公开(公告)号：US07724096B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-25

申请号：US11864843

申请日：2007-09-28

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H03B19/14 ,  H03L7/18

CPC分类号： H03L7/18

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for signal generation via a PLL with undersampled feedback are provided. In this regard, the output of a VCO may clock a DDFS to generate a sampling frequency, and the output of the VCO may be undersampled at the sampling frequency to generate a feedback signal for controlling the VCO. Additionally, a control word for controlling the DDFS may be generated, and may be based on a phase difference between the feedback signal and a reference signal. The sampling frequency may be determined such that an aliasing product of the undersampling occurs at a frequency of the reference signal. Also, the feedback signal may be filtered to select a desired aliasing product from a plurality of aliasing products. The output of the VCO may be frequency divided before clocking the DDFS, and a divisor of the division may be programmatically controlled.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过具有欠采样反馈的PLL产生信号的方法和系统。 在这点上，VCO的输出可以使DDFS产生采样频率，并且VCO的输出可能以采样频率欠采样，以产生用于控制VCO的反馈信号。 另外，可以产生用于控制DDFS的控制字，并且可以基于反馈信号和参考信号之间的相位差。 可以确定采样频率，使得欠采样的混叠乘积以参考信号的频率发生。 而且，可以对反馈信号进行滤波以从多个混叠产品中选择所需的混叠产物。 在对DDFS进行计时之前，VCO的输出可以被分频，并且可以编程地控制除法器的除数。

公开(公告)号：US07683722B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-23

申请号：US11863531

申请日：2007-09-28

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H03L7/00

CPC分类号： H03L7/1806 ,  H03L7/0891

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for signal generation via a PLL with a DDFS feedback path are provided. In this regard, a phase difference between a reference signal and a feedback signal may be utilized to control a VCO, wherein the feedback signal is generated by a DDFS. Voltage, current and/or power levels of the generated feedback signal may be limited to a determined range of values. Moreover, the feedback signal may be based on an output of the VCO and a digital control word input to the DDFS. The digital control word may be programmatically controlled by, for example, a processor. Additionally, the control word may be determined based on a desired frequency of the generated feedback signal and a desired output frequency of the VCO. Accordingly, the DDFS may be clocked by the output of the VCO, or by a divided down version of the VCO output.

摘要翻译： 提供了通过具有DDFS反馈路径的PLL产生信号的方法和系统的方面。 在这方面，可以利用参考信号和反馈信号之间的相位差来控制VCO，其中反馈信号由DDFS产生。 产生的反馈信号的电压，电流和/或功率电平可以被限制在确定的值范围内。 此外，反馈信号可以基于VCO的输出和输入到DDFS的数字控制字。 数字控制字可以由例如处理器编程控制。 另外，可以基于产生的反馈信号的期望频率和VCO的期望输出频率来确定控制字。 因此，DDFS可以由VCO的输出或VCO输出的分频版本来计时。

公开(公告)号：US07672800B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-02

申请号：US11860152

申请日：2007-09-24

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： G01M19/00

CPC分类号： H03B21/00 ,  H03K5/00006 ,  H03K2005/00058 ,  H03K2005/00071

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for generation of signals up to extremely high frequencies using a delay circuit are provided. In this regard, a variable delay circuit may be adjusted such that an output signal generated by the delay circuit may be twice the frequency of a signal input to the delay circuit. The adjustment may be via an variable capacitance and/or a variable number of delay elements utilized to generate the output signal. Moreover, the adjustment may be based on a signal strength of the output signal. In this regard, the delay may be adjusted to maximize the signal strength of the output signal. The input signal may be delayed to generate a second signal that is 90° phase shifted relative to the input signal. The second signal and the input signal may be mixed to generate the output signal. The output signal may be filtered by a bandpass filter centered at twice the frequency of the input signal. Accordingly, the center frequency of the bandpass filter may be tunable.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用延迟电路产生高达极高频率的信号的方法和系统的方面。 在这方面，可以调节可变延迟电路，使得由延迟电路产生的输出信号可以是输入到延迟电路的信号的频率的两倍。 调整可以通过用于产生输出信号的可变电容和/或可变数目的延迟元件。 此外，调整可以基于输出信号的信号强度。 在这方面，可以调整延迟以最大化输出信号的信号强度。 可以延迟输入信号以产生相对于输入信号相移90°的第二信号。 可以混合第二信号和输入信号以产生输出信号。 可以通过以输入信号频率的两倍为中心的带通滤波器对输出信号进行滤波。 因此，带通滤波器的中心频率可以是可调谐的。

公开(公告)号：US07659779B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-09

申请号：US11872688

申请日：2007-10-15

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H03G9/00

CPC分类号： H03G3/00 ,  H03G1/0088

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for polar modulating OFDM signals with discontinuous phase may include amplifying an OFDM signal via a plurality of amplifiers such that a combined gain of the plurality of amplifiers comprises a coarse amplitude gain and an amplitude offset gain. A gain of one or more of the plurality of amplifiers may be adjusted to set the coarse amplitude gain, and a gain of one or more remaining ones of the plurality of amplifiers may be adjusted to set the amplitude offset gain. The setting of the coarse amplitude gain and/or the amplitude offset gain may be adjusted dynamically and/or adaptively.

摘要翻译： 用于极化调制具有不连续相位的OFDM信号的方法和系统的方面可以包括经由多个放大器放大OFDM信号，使得多个放大器的组合增益包括粗幅增益和幅度偏移增益。 可以调整多个放大器中的一个或多个的增益以设置粗略的幅度增益，并且可以调整多个放大器中的一个或多个剩余的放大器的增益以设置幅度偏移增益。 可以动态地和/或自适应地调整粗调幅度增益和/或幅度偏移增益的设置。

公开(公告)号：US20090315637A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-24

申请号：US12191605

申请日：2008-08-14

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H01P1/10

CPC分类号： H01P3/121 ,  H01L23/66 ,  H01L2223/6627 ,  H01L2223/6677 ,  H01L2224/16227 ,  H01L2224/32225 ,  H01L2224/73204 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/15321 ,  H01L2924/19032 ,  H01L2924/19033 ,  H01L2924/3011 ,  H01P5/024 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： Methods and systems for communicating via flip-chip die and package waveguides are disclosed and may include communicating one or more signals between sections of an integrated circuit via one or more waveguides integrated in a multi-layer package. The integrated circuit may be bonded to the multi-layer package. The waveguides may be configured via switches in the integrated circuit or by MEMS switches integrated in the multi-layer package. The signals may include a microwave signal and a low frequency control signal that may configure the microwave signal. The low frequency control signal may include a digital signal. The waveguides may comprise metal and/or semiconductor layers deposited on and/or embedded within the multi-layer package.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于通过倒装芯片和封装波导进行通信的方法和系统，并且可以包括通过集成在多层封装中的一个或多个波导来在集成电路的部分之间传送一个或多个信号。 集成电路可以结合到多层封装。 波导可以通过集成电路中的开关或集成在多层封装中的MEMS开关来配置。 信号可以包括微波信号和可以配置微波信号的低频控制信号。 低频控制信号可以包括数字信号。 波导可以包括沉积在多层封装中和/或嵌入在多层封装内的金属和/或半导体层。

公开(公告)号：US20090286487A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-19

申请号：US12492921

申请日：2009-06-26

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran ,  Maryam Rofougaran ,  Brima Ibrahim ,  Jacob Rael ,  Shahla Khorram ,  Shervin Moloudi ,  Stephen Wu ,  Hooman Darabi ,  William T. Colleran ,  Ed Chien ,  Meng-An Pan

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran ,  Maryam Rofougaran ,  Brima Ibrahim ,  Jacob Rael ,  Shahla Khorram ,  Shervin Moloudi ,  Stephen Wu ,  Hooman Darabi ,  William T. Colleran ,  Ed Chien ,  Meng-An Pan

IPC分类号： H04B1/38

CPC分类号： H04B1/40 ,  H03B21/01 ,  H03H11/1291 ,  H03H21/0001 ,  H03H21/0012 ,  H03H2011/0494 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H04B1/30 ,  H04B17/104 ,  H04B17/14 ,  H04B17/19

摘要： An exemplary embodiment of the present invention described and shown in the specification and drawings is a transceiver with a receiver, a transmitter, a local oscillator (LO) generator, a controller, and a self-testing unit. All of these components can be packaged for integration into a single IC including components such as filters and inductors. The controller for adaptive programming and calibration of the receiver, transmitter and LO generator. The self-testing unit generates is used to determine the gain, frequency characteristics, selectivity, noise floor, and distortion behavior of the receiver, transmitter and LO generator. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

摘要翻译： 在说明书和附图中描述和示出的本发明的示例性实施例是具有接收器，发射器，本地振荡器（LO）发生器，控制器和自检单元的收发器。 所有这些组件都可以封装以集成到单个IC中，其中包括过滤器和电感器等组件。 用于接收机，发射机和LO发生器的自适应编程和校准的控制器。 自检单元产生用于确定接收机，发射机和LO发生器的增益，频率特性，选择性，本底噪声和失真特性。 要强调的是，该摘要被提供以符合要求摘要的规则，这将允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开的主题。 提交它的理解是，它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。

公开(公告)号：US20090279593A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-12

申请号：US12116835

申请日：2008-05-07

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran ,  Maryam Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran ,  Maryam Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H04B3/36

CPC分类号： H05K1/14 ,  H04B7/15542 ,  H05K2201/10098

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for inter-PCB communication utilizing a spatial multi-link repeater are provided. In this regard, a signal may be transmitted between printed circuit boards via one or more repeaters, wherein the repeaters may frequency shift received signals to generate repeated signals. Each of the repeated signals may be generated by quadrature down-converting said received signal by mixing the received signal with a first LO signal pair, up-converting the down-converted signal by mixing it with a second LO signal pair, and adding or subtracting an in-phase portion and a quadrature-phase portion of the up-converted signal. Each repeated signal may comprise one or more signal components and a phase and/or amplitude of each of the components may be controlled to control a directivity of the repeated signals. The repeater may reside on one of the plurality of printed circuit boards.

摘要翻译： 提供了利用空间多链路中继器的用于PCB间通信的方法和系统的方面。 在这方面，可以经由一个或多个中继器在印刷电路板之间传输信号，其中中继器可以频率移位接收的信号以产生重复的信号。 可以通过将接收信号与第一LO信号对混合来对所接收的信号进行正交降频转换来产生每个重复信号，通过将下变频信号与第二LO信号对进行混合，将下变频信号进行上变频，以及加法或减法 上变频信号的同相部分和正交相位部分。 每个重复信号可以包括一个或多个信号分量，并且可以控制每个分量的相位和/或幅度以控制重复信号的方向性。 中继器可以驻留在多个印刷电路板中的一个上。

公开(公告)号：US20090243741A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-01

申请号：US12056505

申请日：2008-03-27

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H03B5/08

CPC分类号： H03B5/1228 ,  H01L2224/16225 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J2200/10

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for processing signals via an oscillator load embedded in an IC package are provided. In this regard, a hybrid circuit may comprise an oscillator, and a frequency of the oscillator may be controlled via a digital control word. Furthermore, the hybrid circuit may comprise an integrated circuit bonded to a multi-layer package and at least a portion of the oscillator may be within and/or on the multi-layer package. The at least a portion of the oscillator may be fabricated in one or more metal layers of the multi-layer package. The at least a portion of the oscillator in the multi-layer package may be fabricated utilizing microstrip and/or stripline transmission line. A frequency of the oscillator may be controlled via one or more inductors and/or capacitors in the portion of the oscillator in the multi-layer package.

摘要翻译： 提供了通过嵌入在IC封装中的振荡器负载处理信号的方法和系统的方面。 在这方面，混合电路可以包括振荡器，并且可以经由数字控制字来控制振荡器的频率。 此外，混合电路可以包括结合到多层封装的集成电路，并且振荡器的至少一部分可以在多层封装内和/或之上。 振荡器的至少一部分可以制造在多层封装的一个或多个金属层中。 可以使用微带线和/或带状线传输线来制造多层封装中的振荡器的至少一部分。 可以通过多层封装中的振荡器部分中的一个或多个电感器和/或电容器来控制振荡器的频率。

公开(公告)号：US07586458B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-08

申请号：US11750091

申请日：2007-05-17

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran ,  Maryam Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran ,  Maryam Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H01Q1/50

CPC分类号： H03F3/211 ,  H03F3/245 ,  H03F3/72 ,  H03F2200/129 ,  H03F2200/156 ,  H03F2200/294 ,  H03F2200/451 ,  H03F2203/7236 ,  H03G3/3068 ,  H03G3/3078

摘要： Aspects of a method and system for using a transformer for FM transmit and FM receive functionality may include communicating radio frequency signals via an antenna coupled to primary windings of a radio frequency transformer, wherein secondary windings of the radio frequency transformer may be utilized for receiving and/or transmitting the communicated radio frequency signals. The secondary windings may be utilized as a load of a power amplifier used for the transmitting. By applying an electrical signal at a terminal of the secondary windings, the secondary windings and/or the power amplifier may be biased. Receiving and transmitting may be operated in time division duplex mode or simultaneously. The electrical signal applied at the center terminal may be a biasing voltage. By using a plurality of capacitors, DC signal components for receiving may be blocked.

摘要翻译： 用于使用变压器进行FM发射和FM接收功能的方法和系统的方面可以包括通过耦合到射频变压器的初级绕组的天线来传送射频信号，其中射频变压器的次级绕组可用于接收和 /或发送所传送的射频信号。 次级绕组可以用作用于发射的功率放大器的负载。 通过在次级绕组的端子处施加电信号，次级绕组和/或功率放大器可能被偏置。 接收和发送可以以时分双工模式或同时操作。 在中心端施加的电信号可以是偏置电压。 通过使用多个电容器，可以阻止用于接收的DC信号分量。

公开(公告)号：US20090212887A1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-27

申请号：US12036512

申请日：2008-02-25

申请人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

发明人： Ahmadreza Rofougaran

IPC分类号： H01P5/04 ,  H01P3/08

CPC分类号： H01P5/185 ,  H01L23/66 ,  H01L2223/6627 ,  H01L2223/6677 ,  H01L2224/16227 ,  H01L2224/16235 ,  H01L2224/32225 ,  H01L2224/73204 ,  H01L2924/15192 ,  H01L2924/15321 ,  H01L2924/19105

摘要： Methods and systems for processing signals via directional couplers embedded in an integrated circuit package are disclosed and may include generating via a directional coupler, one or more output RF signals that may be proportional to a received RF signal. The directional coupler may be integrated in a multi-layer package. The generated RF signal may be processed by an integrated circuit electrically coupled to the multi-layer package. The directional coupler may include quarter wavelength transmission lines, which may include microstrip or coplanar structures. The directional coupler may be electrically coupled to one or more variable capacitances in the integrated circuit. The variable capacitance may include CMOS devices in the integrated circuit. The directional coupler may include discrete devices, which may be surface mount devices coupled to the multi-layer package or may be devices integrated in the integrated circuit. The integrated circuit may be flip-chip bonded to the multi-layer package.

摘要翻译： 公开了通过嵌入在集成电路封装中的定向耦合器来处理信号的方法和系统，并且可以包括经由定向耦合器产生可以与接收的RF信号成比例的一个或多个输出RF信号。 定向耦合器可以集成在多层封装中。 产生的RF信号可以由电耦合到多层封装的集成电路来处理。 定向耦合器可以包括四分之一波长传输线，其可以包括微带或共面结构。 定向耦合器可以电耦合到集成电路中的一个或多个可变电容。 可变电容可以包括集成电路中的CMOS器件。 定向耦合器可以包括分立器件，其可以是耦合到多层封装的表面贴装器件，或者可以是集成在集成电路中的器件。 集成电路可以倒装芯片结合到多层封装。