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公开(公告)号：US4847494A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-11
申请号：US114088
申请日：1987-10-27
申请人： Bernard V. Alvarez
发明人： Bernard V. Alvarez
IPC分类号： G01T1/178
CPC分类号： G01T1/178 , Y10S250/02
摘要： A radon detection package permits improved retention of radon, while limiting absorption of moisture which otherwise drives radon off from the package. A pouch of radon absorbing material is supported during a testing period, preferably in a vertical position, and substantially surrounded during such period by a hood-like envelope of radon impermeable material. The hood-like envelope includes an opening, preferably directed downward, which permits access of air and radon to the pouch of radon trapping material. A foldable cardboard wedge is inserted into the opening of the envelope structure for providing a channel along the pouch which admits air and radon into the package so as to controllably expose the pouch. Further in accordance with the present method, the foldable cardboard insert may be removed upon completion of a testing period, and the envelope-like structure closed around the pouch to form a self-mailer unit, which may be sent to a processing plant for detection of the amount of radon in the pouch.
摘要翻译： 氡检测包可以改善氡的保留，同时限制水分的吸收，否则会将镭从包装中驱除。 氡吸收材料袋在测试期间被支撑，优选地处于垂直位置，并且在这样的时间段期间通过氡不渗透材料的罩状包层被基本包围。 罩状外壳包括优选向下指向的开口，其允许空气和氡进入氡气捕集材料袋。 可折叠的纸板楔被插入到包封结构的开口中，用于沿着袋提供通道，该通道允许空气和氡进入包装中，以便可控制地暴露该袋。 此外，根据本方法，可以在测试周期完成时移除可折叠的纸板插入件，并且围绕袋封闭信封状结构以形成自发邮件单元，其可以发送到处理设备进行检测 的氡量在袋子里。
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公开(公告)号：US4700070A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US877305
申请日：1986-06-23
申请人： Matthew Kovac
发明人： Matthew Kovac
CPC分类号： G01V5/00 , G01T1/178 , Y10S250/02
摘要： A radon sampling unit comprising a cylindrical body containing a measured amount of charcoal for collecting and holding radon gas. A fine mesh screen is frictionally held on top of the charcoal by a retaining ring engageable with the inner sidewall of said body. The lid is screw threaded and hermetically sealed to the body. A layer of dessicant is frictionally held inside the body vertically spaced above the charcoal. The cylindrical body has a plurality of alternate lugs on top thereof at different heights and a retaining metallic ring which serves as a unique method of retention of the lid assembly to the body. The cylindrical body may be modified by having an interior spirally wound metallic sheet to vary the inner diameter of the body as desired.
摘要翻译： 一种氡采样单元，包括一个包含测量量的用于收集和保持氡气的木炭的圆柱体。 通过与所述主体的内侧壁接合的保持环，将细筛网摩擦地保持在木炭的顶部。 盖子是螺纹的，并且密封到身体。 一层干燥剂摩擦地保持在身体内垂直间隔在木炭上方的身体内。 圆柱体在其顶部具有多个可替换的凸耳，其顶部具有不同的高度，以及保持金属环，其用作将盖组件保持在主体上的独特方法。 可以通过具有内部螺旋卷绕的金属片来改变圆柱形主体以根据需要改变主体的内径。
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公开(公告)号：US4415804A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US213149
申请日：1980-12-04
申请人： Brian D. Sowerby
发明人： Brian D. Sowerby
CPC分类号： G01V5/00 , G01N23/203 , G01N23/22 , G01T1/178 , G01T1/20 , G01N2223/045 , G01N2223/053 , G01N2223/063 , G01N2223/1013 , G01N2223/108 , G01N2223/202 , G01N2223/6123 , G01N2223/613 , G01N2223/616 , G01N2223/617
摘要： An apparatus and method for quantitatively measuring the concentration of a first element or group of elements having substantially similar atomic numbers in a matrix comprising other elements having substantially different atomic numbers to that or those of said first element or group of elements is diclosed. The apparatus comprises(i) a source yielding .gamma.-rays, of sufficient energy for pair production;(ii) detecting means being associated with said source and being capable of detecting 0,511 MeV annihilation radiation;(iii) first measuring means for making a measurement of or proportional to bulk density;(iv) shielding means interposed between said source and said detecting means thereby reducing the intensity of direct source .gamma.-rays impinging on said detecting means; and(v) calculating means associated with the outputs of said detecting means and said measuring means to calculated said concentration;and wherein said first measuring means is located so as to make said measurement of or proportional to bulk density over substantially the same volume of said matrix as that in which said annihilation radiation originates.
摘要翻译： 包含具有基本上相同的原子序数的第一元素或元素组的浓度的装置和方法包括具有基本相同原子序数的其它元素的元素或与所述第一元素或元素组的元素基本上相似的元素的浓度。 该装置包括（i）产生用于对生产的足够能量的γ射线的源; （ii）与所述源相关联并且能够检测0,511MeV湮灭辐射的检测装置; （iii）用于进行体积密度测量或与体积密度成比例的第一测量装置; （iv）插入在所述源和所述检测装置之间的屏蔽装置，从而减少直接源γ射线撞击所述检测装置的强度; 和（v）与所述检测装置和所述测量装置的输出相关联的计算装置，以计算所述浓度; 并且其中所述第一测量装置被定位成在与所述湮灭辐射起源的所述矩阵的基本相同的体积上进行所述体积密度的测量或与其密度成比例。
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公开(公告)号：US4286155A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-25
申请号：US44195
申请日：1979-05-31
申请人： George R. Utting
发明人： George R. Utting
CPC分类号： G01T1/178 , G01T1/18 , G01T7/02 , Y10S250/02
摘要： A radioactive gas monitor that is adapted to measure total airborne radiation activity over an extended period of time and provide a readout in units that can be directly correlated to the maximum permissible exposure standards established by the federal government. The instrument also includes automatic background count rate subtraction, as well as means for measuring the actual background radiation level and adjusting the subtracted count rate accordingly.
摘要翻译： 一种放射性气体监测器，适用于在长时间内测量总空气中的辐射活动，并提供与联邦政府制定的最大允许暴露标准直接相关的单位读数。 该仪器还包括自动背景计数速率减法，以及用于测量实际背景辐射水平和相应调整减去计数速率的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4267446A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US026721
申请日：1979-04-03
申请人： Robert Brown , Paul A. Proulx
发明人： Robert Brown , Paul A. Proulx
CPC分类号： G01T1/178 , G01T1/2008 , G01V5/06
摘要： A dual scintillation radiation detector having two different scintillation detector materials arranged and shaped in order to detect and determine the quantity of the two different radiations such as beta and gamma present within an unknown sample. The detector can be used in apparatus for laboratory use, manual portable probe applications, or in elongated probes for simultaneously reading radiation present as the probe is lowered into an earth bore. The scintillation radiation detector material for the high energy radiation is positioned on the opposite side of the first detector material from the radiation source so that the high energy radiation must penetrate through the first material before entering the second. This provision allows discrimination and filtering of the low energy radiation from the second detector material. The first detector material is provided in the shape of a thin, flat plate or in the shape of a hollow cup with the second material mounted on one side of the plate or within the cup. Suitable photomultiplier sensing tubes are connected to a surface of the scintillation material to convert the light energy pulses caused by the radiation into electrical output pulses which are processed and digitally displayed. Suitable radiation shielding is provided in conjunction with the scintillation detector materials to filter and discriminate against unwanted low energy radiation. The detector is suitable for use in the beta-gamma method of analysis for determining uranium oxide ore grade within an unknown sample.
摘要翻译： 具有布置和成形以便检测和确定未知样品中存在的两种不同辐射（例如β和γ）的量的两种不同的闪烁检测器材料的双重闪烁放射线检测器。 检测器可用于实验室使用的设备，手动便携式探头应用或细长探针中，用于在探头降入地球孔时同时读取存在的辐射。 用于高能量辐射的闪烁放射线检测器材料位于第一检测器材料与辐射源相反的一侧，使得高能量辐射必须在进入第二材料之前穿过第一材料。 该规定允许对来自第二检测器材料的低能辐射进行鉴别和滤波。 第一检测器材料设置成薄的平板形状，或呈中空杯形，第二材料安装在板的一侧或杯内。 合适的光电倍增管感测管连接到闪烁材料的表面，以将由辐射引起的光能脉冲转换成被处理和数字显示的电输出脉冲。 与闪烁检测器材料结合提供合适的辐射屏蔽以过滤和区分不需要的低能量辐射。 该检测器适合用于测定未知样品中的铀氧化物矿石等级的β-gamma分析方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4186303A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-29
申请号：US868779
申请日：1978-01-12
申请人： Richard C. Smith , Ira E. Kanter
发明人： Richard C. Smith , Ira E. Kanter
CPC分类号： G01T1/178 , G01V5/02 , Y10S250/02
摘要： Alpha particles emitted from radon 220, a daughter product formed from the decay of thorium, are prevented from reaching an alpha particle detector by enclosing the detector in a volume into which alpha-emitting radioactive gases can only enter through a semipermeable membrane at least about 10 mg/cm.sup.2 in thickness. The enclosed volume must be between 30 and 2000 cm.sup.3 and the (AP)/(VL) ratio must be between 10.sup.-7 and 10.sup.-5. Also, the detector must be positioned so as to expose it to gas from the membrane for a distance of at least 2 cm through a solid angle of at least one steradian.
摘要翻译： 通过将检测器包围在体积中，从氡-220发出的从钍的衰变形成的子产物的α粒子被防止到达α粒子检测器，其中α-发射放射性气体只能通过至少约10的半透膜进入 mg / cm2厚度。 封闭容积必须介于30和2000厘米3之间，（AP）/（VL）的比例必须介于10-7和10-5之间。 此外，检测器必须定位成使其暴露于来自膜的气体至少2cm的距离至少一个立体角的立体角。
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37.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4041309A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-09
申请号：US719758
申请日：1976-09-02
申请人： Eric C. Hopkinson
发明人： Eric C. Hopkinson
摘要： Neutron generator in well logging instrument is pulsed 100 times having a time between pulses of 1400 microseconds. This is followed by an off period of four cycles wherein 2800 microseconds is allowed for capture radiation to decay to an insignificant level and the remaining 2800 microseconds is used to measure background radiation. This results in the neutron source being disabled four pulses after every hundred pulses of operation, or approximately a 4% loss of neutron output. A first detector gate is open from 400 to 680 microseconds and a second detector gate is open from 700 to 980 microseconds. During the 100 cycles, each of the gates is thus open for 280 microseconds times 100 for a total of 28,000 microseconds. By scaling the gate count rate by a factor of 10, the background is subtracted directly.
摘要翻译： 测井仪器中的中子发生器脉冲100次，脉冲间隔为1400微秒。 之后是四个周期的关闭周期，其中允许2800微秒的捕获辐射衰减至微不足道的水平，并且剩余的2800微秒用于测量背景辐射。 这导致中子源在每百个操作脉冲之后被禁用四个脉冲，或大约是中子输出的4％的损失。 第一检测器门从400至680微秒打开，第二检测器门从700至980微秒打开。 在100个循环期间，每个门因此打开280微秒100次，总共28,000微秒。 通过将门计数率缩放10倍，直接减去背景。
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公开(公告)号：US3670164A
公开(公告)日：1972-06-13
申请号：US3670164D
申请日：1970-08-18
摘要： A system for monitoring a zone for the presence of a source of plutonium in which the updated background level of gamma rays is compared with the readings obtained when a possible carrier of a gamma ray source enters the zone. Counting is initiated, and an alarm is sounded when the counting after a predetermined period of time accumulates to a value in excess of the background total plus a significant statistical deviation as a factor of the background total.
摘要翻译： 用于监测钚源的存在的区域的系统，其中更新的伽马射线背景水平与伽马射线源的可能载体进入该区域时获得的读数进行比较。 开始计数，并且当预定时间段之后的计数累加到超过背景总数的值加上作为背景总数的因子的显着的统计偏差时，发出警报。
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39.发明授权Apparatus having opposing circuits of different time constants for detecting beta and gamma radiation in the presence of background radiation 失效具有不同时间常数的相反电路的装置，用于在背景辐射的存在下检测β和γ辐射
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40.发明授权Low background beta detection having a shield separating a beta detector and a cosmic ray detector 失效具有分离β检测器和宇宙射线检测器的屏蔽的低背景β检测
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