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1.发明授权Continuous process for the removal of monomeric impurities from aqueous dispersions of homo- and copolymers of vinyl chloride 失效用于从氯乙烯均聚物和共聚物的水分散体中除去单体杂质的连续方法
公开(公告)号：US4020032A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-26
申请号：US606736
申请日：1975-08-21
申请人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter , Jurgen Beckmann
发明人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter , Jurgen Beckmann
CPC分类号： C08F6/16
摘要： A process for removing residual monomer from an emulsifier-containing aqueous dispersion of a solid vinyl chloride polymer having a surface tension of less than 60 dyne/cm., which comprises continuously admixing the polymer dispersion with steam in a fluid flow pipe under a pressure of 150-600 torr at a flow velocity of 1-20 m./sec., and passing said admixture at an exit velocity of 30-100 m./sec. horizontally into and along the walls of a degasification tank having a pressure 30-200 torr lower than the pressure in said flow pipe to evaporate residual monomer.
摘要翻译： 从具有小于60达因/厘米的表面张力的固体氯乙烯聚合物的含乳化剂的水性分散体中除去残余单体的方法，其包括将聚合物分散体与蒸汽连续混合在流体流动管中，压力为 150-600托，流速为1-20m./sec，并以30-100m./sec的出口速度通过所述混合物。 水平地进入并沿着具有比所述流动管中的压力低30-200乇的脱气罐的壁并沿着其蒸发以蒸发残留的单体。
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2.发明授权Process for the production of high-durometer polymers of vinyl chloride with pH control 失效用于生产具有pH控制的氯乙烯的高硬度聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4184029A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-15
申请号：US724002
申请日：1976-09-16
申请人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter
发明人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter
CPC分类号： C08F14/06
摘要： An improved process for the production of emulsifier-containing vinyl chloride polymers suitable for hard processing, the particle diameter of 90% of which is more than 63 .mu., by polymerization of vinyl chloride and optionally monomers copolymerizable therewith in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of water-soluble catalysts and alkali salts of carboxylic acids as emulsifiers at pH 9.5-11.5 and spray-drying the thus-obtained latex, is characterized by conducting the polymerization in a dispersion containing at least 45% by weight of monomers with sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids of 8-18 carbon atoms as emulsifiers to a conversion of at least 80%, and, during the spray-drying step, reducing the pH to 6.0-8.0.
摘要翻译： 一种用于生产适用于硬加工的含乳化剂的氯乙烯聚合物的改进方法，其90％的粒径大于63μm，通过氯乙烯和任选的可与其共聚的单体在水乳液中聚合，在存在 水溶性催化剂和羧酸碱金属盐作为乳化剂，pH值为9.5-11.5，喷雾干燥得到的胶乳，其特征在于在含有至少45重量％的单体与钠或钾盐的分散体中进行聚合反应 的8-18个碳原子的脂肪酸作为乳化剂，转化率为至少80％，并且在喷雾干燥步骤期间将pH降低至6.0-8.0。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4207412A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-10
申请号：US722400
申请日：1976-09-13
申请人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter
发明人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter
CPC分类号： C08J3/00 , C08J2327/06
摘要： The rheological properties of plastisols of powdered polymerizates produced by polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and a copolymerizable monomer in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of a water-soluble catalyst and an alkali salt of a fatty acid as the polymerization emulsifier and spray drying the resultant polymerizate, are improved by treating the powdered polymerizate with water in a weight ratio of from 1:2 to 1:15 and then drying.
摘要翻译： 在水溶性催化剂和作为聚合乳化剂的脂肪酸碱金属盐的存在下，在水乳液中聚合氯乙烯或氯乙烯和可共聚单体的混合物而制备的粉末聚合物的增塑溶胶的流变性能和喷雾 通过用水重量比为1:2至1:15的水处理粉末聚合物，然后干燥，干燥得到的聚合物。
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4.发明授权Method for preparing synthetic powders based on polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride copolymers containing emulsifiers 失效基于含有乳化剂的聚氯乙烯或氯乙烯共聚物制备合成粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：US3993536A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-23
申请号：US505045
申请日：1974-09-11
CPC分类号： C08J3/122 , C08J2327/06 , Y10S159/10
摘要： The method of preparing synthetic powders containing emulsifiers having good paste qualities by spray-drying polymer dispersions through a two-fluid atomizer having a spray ratio of about 1.6 to 5.0 kg. of spray air for each kg. of dispersion is improved. The polymer dipersions are prepared by emulsifying vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of vinyl chloride monomer and unsaturated polymerizable compounds and polymerizing the monomers to produce polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride. The improvement in paste qualities of the powders is achieved by introducing the spray dried powder into an air jet having a velocity from about 330 to 550 meters per second and having a weight ratio of gas to solids ranging from 1:10 to 5:1.
摘要翻译： 通过喷雾干燥聚合物分散体通过喷雾比为约1.6至5.0kg的双流体雾化器制备含有具有良好浆料质量的乳化剂的合成粉末的方法。 每公斤喷雾空气。 的分散性得到改善。 通过乳化氯乙烯单体或氯乙烯单体和不饱和可聚合化合物的混合物并聚合单体以产生氯乙烯的聚合物和共聚物来制备聚合物浸渍。 通过将喷雾干燥的粉末引入具有约330至550米/秒的速度并具有1:10至5:1的气体与固体的重量比的空气射流来实现粉末的浆料质量的改善。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4218553A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-19
申请号：US867570
申请日：1978-01-06
CPC分类号： C08J9/06 , C08F14/06 , C08J2327/06
摘要： Improved PVC polymers are prepared by an emulsion polymerization process using an emulsifier mixture comprising:(a) 70-30% by weight of an alkyl sulfate of the formula R--OSO.sub.3 Me wherein R is alkyl of 10-18 carbon atoms and Me is Na or K; and(b) correspondingly 30-70% by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of(i) 0-65% by weight of an alkyl ether sulfate of the formula R--(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n --OSO.sub.3 Me wherein n is an integer of 1-5 inclusive and R and Me have the above-indicated values, and(ii) 0-60% by weight of a sodium alkyl sulfonate wherein the alkyl chain is of 10-20 carbon atoms.
摘要翻译： 改进的PVC聚合物通过使用乳化剂混合物的乳液聚合方法制备，所述乳化剂混合物包含：（a）70-30重量％的式R-OSO 3 Me的烷基硫酸盐，其中R是10-18个碳原子的烷基，Me是Na或 K; 和（b）相应地30-70重量％的至少一种选自（i）0-65重量％的式R-（OCH 2 -CH 2）n -OSO 3 Me的烷基醚硫酸盐的组分，其中 n是1-5的整数，R和Me具有上述值，和（ii）0-60重量％的烷基链烷基磺酸烷基酯，其中烷基链是10-20个碳原子。
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6.发明授权Process for production of polymers of vinyl chloride for paste preparation using spray-drying 失效使用喷雾干燥生产用于糊料制备的氯乙烯聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4133947A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-09
申请号：US703232
申请日：1976-07-07
申请人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter , Alfred Kania
发明人： Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter , Alfred Kania
CPC分类号： C08F14/06
摘要： An improved process for the aqueous emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride to be spray-dried and thus form paste-yielding polymers wherein the polymerization is conducted in an emulsion containing at least 45% by weight of monomers together with an emulsifying amount of alkali metal fatty acid salts of 8-18 carbon atoms at a pH of 9.5-11.5, and wherein the pH is reduced to a value between 6 and 7.5 prior to spray-drying or to a value between 4 and 7.5 during the spray-drying step.
摘要翻译： 一种用于待喷雾干燥的氯乙烯的水性乳液聚合的改进方法，从而形成糊状聚合物，其中聚合在含有至少45重量％单体的乳液和乳化量的碱金属脂肪酸 8-18个碳原子的盐，其pH为9.5-11.5，并且其中在喷雾干燥期间将pH降低至6至7.5之间的值或在喷雾干燥步骤期间将pH降低至4至7.5之间的值。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4965328A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-23
申请号：US394455
申请日：1989-08-16
申请人： Burkhard Boeke , Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter
发明人： Burkhard Boeke , Josef Kalka , Hermann Winter
CPC分类号： C08F14/06
摘要： Paste-forming vinyl chloride polymers are prepared using an emulsifier system of:(a) an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a fatty acid, alkylsulfonic acid, alkylarylsulfonic acid or a sulfosuccinic acid ester in quantities of 0.2 to 3.0 by weight with respect to the quantity of monomers,(b) a straight chain or branched C.sub.12 -C.sub.20 alkanol in quantities of 50 to 200% by weight with respect to the amount of surface active agent (a) used,(c) water and optionally,(d) a monomer-soluble catalyst. The emulsifier system is homogenized by means of homogenizing apparatus, and, subsequently is mixed with the monomer. Polymerization ensues. Pastes based on this polymer exhibit low viscosities, a near Newtonian flow behavior and good storage stability.
摘要翻译： 使用以下乳化剂体系制备糊状形成氯乙烯聚合物：（a）脂肪酸，烷基磺酸，烷基芳基磺酸或磺基琥珀酸酯的碱金属或铵盐，相对于 相对于所使用的表面活性剂（a）的量，单体的量，（b）直链或支链C 12 -C 20链烷醇的量为50至200重量％，（c）水和任选的（d）a 单体可溶性催化剂。 乳化剂体系通过均化装置均化，随后与单体混合。 聚合反应。 基于该聚合物的浆料显示出低粘度，近牛顿流动性和良好的储存稳定性。
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公开(公告)号：US5358784A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-25
申请号：US846171
申请日：1992-03-05
IPC分类号： A22C13/00
CPC分类号： A22C13/0013 , A22C2013/003 , A22C2013/0096 , Y10T428/1324 , Y10T428/2839 , Y10T428/31986
摘要： A tubular food casing based on cellulose, which on its inner surface has a coating which comprises lecithin and at least one of alginate, chitosans, and casein, has improved peelability from its contents.
摘要翻译： 基于纤维素的管状食品外壳在其内表面上具有包含卵磷脂和藻酸盐，壳聚糖和酪蛋白中的至少一种的涂层，其内容物具有改善的剥离性。
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公开(公告)号：US4662403A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US636503
申请日：1984-08-01
IPC分类号： A22C13/00 , A23B4/00 , A23B4/14 , A23B4/20 , A23L3/00 , A23L3/34 , A23L3/3517 , B65D65/38 , B65D81/28 , D21H19/10 , D21H19/34 , D21H21/36 , B65B55/00
CPC分类号： B65D81/28 , B65D65/38 , Y10T428/1324
摘要： A tubular or web-shaped casing material resistant to mold fungus comprising cellulose and a fungicidal content of glycerol monolaurate. Alkali metal salts of fatty acids and/or alkyl-, aryl- and/or alkyl-aryl-sulfonates are preferably used as the emulsifier. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing the casing material described above and a fungicidal agent for cellulose casings comprising glycerol monolaurate.
摘要翻译： 一种对包含纤维素和甘油单月桂酸酯的杀真菌含量的霉菌真菌耐受的管状或腹板状外壳材料。 优选使用脂肪酸和/或烷基 - ，芳基 - 和/或烷基 - 芳基磺酸盐的碱金属盐作为乳化剂。 还公开了一种用于制造上述外壳材料的方法和一种包含甘油单月桂酸酯的纤维素壳的杀真菌剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4343013A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-03
申请号：US196408
申请日：1980-10-14
CPC分类号： B41J2/1606
摘要： The nozzle plate of an ink jet print head is made of glass to provide a desirable wetting property for a stable meniscus of the ink column and the front surface of the plate is coated with a non-wetting material such as metal or plastic to prevent ink deposits at the front surface around the orifice. Any ink deposits at such front surface would adversely affect the ejection of ink droplets.
摘要翻译： 喷墨打印头的喷嘴板由玻璃制成，以为油墨柱的稳定的弯液面提供理想的润湿性能，并且该板的前表面涂覆有非润湿材料如金属或塑料以防止油墨 在孔周围的前表面沉积。 在这种前表面处的任何墨水沉积将不利地影响墨滴的喷射。
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