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公开(公告)号：US4567395A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-28
申请号：US665426
申请日：1984-10-26
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , G01L23/10 , H01L41/113 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： G01L23/10 , G01L9/008 , H01L41/1132
摘要： A cylinder pressure transmitter has means mounting piezoelectric means to provide an electrical signal corresponding to the pressure in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. A metal diaphragm is arranged to be movable in response to variations in cylinder pressure. Rigid metal motion transfer means and rigid motion transfer means of a material of relatively lower thermal conductivity are arranged in sequence between the diaphragm and the piezoelectric means to accurately transfer movements of the diaphragm to the piezoelectric means while retarding transfer of heat from the cylinder environment to the piezoelectric means through the diaphragm. Preferably the diaphragm is formed of a clad metal laminate.
摘要翻译： 气缸压力变送器具有安装压电装置以提供对应于内燃机的气缸中的压力的电信号的装置。 金属隔膜被布置成响应于气缸压力的变化而可移动。 刚性金属运动传递装置和具有相对较低热导率的材料的刚性运动传递装置依次布置在隔膜和压电装置之间，以便将隔膜的运动精确地传递到压电装置，同时延缓热量从气缸环境转移到 压电装置通过隔膜。 优选地，隔膜由复合金属层压体形成。
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公开(公告)号：US4441360A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-10
申请号：US357638
申请日：1982-03-12
摘要： An engine timing instrument as disclosed which is particularly designed for use with diesel engines and which responds to the actual time of firing within a cylinder. A strobe may be flashed at the crankshaft angle at which firing occurs and the crankshaft of the strobe flash may be advanced with respect to the firing angle until the strobe flash occurs at a top dead center position. The angle of advance of the strobe flash is measured to then indicate the angle of firing relative to the top dead center position. Important features relates to the use of a piezoelectric transducer placed in a glow plug hole to measure pressure, the transducer being connected to circuitry which provides both a firing pulse and a reference pulse. The reference pulse occurs close to and not later than the top dead center position and is used to measure the time of a subsequent firing pulse. Electronic circuitry is provided for counting and storing clock pulses and performing digital operations in a manner such as to obtain a high degree of accuracy.
摘要翻译： 所公开的发动机定时装置，其特别设计用于与柴油发动机一起使用，并且响应于气缸内的实际燃烧时间。 在闪光发生的曲轴角度处可以闪光闪光灯，并且闪光灯的曲轴可以相对于触发角度前进，直到闪光灯闪光发生在上止点位置。 测量闪光灯闪光的前进角度，然后指示相对于上止点位置的点火角度。 重要的特征涉及放置在电热塞孔中以测量压力的压电换能器的使用，该换能器连接到提供点火脉冲和参考脉冲的电路。 参考脉冲在上死点位置附近发生，并且不迟于上死点位置，并用于测量后续发射脉冲的时间。 电子电路用于计数和存储时钟脉冲并以诸如获得高精度的方式执行数字操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4379405A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-12
申请号：US270842
申请日：1981-06-05
申请人： Paul Engeler , Hans C. Sonderegger , Peter Wolfer
发明人： Paul Engeler , Hans C. Sonderegger , Peter Wolfer
摘要： A force transducer, particularly for the ballistic measuring of the combustion pressure in the cartridge case of a firearm, is disclosed which includes a force transmission element which rests with one of its front areas on the cartridge case. The force transmission element is surrounded on its exterior by an outer sleeve which also rests with its front area on the cartridge case. The front areas of the force transmission element and of the outer sleeve are exactly adapted to the curvature of the cartridge case by reaming after the transducer has been mounted in the firearm. With the combustion of the powder, the cartridge case expands and transmits its force to a sensor element via the force transmission element, with the sensor element being preferably in the form of at least one piezoelectric transversal quartz element which is held under pretension between the force transmission element and a basic receiver component. The spring rigidity of the force transmission element and the spring rigidity of the outer sleeve are matched in such a way that both parts yield essentially to the same extent to the pressures acting upon them in the axial direction of the transducer. The result is that the contact conditions of the cartridge case with the front area of the force transmission piston do not change appreciably after the expansion in comparison with the initial conditions so that a calibration curve of the force transducer which is independent of the installation can be supplied by the manufacturer.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种力传感器，特别是用于弹药测量枪支的盒壳体中的燃烧压力，其包括一个力传递元件，该力传递元件与其在盒壳体上的一个前区域相连。 力传递元件在其外部由外套筒包围，外套筒也随着其在盒壳体上的前部区域而固定。 力传递元件和外套筒的前部区域在传感器已经安装在枪支中之后通过铰孔精确地适应盒壳体的曲率。 随着粉末的燃烧，盒壳体通过力传递元件膨胀并传递其力到传感器元件，传感器元件优选地为至少一个压电横向石英元件的形式，该压电横向石英元件保持在力 传输元件和基本接收器组件。 力传递元件的弹簧刚度和外套筒的弹簧刚度相匹配，使得两个部件基本上产生与在换能器的轴向上作用在它们上的压力相同的程度。 结果是，与初始条件相比，盒壳体与力传递活塞的前部区域的接触条件在膨胀之后没有明显改变，使得独立于安装的力传感器的校准曲线可以是 由制造商提供。
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34.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4304126A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-08
申请号：US128571
申请日：1980-03-10
申请人： Edward Yelke
发明人： Edward Yelke
CPC分类号： F02M65/003 , G01L23/10 , G01L9/0001 , F02B3/06 , Y10S310/80
摘要： A transducer for sensing and monitoring the injection of fuel into a fuel injection type engine including a transducer comprising a flexible collar of low mass and a flexible piezoelectric element mounted on the fuel line to sense the change in the circumferential dimension of the line due to the surge of pressure created in the line as the fuel is injected through the line into the engine.
摘要翻译： 一种用于感测和监测燃料喷射到燃料喷射型发动机的换能器，其包括包括低质量的柔性轴环的换能器和安装在燃料管线上的柔性压电元件，以感测线路的周向尺寸的变化， 当燃料通过管线注入发动机时，在管线中产生的压力的浪涌。
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公开(公告)号：US4257260A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-24
申请号：US132448
申请日：1980-03-21
CPC分类号： F02M65/003 , G01L23/10 , G01L9/0001 , G01L9/08
摘要： There is disclosed apparatus for sensing cyclically varying pressure in a pipe, particularly but not exclusively for sensing pressure in fuel lines. The apparatus depends on resilient elements which bend symmetrically on pressure change, and transducers producing equal and opposite signals depending on the bending strain. In the first form of apparatus, a ring surrounds the pipe and bears upon it through screws at four spaced points. The ring is on two portions, to be assembled around the pipe. When so assembled, the ring portions bend as beams when the pipe dilates. Symmetrical piezoelectric crystals detect this bending. The second form of apparatus described comprises a pair of similar sensing members in the form of blocks each shaped to embrace a pipe over an arc and to make line contact with the pipe at two spaced locations; the blocks are removably clamped about the pipe. A transducer on each block provides electrical signals in dependence on bending strain in the block due to periodic dilatation of the pipe. The third form of apparatus also employs a pair of similar sensing members each shaped to embrace a pipe over an arc and to make line contact with the pipe at two spaced locations are removably clamped about the pipe. The third form of sensing apparatus also uses transducers one on each member, to provide equal and opposite electrical signals in dependence on bending strain in the members due to period dilation of the pipe.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于感测管道中周期性变化的压力的装置，特别地但不排他地用于感测燃料管线中的压力。 该装置取决于对压力变化对称的弹性元件，以及根据弯曲应变产生相等和相反信号的换能器。 在装置的第一种形式中，环围绕管并通过四个间隔点处的螺钉承载在其上。 环在两部分上，围绕管组装。 当这样组装时，当管扩张时，环部分作为梁弯曲。 对称压电晶体检测这种弯曲。 所描述的第二种形式的装置包括一对块状的类似的传感构件，每一个成形为在圆弧上包围管子，并在两个间隔开的位置使管线接触; 块可拆卸地夹在管子周围。 每个块上的换能器由于管的周期性扩张而依赖于块中的弯曲应变而提供电信号。 装置的第三种形式还采用一对类似的检测构件，每一个成形为在圆弧上包围管道，并且在两个间隔开的位置处与管道线接触可拆卸地围绕管夹紧。 感测装置的第三种形式还使用每个构件上的换能器，以便由于管道的周期扩张而根据构件中的弯曲应变来提供相等和相反的电信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4109518A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-29
申请号：US796008
申请日：1977-05-11
申请人： Joseph L. Dooley , Edward Yelke
发明人： Joseph L. Dooley , Edward Yelke
CPC分类号： G01L3/245 , G01L23/10 , G01L9/0001 , G01M15/09 , F02B3/06
摘要： Engine monitoring apparatus is disclosed in which the cylinder pressure changes in a fuel injected engine are monitored through the use of a transducer device which produces an electrical signal responsive to pressures exerted on an injector nozzle from within the cylinder. The transducer is mounted to the nozzle holding brackets or fasteners which act to maintain pressure tending to seat the nozzle against an inlet port in the cylinder and, as such, is responsive to axial pressures exerted on the nozzle assembly from within the cylinder. Methods and apparatus for mounting the transducer device to the holding brackets of various types of nozzle assemblies are disclosed along with read-out devices including a tachometer circuit for utilizing the transducer output signal for performance monitoring and diagnostic applications.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种发动机监控装置，其中通过使用响应于从气缸内施加在喷射器喷嘴上的压力而产生电信号的换能器装置来监测燃料喷射发动机中的气缸压力变化。 传感器安装到喷嘴保持支架或紧固件上，其用于保持压力倾向于使喷嘴抵靠在气缸中的入口端口，并且因此响应于从气缸内施加在喷嘴组件上的轴向压力。 公开了用于将换能器装置安装到各种类型的喷嘴组件的保持支架上的方法和装置以及包括用于利用换能器输出信号进行性能监测和诊断应用的转速计电路的读出装置。
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公开(公告)号：US2587304A
公开(公告)日：1952-02-26
申请号：US6060248
申请日：1948-11-17
申请人： GEN ELECTRIC
IPC分类号： G01L23/10
CPC分类号： G01L23/10
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公开(公告)号：US2539418A
公开(公告)日：1951-01-30
申请号：US65058546
申请日：1946-02-27
申请人： GROGAN CHARLES H
发明人： GROGAN CHARLES H
CPC分类号： G01L23/10 , G01L27/005
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40.发明授权Piezoelectric device for converting pressure variations into potential variations 失效用于将压力变化转换为潜在变化的压电器件
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