摘要:
A toner composition includes resin core particles having outer surfaces, and surface treatment, wherein the surface treatment includes at least first metal oxide particles having a surface area equivalent average particle diameter of greater than 25 nm and a surface energy of less than 28 erg/cm2, as determined by methanol wettability midpoint at 22° C., tacked to the outer surfaces of the resin core particles, at a concentration to provide a total projected area of the first metal oxide particles sufficient to cover at least 10% of the resin core particle outer surfaces area, and wherein the toner composition comprises less than 0.013 g non-tacked surface treatment per square meter of resin core particles outer surface. A developer for developing electrostatic images includes magnetic carrier particles and toner as described above, wherein the developer comprises less than 0.013 g non-tacked surface treatment per square meter of resin core particles outer surface, that is free to transfer between the outer surface of the resin core particles and outer surfaces of the magnetic carrier particles.
摘要:
A cleaning brush for use in an electrostatographic imaging apparatus, including a plurality of individual electrically conductive fibers secured to a brush core and having fiber tips relatively remote from the brush core, wherein the cleaning brush includes an electrically conductive plane at a surface of the brush core, or between a surface of the brush core and the electrically conductive fibers, effective for inducing an electrical potential to the conductive fibers when an electrical potential is applied to the electrically conductive plane, and at least one of a relatively non-conductive layer electrically insulating the conductive plane from the conductive fibers, or electrically insulating coatings on tips of the electrically conductive fibers remote from the brush core. The insulative, or non-conductive, layer between the fibers and the conductive plane of the brush prevent excessive current draw.
摘要:
Controlling the charge on toner in a development station of an electrographic reproduction apparatus, wherein data relative to latent image charge carrying member voltage and image density control patches are sensed and development potential to achieve an aim density is calculated therefrom. A delta from an optimum development potential range is calculated, and in response to the determined delta, an amount of liquid charge control agent, from a supply of suitable liquid charge control agent, necessary to be added to the developer material in the development station to bring the toner to substantially a charge level that will enable a desired optimum developer potential is calculated. The calculated amount of liquid charge control agent is then injected directly into the development station.
摘要:
A method of producing a custom color particulate toner for use in a two-component developer by mixing two or more component color toners. The component color toners are each surface treated with a blend of two or more types of silica particles, which differ in the functional groups appended to them. The silica blend for each component color toner is chosen so that, when the component color toners are mixed together to form the custom color mixture, they will all tribocharge to the same charge-to-mass ratio when mixed with a carrier to form a developer.
摘要:
The invention relates to a developer for developing electrostatic images. The developer includes magnetic carrier particles at a loading of from 60 to 99 weight percent of the developer. Toner particles are at a loading of 1 to 40 weight percent of the developer. The toner particles include a resin core particle having an outer surface and 0.05 to 5 weight percent a first metal oxide powder is substantially fixed to the outer surface. The toner particles further include 0.05 to 2 weight percent of a second metal oxide powder that is substantially free to transfer between outer surface of the toner particles and an outer surface of the magnetic carrier surface.
摘要:
A process for forming a particulate yellow toner for the development of latent electrostatographic latent images comprises: combining dry Pigment Yellow 185 (P.Y. 185) and a first thermoplastic polymer under conditions effective to form a predispersion of P.Y. 185 in the polymer, and combining the predispersion with a second thermoplastic polymer under conditions effective to form a yellow toner composition, from which is formed yellow toner particles.
摘要:
There is provided a toner composition, useful in electrostatographic processes, comprising a polymeric binder and a charge-control agent having the general structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbons; cyano; cycloalkyl containing from 3 to 18 carbons; unsubstituted aromatic ring systems; aromatic ring systems substituted with one or more alkyl, halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxy, carboalkoxy, amino, dialkylamino, acyl, trihalomethyl or alkysulfonyl; and heteroaromatic ring systems; said ring systems having a solitary ring or 2 to 3 linked or fused rings, and containing from 3 to 34 carbons; alkanoyl; alkoxycarbonyl; aminocarbonyl; alkylaminocarbonyl; aralkylaminocarbonyl; alkylsulfonyl; aroyl; aryloxycarbonyl; arylaminocarbonyl; arylsulfonyl; or aroyl, aryloxycarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, aralkylaminocarbonyl or arylsulfonyl substituted with one or more alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxy, carboalkoxy, nitro, halo, cyano, amino, dialkylamino, acyl, trihalomethyl or alkylsulfonyl; and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which can be the same or different, are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbons; cycloalkyl containing from 3 to 18 carbons; unsubstituted aromatic ring systems; or aromatic ring systems substituted with one or more alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxy, carboalkoxy, nitro, halo, cyano, amino, dialkylamino, acyl, trihalomethyl or alkylsulfonyl; heteroaromatic ring systems; said ring systems having a solitary ring or 2 to 3 linked or fused rings, and containing from 3 to 34 carbons; and R.sup.3 may also be ethenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbons or aryl containing from 5 to 10 carbons or aryl substituted with alkyl, hydroxy, carboxy, carboalkoxy, nitro, halo, cyano, amino, dialkylamino, acyl, trihalomethyl, or alkylsulfonyl. The described charge control agents are negative charge control agents and are essentially colorless making them particularly useful in toner compositions for color electrophotography.
摘要:
An electrostatic image on an image member already containing a loose dry first toner image is toned with a second toner, for example, a toner of a second and different color from the first toner image. The toning is accomplished by a developer having a high coercivity permanently magnetized carrier and toner which is moved through a development zone by a rapidly rotating core inside a sleeve on which the developer moves. Pole transitions caused by the rapidly moving core make the high coercivity permanently magnetized carrier move vigorously in a wave motion having alternating crests and troughs. Scavenging of the first toner image is prevented by separating the sleeve from the image member sufficiently that the crests of the developer do not touch the image member during the toning process. An alternating electrical field is applied between the sleeve and the image member to enhance development.
摘要:
An electrophotographic toner having polymeric binder and a charge control agent selected from the group consisting of sulfonamides having the general structure: ##STR1## and metal salts thereof. T.sup.1 is independently selected from H, alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbons, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 18 carbons, and aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems having a solitary ring or 2 to 3 linked or fused rings. R.sup.1 is O, S, N--H, N--R.sup.5, or N--L--R.sup.5 ; where L is a linking group selected from: ##STR2## and R.sup.5 is independently selected from alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbons, cycloalkyl having from 3 to 18 carbons, and aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems having a solitary ring or 2 to 3 linked or fused rings. L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently a direct link or divalent alkyl or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 20 carbons. R.sup.a and R.sup.b are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F and ring systems having a solitary ring or from 2 to 3 fused or linked rings, said ring system having from 3 to 34 carbons, including carbons of substituent groups. If L.sup.1 is a direct link, R.sup.a is a ring system and if L.sup.2 is a direct link, R.sup.b is a ring system.
摘要翻译:具有聚合物粘合剂和电荷控制剂的电子照相调色剂,其选自具有以下通式结构的磺酰胺及其金属盐。 T 1独立地选自H,具有1至20个碳的烷基,具有3至18个碳的环烷基,以及具有孤立环或2至3个连接或稠环的芳族和杂芳族环系。 R1是O,S,N-H,N-R5或N-L-R5; 其中L是选自以下的连接基团:R 1和R 2独立地选自具有1至20个碳的烷基,具有3至18个碳原子的环烷基,以及具有单环或2至3个连接的或 稠环。 L1和L2各自独立地为直接键或具有1至20个碳的二价烷基或氟代烷基。 R a和R b各自独立地选自H,F和具有孤立环的环系统或2至3个稠合或连接的环,所述环系具有3至34个碳,包括取代基的碳。 如果L1是直接链路,则Ra是环系统,如果L2是直接链路,则Rb是环系统。
摘要:
A two component development system includes developer with charged toner particles and oppositely charged carrier particles having high coercivity and permanent magnetism. The developer is moved through a development zone on a shell and into contact with an image member carrying an electrostatic image by rapidly rotating a magnetic core within the shell. The core has alternating magnetic poles around its periphery. To prevent carryout of carrier on the image member, an AC bias is impressed across the development zone.