sand problem to a single dispersed shaly sand model to which the Waxman-Smits equation can be applied.
摘要翻译： 在包括可能在其中具有分散的页岩的砂岩的层压储层中确定地层的总孔隙率，页岩的分数体积和页岩的电阻率。 张量岩石物理模型确定了来自多分量感应测井数据的垂直和水平电导率的层状页岩体积和层流导电率。 使用Thomas-Stieber-Juhasz方法测定分散页岩的体积和层状砂分数的总有效孔隙度。 去除层状页岩导电率和孔隙率效应将层状砂质砂问题减少到可应用Waxman-Smits方程的单个分散的沙质砂模型。
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公开(公告)号：US09784099B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-10
申请号：US14132510
申请日：2013-12-18
申请人： Amit Anand Kale , Troy A. Falgout , David Burhoe , Ludger E. Heuermann-Kuehn , Richard Yao , Albert A. Alexy , Paul A. Lowson , Thomas Nguyen , Otto N. Fanini
发明人： Amit Anand Kale , Troy A. Falgout , David Burhoe , Ludger E. Heuermann-Kuehn , Richard Yao , Albert A. Alexy , Paul A. Lowson , Thomas Nguyen , Otto N. Fanini
CPC分类号： E21B49/003 , E21B47/124
摘要： A system and method to determine health prognostics for selection and management of a tool for deployment in a downhole environment are described. The system includes a database to store life cycle information of the tool, the life cycle information including environmental and operational parameters associated with use of the tool. The system also includes a memory device to store statistical equations to determine the health prognostics of the tool, and a processor to calibrate the statistical equations and build a time-to-failure model of the tool based on a first portion of the life cycle information in the database.
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6.发明授权Method and apparatus for a multi-component induction instrument measuring system for geosteering and formation resistivity data interpretation in horizontal, vertical and deviated wells 有权用于水平，垂直和偏斜井的地质导向和地层电阻率数据解释的多分量感应仪测量系统的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07268556B2
公开(公告)日：2007-09-11
申请号：US10824093
申请日：2004-04-14
IPC分类号： G01V3/18
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： An improved induction tool for formation resistivity evaluations. The tool provides electromagnetic transmitters and sensors suitable for transmitting and receiving magnetic fields in radial directions that are orthogonal to the tool's longitudinal axis with minimal susceptibility to errors associated with parasitic eddy currents induced in the metal components surrounding the transmitter and receiver coils.Various transmitter receiver combinations are provided to select sensitivity to a desired reservoir formation properties, for example, different orientations xy, xz, yz, 20-40, 20-90, and combinations, such as, Symmetric-symmetric; Asymmetric-symmetric; and Asymmetric-asymmetric. Measurements made with a multi-component logging instrument when used in a substantially horizontal, vertical or deviated borehole in earth formations are diagnostic of the direction of resistive beds relative to the position of the borehole.
摘要翻译： 改进的地层电阻率评估感应工具。 该工具提供电磁发射器和传感器，适用于在与工具的纵向轴线正交的径向方向上发射和接收磁场，对与发射器和接收器线圈周围的金属部件中感应的寄生涡流有关的误差的影响最小。 提供各种发射器接收器组合以选择对期望的储层形成性质的灵敏度，例如不同取向xy，xz，yz，20-40,20-90以及诸如对称对称的组合; 不对称; 和非对称不对称。 使用多组分测井仪器在地层中基本上水平，垂直或偏斜的钻孔中进行的测量是电阻床相对于钻孔位置的方向的诊断。
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7.发明授权METHOD OF DETERMINING VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL RESISTIVITY, AND RELATIVE DIP IN ANISOTROPIC EARTH FORMATIONS HAVING AN ARBITRARY ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ANTENNA COMBINATION AND ORIENTATION WITH ADDITIONAL ROTATION AND POSITION MEASUREMENTS 有权确定垂直和水平电阻率的方法，以及具有静电电磁天线组合的非均匀地球形态的相对DIP和具有附加旋转和位置测量的方位公开(公告)号：US06819111B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10302239
申请日：2002-11-22
IPC分类号： G01V318
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： The invention is a method of determining horizontal and vertical resistivity in an anisotropic formation using a combination of orientable triaxial and array antennae conveyed downhole. Measurements are taken at various azimuthal angles about a measuring device at a given depth. Values at each azimuthal orientation can be fit to a curve to yield information on the surrounding formation. Multiple measurements at a given depth and azimuthal orientation can be weighted to obtain an average value. Values from the curve fitting process are used in subsequent inversion processing and reduce the uncertainty of the inversion processing result. Utilization of a three dimensional geometry enables a unique resolution of the orientation of the principle axis of anisotropy, and consequently of horizontal and vertical resistivity, and dip.
摘要翻译： 本发明是使用在井下传输的可定向三轴和阵列天线的组合来确定各向异性地层中的水平和垂直电阻率的方法。 在给定深度处围绕测量装置以各种方位角进行测量。 每个方位方向的值可以拟合到曲线上，以产生关于周围地层的信息。 在给定的深度和方位取向上的多个测量可以被加权以获得平均值。 曲线拟合过程中的值用于后续反演处理，降低了反演处理结果的不确定度。 利用三维几何能够使得各向异性主轴方向的独特分辨率以及因此的水平和垂直电阻率以及倾角。
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公开(公告)号：US06627873B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09836044
申请日：2001-04-16
申请人： Borislav J. Tchakarov , Rocco DiFoggio , Stanislav W. Forgang , Otto N. Fanini , Marcelo F. Civarolo , James C. Hunziker
发明人： Borislav J. Tchakarov , Rocco DiFoggio , Stanislav W. Forgang , Otto N. Fanini , Marcelo F. Civarolo , James C. Hunziker
IPC分类号： G01V800
CPC分类号： E21B49/08 , G01N21/3504 , G01N21/552 , G01V8/02
摘要： A logging while drilling and wire line system for analyzing the concentration of carbon dioxide or another substance, in a sample down hole in a bore hole. A chamber is filled with a sample that may be fluid, or condensate and gas. The interior chamber volume is selectably expandable for decompression of the sample. The sample may alternately be decompressed by allowing a sample at formation pressure to enter the chamber at a lower pressure, thereby decompressing the sample. A sensor measures the absorbance, transmittance or attenuated total reflectance of the infrared light. Mid and near infrared light is utilized to identify carbon dioxide, water and a plurality of hydrocarbons. A wiper cleans the transmitter and sensor between readings to reduce measurement error caused by fluid sample contamination.
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5999883A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US42982
申请日：1998-03-17
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , E21B2041/0028
摘要： A method for determining an initial estimate of the horizontal conductivity and the vertical conductivity of an anisotropic earth formation. Electromagnetic induction signals induced by induction transmitters oriented along three mutually orthogonal axes are measured. One of the mutually orthogonal axes is substantially parallel to a logging instrument axis. The electromagnetic induction signals are measured using first receivers each having a magnetic moment parallel to one of the orthogonal axes and using second receivers each having a magnetic moment perpendicular to a one of the orthogonal axes which is also perpendicular to the instrument axis. A relative angle of rotation of the perpendicular one of the orthogonal axes is calculated from the receiver signals measured perpendicular to the instrument axis. An intermediate measurement tensor is calculated by rotating magnitudes of the receiver signals through a negative of the angle of rotation. A relative angle of inclination of one of the orthogonal axes which is parallel to the axis of the instrument is calculated, from the rotated magnitudes, with respect to a direction of the vertical conductivity. The rotated magnitudes are rotated through a negative of the angle of inclination. Horizontal conductivity is calculated from the magnitudes of the receiver signals after the second step of rotation. An anisotropy parameter is calculated from the receiver signal magnitudes after the second step of rotation. Vertical conductivity is calculated from the horizontal conductivity and the anisotropy parameter.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确定各向异性地层的水平导电率和垂直导电率的初始估计的方法。 测量由三个相互正交的轴取向的感应发射器引起的电磁感应信号。 相互正交的轴之一基本上平行于测井仪器轴线。 使用第一接收器测量电磁感应信号，每个接收机具有平行于正交轴之一的磁矩，并且使用第二接收器，每个接收器具有垂直于垂直于仪器轴的正交轴之一的磁矩。 从垂直于仪器轴测量的接收机信号计算垂直轴之一的相对旋转角度。 通过将接收机信号的大小旋转通过旋转角度的负值来计算中间测量张量。 相对于垂直导电率的方向，从旋转的大小计算平行于仪器的轴线的正交轴之一的相对倾斜角。 旋转的大小通过倾斜角度的负值旋转。 在第二个旋转步骤之后，根据接收机信号的幅度计算水平电导率。 从第二步旋转后的接收机信号幅度计算各向异性参数。 垂直电导率由水平电导率和各向异性参数计算。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5781436A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US686848
申请日：1996-07-26
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , E21B2041/0028
摘要： A method of measuring the conductivity of earth formations penetrated by a wellbore. The method comprises selectively passing an alternating current through transmitter coils inserted into the wellbore. Each of the transmitter coils has a magnetic moment direction different from the magnetic moment direction of the other ones of the transmitter coils. The alternating current includes a first and a second frequency. The amplitude at the first frequency has a predetermined relationship to the amplitude at the second frequency. The relationship corresponds to the first and the second frequencies. The method includes selectively receiving voltages induced in a receiver coil having a sensitive direction substantially parallel to the axis of the corresponding transmitter coil through which the alternating current is passed. A difference in magnitudes between a component of the received voltage at the first frequency and a component of the voltage at the second frequency is measured, and conductivity is calculated from the difference in magnitudes of the components of the received voltage at the two frequencies. In a preferred embodiment, the step of measuring the difference in magnitudes between the voltage components at the two frequencies includes extracting digital signal samples of the received voltage at predetermined times with respect to a cycle of the transmitter current at the first frequency.
摘要翻译： 测量井眼穿透的地层导电性的方法。 所述方法包括选择性地使交流电流通过插入到井筒中的发射器线圈。 每个发射器线圈具有与其他发射器线圈的磁矩方向不同的磁矩方向。 交流电流包括第一和第二频率。 第一频率处的振幅与第二频率处的振幅具有预定的关系。 该关系对应于第一和第二频率。 该方法包括有选择地接收在接收器线圈中感应的电压，该接收器线圈具有基本上平行于相应发射器线圈的轴线的敏感方向，交流电通过该轴线。 测量第一频率的接收电压的分量与第二频率处的电压分量之间的幅度差，并根据两个频率处的接收电压的分量的大小差来计算导电率。 在优选实施例中，测量两个频率的电压分量之间的幅度差的步骤包括相对于第一频率处的发射机电流的周期，以预定的时间提取接收电压的数字信号样本。
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