公开(公告)号：US06370908B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US09479406

申请日：2000-01-06

申请人： Timothy W. James

发明人： Timothy W. James

IPC分类号： F25D1702

CPC分类号： F25D21/06 ,  F25B5/02 ,  F25B41/04 ,  F25B49/022 ,  F25B2400/22 ,  F25B2600/2511 ,  F25D11/006 ,  F25D11/022 ,  F25D16/00 ,  F25D2400/04

摘要： A low-cost and thermodynamically efficient implementation of a two-stage refrigeration system applied to a retail refrigerator. The invention includes a simple and easily manufactured thermally efficient and low-cost evaporation unit. The invention further includes a thermal energy storage module and an energy efficient control protocol to maintain steady temperatures in the fresh and frozen food sections, to permit energy efficient defrosting of the heat exchange surfaces in the freezer section, and minimize losses associated with condensing unit on-and-off cycling.

摘要翻译： 低成本和热力学效率的应用于零售冰箱的两级制冷系统的实施。 本发明包括简单且容易制造的热效率和低成本的蒸发单元。 本发明进一步包括一个热能储存模块和一个节能控制协议，以保持新鲜和冷冻的食品部分的稳定温度，以允许对冷冻部分的热交换表面进行能量效率的除霜，并使与冷凝装置相关的损失最小化 - 骑自行车

公开(公告)号：US5322817A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-21

申请号：US809045

申请日：1991-12-16

申请人： Timothy W. James ,  Boo J. L. Nilsson

发明人： Timothy W. James ,  Boo J. L. Nilsson

IPC分类号： C01G1/00 ,  C01G15/00 ,  C23C14/08 ,  C23C14/28 ,  C30B23/02 ,  H01L39/24 ,  B05D3/06 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： H01L39/2448 ,  C23C14/087 ,  C30B23/002 ,  C30B23/02 ,  C30B29/22 ,  C30B29/225 ,  Y10S505/73 ,  Y10S505/732

摘要： In situ vapor phase growth of thallium containing superconductors is achieved by controlling thallium volatility. Thallium volatility is controlled by providing active oxygen at the surface of the growing material and by avoiding collisions of energetic species with the growing material. In the preferred embodiment, a thallium containing superconductor is grown by laser ablation of a target, and by provision of oxygen during growth. More specifically, a source of thallium, calcium, barium, copper and oxygen is created by laser ablation of a thallium rich target, generating an ablation plume that is directed onto a heated substrate through the oxygen, with the plume passing through oxygen having a pressure from 10.sup.-2 to ten torr. Epitaxial superconducting thin films of thallium, calcium, barium, copper and oxygen have been grown by this technique. Various superconducting phases may be engineered through use of this method.

摘要翻译： 通过控制铊挥发性来实现含铊超导体的原位气相生长。 铊挥发性通过在生长材料的表面提供活性氧并通过避免能量物质与生长材料的碰撞来控制。 在优选实施例中，含铊的超导体通过靶的激光烧蚀和生长期间的氧气生长。 更具体地说，通过激光烧蚀富铊靶产生铊，钙，钡，铜和氧的来源，产生通过氧引导到加热的衬底上的消融羽流，其中羽流通过具有压力的氧 从10-2到10托。 已经通过这种技术生长了铊，钙，钡，铜和氧的外延超导薄膜。 可以通过使用这种方法来设计各种超导相。