公开(公告)号：US5801820A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-01

申请号：US618181

申请日：1996-03-19

申请人： Stephen Robert Bysouth ,  Victor Pak-Ling Tong

发明人： Stephen Robert Bysouth ,  Victor Pak-Ling Tong

IPC分类号： G01N35/08 ,  G01N1/00

CPC分类号： G01N35/085

摘要： The invention relates to methods and apparatus for precise dilution of concentrated samples enabling their spectra to be obtained. The spectra thus obtained may then be used for calculation of the aromatic hydrocarbon content in the concentrated samples. This invention comprises an arrangement of computer-controlled pumps, an injection valve, a mixing chamber, a flow cell (these components are known as "the manifold") and a scanning spectrophotometer, with a sophisticated computational software program. The arrangement generates a reproducible, well-defined gradient from a concentrated sample which is continuously scanned and, using the computational software, allows the spectrum of the sample to be derived, even where the majority of the spectrum for the undiluted sample has an absorbance greater than the upper measurable limit of the spectrophotometer. All of the methods described in prior art publications differ from the present invention by their reliance on calibration (the adjustment of factors used, by comparing spectral data for a standard with its reference data) or characterization (measurement of the characteristics of the system, e.g., flowrate and mixing volume, and inclusion of these values in the calculation) of the systems for defining dilution factors, due to measurement of a single species/wavelength. The present invention requires no calibration/characterization for single species measurement since multiparameters (absorbance at many wavelengths) are monitored or conversely, can be used to obtain spectra of highly concentrated samples and therefore determine multiple species. None of the previous systems were used to obtain spectra per se.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于精确稀释浓缩样品的方法和装置，使得能够获得其光谱。 然后可以将由此获得的光谱用于计算浓缩样品中的芳族烃含量。 本发明包括计算机控制的泵，喷射阀，混合室，流动池（这些部件被称为“歧管”）和扫描分光光度计的装置，具有复杂的计算软件程序。 该装置从连续扫描的浓缩样品中产生可重复的，明确定义的梯度，并且使用计算软件允许衍生样品的光谱，即使未稀释样品的大部分光谱具有更大的吸光度 比分光光度计的上限可测量。 现有技术出版物中描述的所有方法与本发明不同，它们依赖于校准（通过比较所使用因子的调整，通过比较标准的光谱数据及其参考数据）或表征（系统的特性的测量，例如 ，流量和混合体积，以及计算中包含这些值）用于定义稀释因子的系统，由于单个物质/波长的测量。 本发明不需要对单种物种测量进行校准/表征，因为多参数（许多波长处的吸光度）被监测，或者相反地，可以用于获得高度浓缩的样品的光谱，因此确定多种物质。 以前的系统都没有用于获得光谱本身。