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公开(公告)号：US4154292A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-15
申请号：US868532
申请日：1978-01-11
申请人： Carlyle S. Herrick
发明人： Carlyle S. Herrick
CPC分类号： F28D20/028 , F28D11/02 , F28D20/02 , Y02B10/70 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A heat exchange device for the introduction of thermal energy into and removal of thermal energy from liquid-solid phase change material is described in which the phase change material is maintained in a container, which is slowly rotated about a generally horizontal axis at a substantially constant rotational speed. Means are provided for automatically nucleating the phase change material as required for cyclic operation. The invention is of particular utility in the use of incongruently melting hydrates for the storage of thermal energy.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于将热能引入和移除液 - 固相变材料中的热能的热交换装置，其中将相变材料保持在容器中，所述容器以基本恒定的大致水平轴线缓慢旋转 转速。 提供了用于循环操作所需的自动成核相变材料的装置。 本发明特别适用于使用不相溶的水合物来储存热能。
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公开(公告)号：US4044821A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-30
申请号：US536786
申请日：1974-12-27
申请人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher , Charles G. Miller
发明人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher , Charles G. Miller
摘要： One embodiment of a low to high temperature energy conversion system includes a decomposition chamber in which ammonia (NH.sub.3) is decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen by absorbing heat of decomposition from a low temperature, e.g., 300.degree. C energy source. The separated hydrogen and nitrogen are then supplied to a recombination chamber wherein they recombine to produce ammonia. The recombination process is associated with a significant increase in temperature, used to increase the temperature of a fluid to temperatures on the order of 500.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 低温能量转换系统的一个实施例包括分解室，其中氨（NH 3）通过从低温例如300℃的能量源吸收分解热而分解成氢气和氮气。 然后将分离的氢气和氮气供应到重组室，其中它们重组以产生氨。 复合过程与显着的温度升高相关联，用于将流体的温度升高到约500℃的温度
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公开(公告)号：US4033323A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-05
申请号：US586905
申请日：1975-06-16
申请人： John H. Trumble , Akos Szekely
发明人： John H. Trumble , Akos Szekely
CPC分类号： F24J1/00
摘要： A self-contained heating device useful for a variety of heating applications is disclosed. In a preferred form the device comprises a hermetically sealed cartridge, containing a chemical mixture which produces heat but substantially no gas upon ignition, disposed in a heating unit which also includes a means for igniting the cartridge and a heat transfer sleeve surrounding the cartridge. The sleeve is constructed for optimizing heat transfer from the cartridge and includes in one embodiment a plurality of internal ridges which support the cartridge and define, together with the cartridge and the body of the sleeve, a plurality of air spaces. In a second embodiment a tubular aluminum oxide liner is provided for the sleeve and in still a third embodiment a coated or uncoated screen liner. These sleeve designs retard the rate of heat conduction from the cartridge to the sleeve body, reduce the external temperature of the sleeve and eliminate local hot spots on the sleeve which could cause burning or scorching of the substance being heated.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于各种加热应用的独立加热装置。 在优选形式中，该装置包括气密密封的盒，其包含在加热单元中产生热但基本上不产生气体的化学混合物，该加热单元还包括用于点燃盒的装置和围绕盒的传热套筒。 套筒被构造成用于优化来自盒的热传递，并且在一个实施例中包括多个内部脊，其支撑盒并与套筒的主体和套筒一起限定多个空气空间。 在第二实施例中，为套管提供管状氧化铝衬套，在第三实施例中提供涂覆或未涂覆的筛网衬套。 这些套筒设计延迟了从筒到套管主体的热传导速率，降低了套管的外部温度，并消除了套筒上的局部热点，这可能引起被加热物质的燃烧或焦烧。
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公开(公告)号：US4031706A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-28
申请号：US641835
申请日：1975-12-18
申请人： Himanshu B. Vakil , Dale H. Brown
发明人： Himanshu B. Vakil , Dale H. Brown
摘要： Heat from an exothermic chemical reaction(s) is employed to superheat and/or reheat steam generated by a light water nuclear reactor (LWR). The use of such a source of heat enables the selection of a temperature for the heating limited by thermodynamic considerations that eliminates equipment failures due to overheating the heater tubes.
摘要翻译： 来自放热化学反应的热用于过热和/或再热由轻水核反应堆（LWR）产生的蒸汽。 使用这样的热源使得能够通过热力学考虑限制用于加热的温度的选择，从而消除由于加热器管过热而导致的设备故障。
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公开(公告)号：US4010731A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-08
申请号：US625061
申请日：1975-10-23
申请人： Henry Harrison
发明人： Henry Harrison
CPC分类号： F28D20/0043 , F24J3/06 , Y02E60/142
摘要： A heat storage tank is mounted in a pit in the ground. The pit preferably has four sides and a bottom. A lining of insulating material mounted against the sides of said pit. A water impervious liner tank is mounted against the insulation. A top rests on the contents of the tank. At least one insulating barrier extends down from said top to a point adjacent the bottom of said tank, the barrier dividing said tank into portions. Heat storage material substantially fills the tank. The heat storage material has sufficient voids to permit circulation of heat transfer liquid. A hot liquid intake pipe extends adjacent to the bottom of the tank in the center portion. A cool liquid out-take pipe extends adjacent to the bottom of said tank in a side portion. A heat exchanger is located in the upper center portion of the tank.
摘要翻译： 一个储热罐安装在地面上的一个坑里。 凹坑优选具有四个侧面和底部。 绝缘材料的内衬安装在所述凹坑的两侧。 不透水的内胆罐安装在绝缘层上。 顶部依靠坦克的内容。 至少一个绝缘屏障从所述顶部向下延伸到与所述罐的底部相邻的点，所述隔板将所述罐分成多个部分。 蓄热材料基本上填充罐。 储热材料具有足够的空隙以允许传热液体循环。 热液体吸入管在中央部分相邻于罐底部延伸。 冷却液体取出管在侧部附近延伸到所述罐的底部附近。 热交换器位于罐的上部中部。
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公开(公告)号：US4001152A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-04
申请号：US306326
申请日：1972-11-13
申请人： Horst M. Leonhardt
发明人： Horst M. Leonhardt
IPC分类号： C09J5/00 , C09J177/00 , F24V30/00 , C08J3/20
CPC分类号： F24J1/00 , C09J177/00 , C09J5/00 , Y10S44/901 , Y10T428/2969
摘要： A hot melt adhesive formulation comprising a thermoplastic in intimate admixture with a fuel. The hot melt adhesive formulation is molded into a convenient shape such as a rod, and upon ignition with an open flame, the fuel of the adhesive formulation undergoes a slow but sustained, burning, resulting in melting and dripping of the adhesive. Thus, a rod for example may be held at one end, ignited at the other end, and used to apply a smooth bead or puddle of adhesive without using a brush, gun applicator, or other means known to the art. The bead, because of the intimate admixtue of the fuel and the thermoplastic resin, continues to burn thereby remaining tacky for an extended time. This permits sufficient time to complete an assembly of parts and repositioning of the parts, if necessary.
摘要翻译： 一种热熔粘合剂制剂，其包含与燃料紧密混合的热塑性塑料。 将热熔粘合剂制剂模制成方便的形状如棒，并且在用明火点燃时，粘合剂制剂的燃料经历缓慢但持续的燃烧，导致粘合剂的熔化和滴落。 因此，例如杆可以被保持在一端，在另一端被点燃，并且用于施加光滑的粘合剂珠或熔池，而不使用刷子，喷枪施加器或本领域已知的其它方式。 由于燃料和热塑性树脂的紧密混合，珠粒继续燃烧，从而保持粘稠的时间。 如果需要，这有足够的时间完成零件的组装和零件的重新定位。
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公开(公告)号：US3998749A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-21
申请号：US504009
申请日：1974-09-06
申请人： William R. Hydro , Benjamin Witten
发明人： William R. Hydro , Benjamin Witten
摘要： The invention relates to a unique chemical heater formulation for generat heat through the exothermic reduction of cupric chloride by aluminum. The chemical reaction system used in the heater formulation contains a cupric chloride, a wetting agent, water and a polar organic solvent for said cupric chloride which when contacted with aluminum will react to produce temperatures in excess of 100.degree. C for a sustained period of time, with peak temperature reaching the order of 156.degree. C. Optimum results have been achieved with a reaction system consisting essentially of cupric chloride dihydrate, 48.4wt%; polyethylene glycol 1.6 wt%; water 9.7 wt% and ethylene glycol, 40.3wt%.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过铝对氯化铜的放热还原产生热量的独特的化学加热器配方。 加热器配方中使用的化学反应系统包含氯化铜，润湿剂，水和所述氯化铜的极性有机溶剂，当与铝接触时，其将反应以产生超过100℃的温度持续一段时间 ，峰值温度达到156℃左右。用基本上由氯化铜二水合物组成的反应体系达到最佳结果，为48.4wt％。 聚乙二醇1.6重量％ 水9.7重量％，乙二醇40.3重量％。
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公开(公告)号：US3964416A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-22
申请号：US473573
申请日：1965-07-19
摘要： 1. A steam boiler-reactor comprising;A. a cylindrical casing having closures at opposite ends thereof,B. a steam generating tube, formed in a helical coil, disposed adjacent thenner surface of said casing and extending substantially between its opposite ends, said coil having an inlet end to which feed water may be delivered and an outlet end from which steam may be delivered to a steam engine,C. a cylindrical screen disposed within and adjacent the helical coil,D. an elongated oxidant injector nozzle tube, having a row of axially spaced injection orifices, extending longitudinally of said casing and within the space within said screen,E. a solid grain of cast lithium substantially filling the remainder of the space within said screen,F. an oxidant comprising a source of sulphur hexafluoride under pressure communicating with said nozzle tube through a valve adapted to control the rate of flow of same,G. said nozzle tube having longitudinally extending conduits therein through which water may be circulated for cooling it,H. means for supplying feed water to said conduits and thence to the inlet end of said steam generating tube,I. and a source of heat for melting said grain of lithium,J. the construction and arrangement being such that when said source of heat has melted the lithium, the oxidant may be injected into the latter for reaction with the molten lithium, the products of reaction occupying substantially the same space as the original volume of lithium, said screen preventing undesired reactions adjacent the walls of the steam coil.
摘要翻译： 1.一种蒸汽锅炉 - 反应器，包括： A.具有相对端的闭合的圆柱形壳体，B.在螺旋线圈中形成的蒸汽发生管，处理相关的内部表面，并且在其相对端部之间大量扩展，具有到达进料端的入口的线圈 水可能被输送出来，并且可以将蒸汽输出到蒸汽发动机的出口端。C.在螺旋线圈内并附带的圆柱形屏蔽D. D.具有轴向间隔注射管线的长方形的注射器喷嘴管， 延长屏幕上的空白处，并且在屏幕之间的空间内，E.在实际屏幕中大量填充空间残留物的固体颗粒，F.包含硫化氢源的氧化物，其通过与通过喷嘴的压力通信 适用于控制其流量的阀门，G.具有通过水可循环冷却的长时间延长的导管的喷嘴管 ING IT，H.用于供给水的方法，用于将凝结水和渗透物输入到蒸汽发生管的入口端，I.和用于熔化矿石的颗粒的热源，J.这样的结构和布置 热源的氧化锂，氧化剂可能被注入到与浓缩物反应的反应器中，反应产物主要以同样的空间作为原始体积，同时防止未加入的反应的筛选附加蒸汽的水分 线圈
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公开(公告)号：US3950158A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-13
申请号：US475032
申请日：1974-05-31
申请人： Rodger L. Gossett
发明人： Rodger L. Gossett
CPC分类号： F24J1/00 , F25D5/02 , A61F2007/0276 , A61F7/03 , A61F7/106
摘要： In a thermal pack, one which may be provided with ingredients for making it either a cold pack or a hot pack, three bags are provided for the container of the pack, two of said bags being of the same size and comprising the exterior and proximate interior liners of the pack, while another bag of lesser dimensions forms the inner liner of said pack, and is disposed within the two larger bags. The inner bag is designed for holding a quantity of water, while the interior liner of the two outer bags is provided for holding a quantity of chemical means for use in varying the temmperature of the desired type pack. Rupturing of the inner bag through manual pressure allows water to react with the chemical means for creating either the cold or hot temperature, as needed.
摘要翻译： 在热敏包装中，可以提供用于制成冷包装或热包装的成分的热包装袋，为包装容器提供三个袋子，其中两个袋子具有相同的尺寸，并且包括外部和近端 而另一个较小尺寸的袋形成所述包装的内衬，并且设置在两个较大的袋子内。 内袋设计用于容纳一定数量的水，而两个外袋的内衬被提供用于容纳一定数量的用于改变所需类型包装件的温度的化学装置。 通过手动压力使内袋破裂，可根据需要使水与化学方法反应，以产生冷或热温度。
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公开(公告)号：US3942510A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-09
申请号：US499329
申请日：1974-08-21
申请人： William Garrett
发明人： William Garrett
CPC分类号： A61L2/04 , A47J36/28 , A47J41/0044 , F24J1/00
摘要： The disclosure is of a unitary, self-contained apparatus for flameless heating. The device comprises a tubular container divided into heat-generating and heat utilizing zones. The source of heat employed is the exothermia of a chemical reaction, particularly of chemical reactions initiated by the presence of water. The device of the invention is, because of its particular and novel construction, especially useful for those applications requiring high caloric yields for prolonged periods of time.
摘要翻译： 本公开是用于无焰加热的单一的，独立的装置。 该装置包括分为发热和热利用区的管状容器。 所使用的热源是化学反应的放热，特别是由于存在水引起的化学反应。 本发明的装置由于其特殊和新颖的结构，对于长时间需要高热量产量的那些应用尤其有用。
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