Polarographic oxygen concentration sensor and method of determining
oxygen content in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
    1.
    发明授权
    Polarographic oxygen concentration sensor and method of determining oxygen content in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine 失效
    极谱氧浓度传感器和确定内燃机废气中的氧含量的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4356065A

    公开(公告)日:1982-10-26

    申请号:US213049

    申请日:1980-12-04

    申请人: Hermann Dietz

    发明人: Hermann Dietz

    CPC分类号: G01N27/4075 F02B1/04

    摘要: A solid electrolyte is sandwiched between a measuring electrode exposed to the gas and a reference electrode exposed to a reference gas of known oxygen level, and a cover, for example in form of a layer or a cap, is applied over the measuring electrode. To linearize output from the sensor over a wide range of oxygen partial pressure in a gas so that, upon applying a voltage across the electrodes thereof, current flow will be representative of the oxygen concentration in the gas, the cover consists of a material having a predetermined diffusion resistance to oxygen while essentially inhibiting convection of gases to the electrode and limiting the quantity of oxygen reaching the measuring electrode to that value at which any oxygen molecules reaching the measuring electrode will be immediately converted by electrode reaction, thus inhibiting current flow through the sensor due to diffusion of gases and preventing that the current through the sensor will be determined by the activating energy of the charge penetration through the phase separation at the electrode surface.

    摘要翻译: 将固体电解质夹在暴露于气体的测量电极和暴露于已知氧含量的参考气体的参比电极之间,并将覆盖物例如层或盖的形式施加到测量电极上。 为了在气体中的宽范围的氧分压线性化传感器的输出,使得当在其电极上施加电压时,电流将代表气体中的氧浓度,盖由具有 预定的对氧气的扩散阻力,同时基本上抑制气体对电极的对流,并将到达测量电极的氧气量限制在达到测量电极的任何氧分子将被电极反应立即转换的值,从而抑制电流流经 传感器由于气体的扩散并且阻止通过传感器的电流将由通过电极表面处的相分离的电荷穿透的活化能确定。

    Method and circuit arrangement for acutating a measuring sensor to
determine an oxygen concentration in a gas mixture
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and circuit arrangement for acutating a measuring sensor to determine an oxygen concentration in a gas mixture 失效
    用于对测量传感器进行补偿以确定气体混合物中的氧气浓度的方法和电路装置

    公开(公告)号:US5849175A

    公开(公告)日:1998-12-15

    申请号:US809569

    申请日:1997-03-24

    CPC分类号: G01N27/419 G01N27/4065

    摘要: The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for actuating a measuring sensor for determining an oxygen concentration in a gas mixture, particularly in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, wherein a detector voltage corresponding to the oxygen concentration and supplied by a reference probe is transferred into a pump voltage for a measuring probe by a circuit arrangement. It is provided that a curve of the detector voltage (U.sub.D) is used directly for determining the curve of the pump voltage (U.sub.P), with a first input (38) of the circuit arrangement (36) being connected to a first input (46) of an adder (48) at whose second input (50) an add voltage is applied and whose output (54) is connected to the second input (40) of the circuit arrangement (36) via an amplifier (58).

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01181 Sec。 371日期1997年3月24日 102(e)1997年3月24日PCT PCT 1995年9月1日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 09536 日期:1996年3月28日本发明涉及一种用于致动测量传感器以确定气体混合物,特别是内燃机排气中的氧气浓度的方法和电路装置,其中检测器电压对应于氧浓度并提供 通过参考探头通过电路布置被传送到用于测量探针的泵电压。 提供了检测器电压(UD)的曲线直接用于确定泵电压(UP)的曲线,其中电路装置(36)的第一输入端(38)连接到第一输入端(46) ),其第二输入端(50)施加相加电压,并且其输出端(54)经由放大器(58)连接到电路装置(36)的第二输入端(40)。

    Measuring sensor for determining the oxygen content of gas mixtures
    3.
    发明授权
    Measuring sensor for determining the oxygen content of gas mixtures 失效
    用于测定气体混合物氧含量的测量传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5702580A

    公开(公告)日:1997-12-30

    申请号:US617873

    申请日:1996-03-21

    CPC分类号: G01N27/417

    摘要: A measuring sensor for determining oxygen content in a gas mixture including exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, includes a base substrate which is comprised of a base material and which is electrically insulating; and an electrochemical measuring probe and an electrochemical reference probe arranged separate from each other on the base substrate. The measuring probe includes at least one internal electrode; at least one solid electrolyte island; and at least one external electrode. The measuring probe additionally includes a diffusion barrier. Further base material layers composed of the base material are provided so as to embed at least the diffusion barrier, the at least one internal electrodes for the measuring probe and the internal electrode for the reference probe. A diffusion hole is defined between the measuring probe and the reference probe which extends from the base substrate through the diffusion barrier and respective base material layers, and out to the gas mixture to be measured. Thermal stress and the accompanying tendency to cracking is reduced by providing the solid electrolyte as islands. Separate disposition of the measuring probe and the reference probe, i.e., without a common electrode, permits construction as individual layers using, for example, screen printing.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01305 Sec。 371日期1996年3月21日 102(e)日期1996年3月21日PCT提交1995年9月22日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 11394 日期1996年04月18日用于测定包括内燃机废气的气体混合物中的氧含量的测量传感器包括由基材构成并且是电绝缘的基底, 以及在基底基板上彼此分离设置的电化学测量探针和电化学参考探针。 测量探头包括至少一个内部电极; 至少一个固体电解质岛; 和至少一个外部电极。 测量探头还包括扩散阻挡层。 提供由基材构成的其他基材层,以便至少嵌入扩散阻挡层,至少一个用于测量探针的内部电极和用于参考探针的内部电极。 在测量探针和参考探针之间限定了扩散孔,该探针从基底基底通过扩散阻挡层和相应的基底层层延伸出来,并且进入待测量的气体混合物。 通过提供固体电解质作为岛来减少热应力和伴随的开裂倾向。 测量探针和参考探针的单独布置,即没有公共电极,可以使用例如丝网印刷将结构设计为单独的层。

    Sensor arrangement for determining gas components and/or gas
concentrations of gas mixtures
    4.
    发明授权
    Sensor arrangement for determining gas components and/or gas concentrations of gas mixtures 失效
    用于确定气体组分和/或气体混合物气体浓度的传感器装置

    公开(公告)号:US5505837A

    公开(公告)日:1996-04-09

    申请号:US290704

    申请日:1994-12-12

    CPC分类号: G01N27/419

    摘要: A sensor arrangement for determining at least one of gas components and gas concentrations of gas mixtures including CO, NO.sub.x and HC in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, includes a measuring element which has a sensitive region; and a pump cell that includes a solid electrolyte and inner and outer pump electrodes which are opposingly disposed at least on the solid electrolyte and which effect an oxygen transfer to the measuring element, wherein the pump cell and the measuring element are spatially separated from one another, are located in different temperature zones during operation of the sensor arrangement, and are connected to one another by a diffusion segment through which oxygen can diffuse from the pump cell to the measuring element.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00289 Sec。 371日期1994年12月12日第 102(e)日期1994年12月12日PCT 1994年3月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 24550 PCT 日期:1994年10月27日。一种用于确定内燃机废气中的CO,NO x和HC气体混合气体组分和气体浓度中的至少一种的传感器装置,包括具有敏感区域的测量元件; 以及泵电池,其包括固体电解质和内部和外部泵电极,所述内部和外部泵电极相对设置在至少在所述固体电解质上并且对所述测量元件进行氧传递,其中所述泵浦单元和所述测量元件在空间上彼此分离 位于传感器装置的操作期间的不同温度区域中,并且通过扩散段彼此连接,通过该扩散段,氧气可以从泵电池扩散到测量元件。

    Sensor element for an oxygen limiting current probe in order to
determine the .lambda. value of gas mixtures
    5.
    发明授权
    Sensor element for an oxygen limiting current probe in order to determine the .lambda. value of gas mixtures 失效
    用于氧气限制电流探头的传感器元件,以确定气体混合物的λ值

    公开(公告)号:US5302275A

    公开(公告)日:1994-04-12

    申请号:US934489

    申请日:1992-09-14

    CPC分类号: G01N27/417 G01N27/4072

    摘要: A sensor element is proposed for an oxygen limiting current probe for the determination of the .lambda. value of gas mixtures, particularly the exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines, whose oxygen supply is provided by a short-circuit cell disposed upstream of the pumping cell of the sensor element. In this way the CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O transverse sensitivity of the sensor element is made ineffective. In order to obtain at the pumping cell a limiting current that is a linear function of the O.sub.2 partial pressure, a diffusion barrier must additionally be disposed between the short-circuit cell and the pumping cell.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00166 Sec。 371日期:1992年9月14日 102(e)日期1992年9月14日PCT 1991年2月27日提交PCT公布。 WO91 / 14174 PCT出版物 日期为1991年9月19日。为了确定气体混合物(特别是内燃机的废气)的(λ)值,提出了一种用于氧气限制电流探针的传感器元件,其内燃机的氧气供应由短路 设置在传感器元件的泵浦单元的上游的电路单元。 以这种方式,传感器元件的CO2和H2O横向灵敏度无效。 为了在泵浦单元处获得作为O 2分压的线性函数的极限电流,扩散势垒必须另外设置在短路单元和泵浦单元之间。

    Method for monitoring operation of a current-limiting type gas sensor
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for monitoring operation of a current-limiting type gas sensor 失效
    用于监测限流型气体传感器的操作的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4532013A

    公开(公告)日:1985-07-30

    申请号:US357622

    申请日:1982-03-12

    摘要: To permit calibrating and testing a current-limiting sensor in situ, the sensor is exposed, from time to time, to ambient air forming a standard gas, and the output thereof compared with a standard, for example by connecting a resistor (4) of standard value in circuit therewith or for recalling from a memory (23) in a microcomputer (22) standard conditions; upon determination of a deviation between output from the sensor (2) when exposed to the standard gas--typically air--and the theoretical value as stored, the theoretical or reference value is reset if the deviation is within a predetermined limit or, otherwise, an alarm output is provided. The tolerance limits can be set in such a way that a first alarm output is provided in a narrow tolerance, thus indicating drift of the sensor toward eventual malfunction, and permitting utilization of the sensor for long lifetime, while providing advance warning of imminent failure. Change of applied voltage to the sensor and test for current therethrough can then derive an actual operating curve which can be compared with stored test curves in the memory from which, upon extrapolation, a tendency to failure can be predicted and recognized.

    摘要翻译: 为了允许现场校准和测试限流传感器,传感器不时地暴露于形成标准气体的环境空气中,并且其传输与标准相比较,例如通过连接电阻器(4)的 电路中的标准值或用于在微型计算机(22)的标准条件下从存储器(23)进行调用; 当确定暴露于标准气体(通常为空气)时与传感器(2)的输出之间的偏差与存储的理论值之间的偏差,如果偏差在预定限度内,理论值或参考值将被重置,否则, 提供报警输出。 公差极限可以这样设置,使得第一报警输出以窄公差提供,从而指示传感器朝向最终故障的漂移,并且允许传感器长时间使用,同时提供即将发生故障的提前警告。 传感器的施加电压的变化和通过其测试的电流随后可导出实际的操作曲线,该实际操作曲线可以与存储器中存储的测试曲线进行比较,在外推时,可以预测和识别故障倾向。

    Combination gas oxygen concentration and combustion light sensor
    7.
    发明授权
    Combination gas oxygen concentration and combustion light sensor 失效
    组合气体氧浓度和燃烧光传感器

    公开(公告)号:US4419212A

    公开(公告)日:1983-12-06

    申请号:US343194

    申请日:1982-01-27

    摘要: To permit simultaneous evaluation of the light as a consequence of combustion in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion (IC) engine, and evaluation of the oxygen content of the combustion gas resulting from the combustion, a tubular housing of generally spark-plug shape is closed off at the end facing the combustion chamber by a solid electrolyte body in form of a disk (6), closed tube or thimble (6c) or the like, which is made of transparent zirconium dioxide. The interior of the housing has a light guide (7) extending therein. The solid electrolyte body has electrodes (11, 11'; 11c, 11'c) applied thereto, electrically connected to an electrical evaluation stage (EE) to determine oxygen concentration in the combustion gases, while the light due to combustion is transmitted through the solid electrolyte to the light guide for evaluation in an optical evaluation stage (EO). The ceramic body may be ground to form a lens to focus light resulting upon combustion on the light guide which can have a jacket (15) which is electrically conductive to provide one output terminal from the electrodes applied to the solid electrolyte body, the other electrode being connected through the housing to chassis.

    摘要翻译: 为了同时评价作为内燃(IC)发动机的燃烧室中燃烧的结果的光,以及燃烧产生的燃烧气体的氧含量的评价,通常为火花塞形状的管状壳体为 在由透明二氧化锆制成的盘(6),封闭管或套管(6c)等形式的固体电解质体封闭在面向燃烧室的一端。 壳体的内部具有在其中延伸的导光体(7)。 固体电解质体具有施加到其上的电极(11,11'; 11c,11'c),电连接到电气评估台(EE)以确定燃烧气体中的氧浓度,同时由于燃烧的光被透过 在光学评估阶段(EO)中评估光导体的固体电解质。 陶瓷体可以被研磨以形成透镜以将导致燃烧的光聚焦在导光体上,该光导可以具有导电的护套(15),以从施加到固体电解质体的电极提供一个输出端,另一个电极 通过外壳连接到底盘。

    Method and apparatus to measure the operating temperature of solid
electrolyte-type gas sensors
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus to measure the operating temperature of solid electrolyte-type gas sensors 失效
    测量固体电解质型气体传感器工作温度的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4419190A

    公开(公告)日:1983-12-06

    申请号:US357803

    申请日:1982-03-12

    摘要: To provide for temperature measurement of a solid electrolyte polarographic gas composition sensor, an ac signal is superimposed from an ac voltage source (2) on the applied voltage from a voltage source (1) if the sensor is a polarographic sensor, the ac signal being separated from the output by a filter combination (6, 7), the dc output being evaluated as usual, and the ac output being rectified in a rectifier (9) to obtain a measure of the temperature since the ac resistance (R.sub.alt) is highly temperature dependent (see FIG. 3). The ac preferably is about 10% of the applied dc voltage, so that the voltage swing of the ac potential falls well within the linear range of output current with respect to voltage (see FIG. 2). The output from the ac channel (7, 9) to evaluate the temperature signal can be connected to a control loop circuit (10, 11), including a heater (11) to heat the sensor to maintain a uniform temperature thereof.

    摘要翻译: 为了提供固体电解质极谱气体组成传感器的温度测量,如果传感器是极谱传感器,则交流电信号从交流电压源(2)叠加在来自电压源(1)的施加电压上,交流信号为 通过滤波器组合(6,7)从输出分离,直流输出按照常规进行评估,并且交流输出在整流器(9)中整流以获得由于交流电阻(Ralt)高的温度的测量 温度依赖(参见图3)。 交流电压优选为所施加的直流电压的约10%,使得交流电位的电压摆幅相对于电压在输出电流的线性范围内很好地下降(见图2)。 来自用于评估温度信号的交流通道(7,9)的输出可以连接到包括加热器(11)的控制回路电路(10,11),以加热传感器以保持其均匀的温度。