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公开(公告)号：US09651628B2
公开(公告)日：2017-05-16
申请号：US14798147
申请日：2015-07-13
申请人： Apple Inc.
CPC分类号： G01R31/3679 , G01R19/0069 , G01R19/165 , G01R21/06 , G01R31/3606 , G01R31/361 , G01R31/362 , G01R31/3624 , G01R31/3648 , G01R31/3651 , H02J7/0052 , H02J7/007 , Y02E60/122
摘要： Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that accurately and reliably updates a full charge capacity of a battery. During operation, the system charges the battery from an initial state to a rest point prior to reaching a fully charged state. The system then interrupts the charging process to allow the battery to relax to a resting voltage. Next, the system measures the resting voltage. The system then resumes the charging process toward the fully charged state. The system subsequently estimates the capacity of the battery based on the measured resting voltage and one or more other parameters.
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140257724A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-11
申请号：US13791328
申请日：2013-03-08
申请人： APPLE INC.
IPC分类号： G01R31/36
CPC分类号： G01R31/362 , G01R31/361 , G01R31/3651 , H01M10/48 , H01M2220/30 , H02J7/0047
摘要： A system for tracking the capacity of a battery in a portable electronic device is described. While the portable electronic device remains plugged in to a power adapter, the system estimates the capacity of the battery by performing the following operations. The system measures a first open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at a first state of charge. Next, the system causes the battery to transition to a second state of charge. While the battery transitions to the second state of charge, the system integrates a current through the battery to determine a net change in charge for the battery. Next, the system measures a second open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at the second state of charge. Finally, the system estimates a capacity for the battery based on the first open-circuit voltage, the second open-circuit voltage and the net change in charge. This capacity measurement is repeated and the multiple results are fit to a line. The slope of fitted line is then used to estimate how the true battery capacity has faded since last measured using traditional methods that require the battery to be rested at a low state of charge.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于跟踪便携式电子设备中的电池的容量的系统。 当便携式电子设备保持插入电源适配器时，系统通过执行以下操作来估计电池的容量。 当电池处于第一充电状态时，系统测量电池的第一开路电压。 接下来，系统使电池转换到第二充电状态。 当电池转换到第二充电状态时，系统将通过电池的电流进行积分，以确定电池的充电净变化。 接下来，当电池处于第二充电状态时，系统测量电池的第二开路电压。 最后，系统基于第一开路电压，第二开路电压和电荷的净变化来估计电池的容量。 重复此容量测量，并将多个结果适合于一条线。 然后，使用拟合线的斜率来估计最后使用要求电池在低电荷状态下休息的传统方法测量的真实电池容量是否褪色。
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3.发明授权Estimating state of charge (SOC) and uncertainty from relaxing voltage measurements in a battery 有权从电池中的松弛电压测量中估算充电状态（SOC）和不确定性公开(公告)号：US09128162B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-08
申请号：US13622852
申请日：2012-09-19
申请人： Apple Inc.
IPC分类号： G01R31/36 , H01M10/48 , H01M10/42 , H01M10/0525
CPC分类号： G01R31/362 , G01R31/3634 , G01R31/3648 , G01R31/3651 , G01R31/3679 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/4285 , H01M10/48
摘要： Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that estimates a state of charge for a battery. During operation, while the battery is relaxing toward a fully rested state, the system determines if a modified state of charge of the battery is substantially consistent with a predetermined decay pattern. If so, the system estimates the state of charge of the battery as a value of the modified state of charge determined at the time when the consistency is observed. Otherwise, the system continues monitoring the modified state of charge of the battery. In one embodiment, the predetermined decay pattern is a single exponential decay. After estimating the state of charge of the battery, the system may determine an uncertainty of the estimated state of charge. More specifically, the system can estimate the uncertainty as substantially equal to a fraction of the difference between the value of the modified state of charge and the value of the voltage-based state of charge at the time when the consistency is observed.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例提供一种估计电池的充电状态的系统。 在操作期间，当电池正在朝着完全静止状态放松时，系统确定电池的修改的充电状态是否与预定的衰减模式大致一致。 如果是这样，系统将电池的充电状态估计为在观察到一致性时确定的充电状态的值。 否则，系统继续监视电池的修改充电状态。 在一个实施例中，预定衰减模式是单指数衰减。 在估计电池的充电状态之后，系统可以确定估计的充电状态的不确定性。 更具体地，系统可以将不确定度估计为基本上等于修正充电状态的值与观察到一致性时的基于电压的充电状态的值之间的差的一小部分。
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150236383A1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-20
申请号：US14184167
申请日：2014-02-19
申请人： Apple Inc.
IPC分类号： H01M10/42
CPC分类号： H01M10/48 , G01R31/361 , G01R31/3651 , G01R31/3675 , H01M2010/4271 , H01M2220/30
摘要： The disclosed embodiments provide a system that manages use of a battery in a portable electronic device. During operation, the system obtains a voltage of the battery and a state-of-charge of the battery and calculates an effective C-rate of the battery using the voltage and the state-of-charge. Next, the system uses the effective C-rate to estimate an inaccessible capacity of the battery. Finally, the system manages use of the battery with the portable electronic device based on the inaccessible capacity.
摘要翻译： 所公开的实施例提供一种管理便携式电子设备中的电池的使用的系统。 在操作期间，系统获得电池的电压和电池的充电状态，并且使用电压和充电状态来计算电池的有效C率。 接下来，系统使用有效的C速率来估计电池的不可接近的容量。 最后，该系统基于不可访问的容量来管理电池与便携式电子设备的使用。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140247270A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-04
申请号：US14276190
申请日：2014-05-13
申请人： Apple Inc.
发明人： Binu Mathew , William C. Athas , Nils E. Mattisson
IPC分类号： G09G5/399
摘要： The disclosed embodiments provide a system that facilitates driving a display in a computer system. During operation, the system receives an input video stream from a graphics source, wherein the input video stream comprises a sequence of video frames. Next, the system directs the input video stream through a set of two or more memory buffers including a front buffer and a back buffer to produce an output video stream, which is used to drive the display. While directing the input video stream through the set of memory buffers, the system writes a video frame from the input video stream into the back buffer, and concurrently drives the output video stream from a preceding video frame in the front buffer. When the writing of the video frame completes, the system switches buffers so that the back buffer becomes the front buffer, which drives the output video stream, and the front buffer becomes either a spare buffer or the back buffer, which receives a subsequent frame from the input video stream.
摘要翻译： 所公开的实施例提供了有助于驱动计算机系统中的显示器的系统。 在操作期间，系统从图形源接收输入视频流，其中输入视频流包括一系列视频帧。 接下来，系统通过一组包括前缓冲器和后缓冲器的两个或多个存储器缓冲器来引导输入视频流，以产生用于驱动显示器的输出视频流。 在将输入视频流引导通过该组存储器缓冲器的同时，系统将视频帧从输入视频流写入后缓冲器，同时从前缓冲器中的前一视频帧驱动输出视频流。 当视频帧的写入完成时，系统切换缓冲器，使得后缓冲器变为前缓冲器，其驱动输出视频流，并且前缓冲器变为备用缓冲器或后缓冲器，后缓冲器从后缓冲器接收后续帧 输入视频流。
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公开(公告)号：US20170146605A1
公开(公告)日：2017-05-25
申请号：US15336398
申请日：2016-10-27
申请人： Apple Inc.
CPC分类号： G01R31/3842 , G01R31/367 , G01R31/3828 , H01M10/48 , H01M2220/30 , H02J7/0047
摘要： A system for tracking the capacity of a battery in a portable electronic device is described. While the portable electronic device remains plugged in to a power adapter, the system estimates the capacity of the battery by performing the following operations. The system measures a first open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at a first state of charge. Next, the system causes the battery to transition to a second state of charge. While the battery transitions to the second state of charge, the system integrates a current through the battery to determine a net change in charge for the battery. Next, the system measures a second open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at the second state of charge. Finally, the system estimates a capacity for the battery based on the first open-circuit voltage, the second open-circuit voltage and the net change in charge. This capacity measurement is repeated and the multiple results are fit to a line. The slope of fitted line is then used to estimate how the true battery capacity has faded since last measured using traditional methods that require the battery to be rested at a low state of charge.
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7.发明授权Estimating state of charge (SOC) and uncertainty from relaxing voltage measurements in a battery 有权从电池中的松弛电压测量中估算充电状态（SOC）和不确定性公开(公告)号：US09594122B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-14
申请号：US14841095
申请日：2015-08-31
申请人： Apple Inc.
IPC分类号： G01R31/36 , H01M10/48 , H01M10/42 , H01M10/0525
CPC分类号： G01R31/362 , G01R31/3634 , G01R31/3648 , G01R31/3651 , G01R31/3679 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/4285 , H01M10/48
摘要： Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that estimates a state of charge for a battery. During operation, while the battery is relaxing toward a fully rested state, the system determines if a modified state of charge of the battery is substantially consistent with a predetermined decay pattern. If so, the system estimates the state of charge of the battery as a value of the modified state of charge determined at the time when the consistency is observed. Otherwise, the system continues monitoring the modified state of charge of the battery. In one embodiment, the predetermined decay pattern is a single exponential decay. After estimating the state of charge of the battery, the system may determine an uncertainty of the estimated state of charge. More specifically, the system can estimate the uncertainty as substantially equal to a fraction of the difference between the value of the modified state of charge and the value of the voltage-based state of charge at the time when the consistency is observed.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例提供一种估计电池的充电状态的系统。 在操作期间，当电池正在朝着完全静止状态放松时，系统确定电池的修改的充电状态是否与预定的衰减模式大致一致。 如果是这样，系统将电池的充电状态估计为在观察到一致性时确定的充电状态的值。 否则，系统继续监视电池的修改充电状态。 在一个实施例中，预定衰减模式是单指数衰减。 在估计电池的充电状态之后，系统可以确定估计的充电状态的不确定性。 更具体地，系统可以将不确定度估计为基本上等于修正充电状态的值与观察到一致性时的基于电压的充电状态的值之间的差的一小部分。
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8.发明授权Tracking fading battery capacity in a plugged-in portable electronic device 有权跟踪在插入式便携式电子设备中的衰落电池容量公开(公告)号：US09506987B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-29
申请号：US13791328
申请日：2013-03-08
申请人： Apple Inc.
IPC分类号： G01R31/36
CPC分类号： G01R31/362 , G01R31/361 , G01R31/3651 , H01M10/48 , H01M2220/30 , H02J7/0047
摘要： A system for tracking the capacity of a battery in a portable electronic device is described. While plugged in-to a power adapter, the system measures a first open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at a first state of charge. Next, the system causes the battery to transition to a second state of charge. During the transition, the system integrates a current through the battery to determine a net change in charge. Next, the system measures a second open-circuit voltage while the battery rests at the second state of charge. Finally, the system estimates a capacity for the battery based on the first and second open-circuit voltages and the net change in charge. This capacity measurement is repeated and the multiple results are fitted to a line. The slope of fitted line is used to estimate how the battery capacity has faded since last measured using traditional techniques.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于跟踪便携式电子设备中的电池的容量的系统。 当插入电源适配器时，系统测量电池的第一个开路电压，而电池则处于第一个充电状态。 接下来，系统使电池转换到第二充电状态。 在过渡期间，系统集成了通过电池的电流，以确定电量的净变化。 接下来，当电池处于第二充电状态时，系统测量第二开路电压。 最后，系统基于第一和第二开路电压和电荷的净变化来估计电池的容量。 重复该容量测量，并将多个结果拟合到一条线上。 拟合线的斜率用于估计上次使用传统技术测量电池容量是否褪色。
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公开(公告)号：US20160011273A1
公开(公告)日：2016-01-14
申请号：US14798147
申请日：2015-07-13
申请人： Apple Inc.
CPC分类号： G01R31/3679 , G01R19/0069 , G01R19/165 , G01R21/06 , G01R31/3606 , G01R31/361 , G01R31/362 , G01R31/3624 , G01R31/3648 , G01R31/3651 , H02J7/0052 , H02J7/007 , Y02E60/122
摘要： Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that accurately and reliably updates a full charge capacity of a battery. During operation, the system charges the battery from an initial state to a rest point prior to reaching a fully charged state. The system then interrupts the charging process to allow the battery to relax to a resting voltage. Next, the system measures the resting voltage. The system then resumes the charging process toward the fully charged state. The system subsequently estimates the capacity of the battery based on the measured resting voltage and one or more other parameters.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例提供了一种能够准确且可靠地更新电池的完全充电容量的系统。 在操作期间，系统在达到完全充电状态之前将电池从初始状态充电到静止点。 然后系统中断充电过程以允许电池放松至静止电压。 接下来，系统测量静止电压。 然后，系统恢复到充满电状态的充电过程。 系统随后基于测量的静止电压和一个或多个其他参数来估计电池的容量。
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公开(公告)号：US10401435B2
公开(公告)日：2019-09-03
申请号：US15336398
申请日：2016-10-27
申请人： Apple Inc.
IPC分类号： G01R31/3842 , H02J7/00 , H01M10/48 , G01R31/367 , G01R31/3828
摘要： A system for tracking the capacity of a battery in a portable electronic device is described. While the portable electronic device remains plugged in to a power adapter, the system estimates the capacity of the battery by performing the following operations. The system measures a first open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at a first state of charge. Next, the system causes the battery to transition to a second state of charge. While the battery transitions to the second state of charge, the system integrates a current through the battery to determine a net change in charge for the battery. Next, the system measures a second open-circuit voltage for the battery while the battery rests at the second state of charge. Finally, the system estimates a capacity for the battery based on the first open-circuit voltage, the second open-circuit voltage and the net change in charge. This capacity measurement is repeated and the multiple results are fit to a line. The slope of fitted line is then used to estimate how the true battery capacity has faded since last measured using traditional methods that require the battery to be rested at a low state of charge.
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