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公开(公告)号：US5577346A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US421102
申请日：1995-04-13
申请人： Donald P. Malone
发明人： Donald P. Malone
CPC分类号： C01B3/348 , C01B3/10 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/721 , C10J3/723 , B01J2219/182 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1628 , C10J2200/158 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1861 , C10J2300/1884 , Y02E60/36
摘要： A plural-zone molten metal iron gasifier for converting feeds containing hydrogen and carbon, such as propane, solvent deasphalted pitch, etc., into substantially pure hydrogen and CO/CO.sub.2 streams under pressure by incorporating carbo into the molten metal in a first zone or vessel, then circulating the molten metal into contact with an oxygen-containing gas in a second zone or vessel. Preferably hydrogen is primarily produced in a third zone or vessel, and carbon oxides in a second zone or vessel. A one-meter diameter vessel can produce 20 million standard cubic feet per day of hydrogen at a pressure in the range 2 to 50 atm from methane using this invention.
摘要翻译： 一种多区熔融金属铁气化器，用于将含有氢和碳的原料（例如丙烷，溶剂脱沥青等）转化为在压力下基本上纯的氢气和CO / CO 2流，在第一区域中将碳结合到熔融金属中，或 然后使熔融金属在第二区域或容器中与含氧气体接触。 优选地，氢主要在第三区域或容器中产生，并且在第二区域或容器中产生碳氧化物。 一米直径的容器可以使用本发明从甲烷在2至50大气压的范围内每天产生2000万标准立方英尺的氢气。
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公开(公告)号：US5435814A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US165068
申请日：1993-12-10
CPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C10K3/04 , B01J2219/182 , C10J2200/09
摘要： In an improved molten metal hydrogen generation bath, baffles form a draft tube or chimney-effect near the center of the bath. Flow through the chimney is aided by maintaining a temperature differential favoring convection and, optionally, a differential pressure between the portions of the bath on either side of the baffle-chimney arrangement. Feed is added to the feed zone and oxygen is added to the oxidation zone, emitting H.sub.2 from the feed zone and CO from the oxidation zone. Baffles may be made simply of brick work or high temperature metal and can fit into existing refractory-lined molten metal vessels. Products can be mixed as syngas feed for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Additionally, the Boudouard endothermic reaction (CO.sub.2 +C .fwdarw. 2CO) can be used to control temperatures by injecting CO in place of oxygen.
摘要翻译： 在改进的熔融金属氢气生成池中，挡板在浴的中心附近形成引流管或烟囱效应。 通过保持有利于对流的温差和任选地在挡板 - 烟囱装置的任一侧上的浴的部分之间的压差来帮助流过烟囱。 将进料加入进料区，并将氧气加入到氧化区中，从进料区中排出H 2，从氧化区发射CO。 挡板可以简单地由砖工或高温金属制成，并且可以装配到现有的耐火材料衬里的熔融金属容器中。 产物可以作为合成气进料混合进行费 - 托合成。 此外，Boudouard吸热反应（CO2 + C→2CO）可用于通过注入CO代替氧来控制温度。
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公开(公告)号：US4743341A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US517659
申请日：1983-07-27
申请人： Kenneth W. Hladun
发明人： Kenneth W. Hladun
CPC分类号： C10B49/14
摘要： A pyrolysis chamber includes a bath of molten salt divided by a horizontally disposed baffle into an upper layer and a lower layer. Connected to one end of the chamber is a furnace including submerged burners for heating the salt and for maintaining it in its molten state. The molten salt flows from the furnace across the upper bath layer and back to the furnace in the lower layer. Hydrocarbon containing material is fed onto the upper bath layer and is pyrolyzed as it moves toward the discharge end of the chamber where the spent material is removed; the hydrocarbon gases being recovered by an exhaust system in the chamber. The molten salt acts as a seal between the atmospheres of the furnace and the pyrolysis chamber and also functions to remove pollutants from the combustion gases of the burners in the furnace.
摘要翻译： 热解室包括熔融盐浴，其被水平布置的挡板分成上层和下层。 连接到室的一端的是包括用于加热盐并将其保持在其熔融状态的浸没式燃烧器的炉。 熔融盐从炉中流过上部浴层并返回到下层的炉中。 含碳材料被送入上浴层，并且当它移向腔室的排出端时被热解，其中废料被去除; 烃气体由腔室中的排气系统回收。 熔盐作为炉子和热解室的气氛之间的密封，并且还用于从炉中的燃烧器的燃烧气体中除去污染物。
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24.发明授权Process and a plant for the direct reduction of iron oxide particles in a shaft furnace and for smelting the obtained iron sponge particles in a meltdown gasifier 失效工艺和用于在竖炉中直接还原氧化铁颗粒并在熔化气化器中熔炼获得的铁海绵颗粒的设备
公开(公告)号：US4699655A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US799947
申请日：1985-11-20
申请人： Konstantin Milionis
发明人： Konstantin Milionis
CPC分类号： C21B13/002 , C21B13/14 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/212
摘要： A process and a plant for the direct reduction of iron oxide particles in a shaft furnace and for smelting the obtained iron sponge particles in a meltdown gasifier. A coal fluidized bed is formed in the meltdown gasifier by supplying coal and oxygen-containing gas, in which the heat necessary to smelt the iron sponge particles as well as the reducing gas to be injected into the shaft furnace are produced. The top gas remaining after the reduction is drawn off the upper part of the shaft furnace and the dusty solid particles, which are discharged together with the reducing gas and/or with the top gas, are washed out by scrubbers. The suspension of the washed out solid particles is thickened and separated into a clear overflow and a concentrated coal slurry. The coal slurry is recycled into the meltdown gasifier, is pressure-gasified with oxygen and is burnt by burners arranged in the upper part of the meltdown gasifier and directed towards the coal fluidized bed.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在竖炉中直接还原氧化铁颗粒并在熔化气化器中冶炼所获得的铁海绵颗粒的方法和设备。 通过提供煤和含氧气体在熔化气化器中形成煤流化床，其中产生熔炼铁海绵颗粒所需的热量以及待注入竖炉的还原气体。 还原后剩余的顶部气体从竖炉的上部排出，并且与还原气体和/或顶部气体一起排出的多尘的固体颗粒被洗涤器冲洗掉。 洗出的固体颗粒的悬浮液变稠并分离成澄清的溢流和浓缩的煤浆。 煤浆被再循环到熔化气化炉中，用氧气压力气化，并且被燃烧器燃烧，该燃烧器布置在熔化气化器的上部并被引向煤流化床。
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公开(公告)号：US4659375A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US815223
申请日：1985-12-31
申请人： Ernest S. Geskin
发明人： Ernest S. Geskin
CPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C21D1/44 , C21D9/70 , C22B15/0041 , C22B15/0052 , C22B15/0095 , C22B7/003 , C22B9/16 , F27D17/004 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0976 , Y02P10/212
摘要： A method of heating gases for combustion, operating turbines, and heating of a material and the like comprises the steps of providing a melt deposited in a vessel including two vessel elements and selected from the group consisting of a metal, a slag which is a mixture of metal oxides and nonmetal oxides, and a metal and a slag, supplying coal, air, fluxes and hot flue gases into the melt, passing the flue gases leaving the melt through a gas heater, passing a gas to be heated through one of the vessel elements, circulating the melt between the vessel elements, and supplying the gas which has been heated during passing through the one vessel element, to a gas consumer.
摘要翻译： 用于燃烧气体，操作涡轮机和加热材料等的方法包括以下步骤：提供沉积在容器中的熔体，所述容器包括两个容器元件，并且选自金属，作为混合物的炉渣 的金属氧化物和非金属氧化物，以及金属和炉渣，将煤，空气，助熔剂和热烟道气供应到熔体中，使通过气体加热器离开熔体的烟道气通过待加热的气体通过其中一个 容器元件，使容器元件之间的熔体循环，以及将通过一个容器元件期间被加热的气体供给到燃气消耗器。
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公开(公告)号：US4511372A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-16
申请号：US574665
申请日：1984-01-27
CPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C21B13/0026 , C10J2300/092 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0996 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A method of gasifying carbon (C) in the form of coal, hydrocarbons and/or hydrocarbon compounds, comprising the steps of into a reactor vessel holding a molten iron bath to inject carbon, oxygen and iron oxides beneath the surface of the molten iron bath, where the iron oxides constitute a coolant and where carbon is injected in a stoichiometric excess relative to oxygen included in the bath in the form of oxides, and where the molten iron bath has such a carbon content that it solves-in carbon. According to the invention, the reactor vessel is caused to have an inner total pressure of 2 to 50 bar, preferably 4 to 10 bar.Hereby the gas production and the production of pig iron increase. Furthermore, the dust formation and the lining wear are reduced substantially.
摘要翻译： 一种气化碳，碳氢化合物和/或烃化合物形式的碳（C）的方法，包括以下步骤：将容纳铁水浴的反应器容器注入到铁水浴表面下方的碳，氧和氧化铁 ，其中铁氧化物构成冷却剂，并且其中以相对于氧化物形式的浴中包含的氧化学计量过量的碳注入碳，并且其中铁水浴具有其在碳中解析的碳含量。 根据本发明，反应器容器的内部总压力为2至50巴，优选为4至10巴。 因此，天然气生产和生铁生产增加。 此外，粉尘形成和衬里磨损显着降低。
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公开(公告)号：US4500323A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-19
申请号：US402850
申请日：1982-07-29
申请人： Peter Siegfried , Martin Wenger
发明人： Peter Siegfried , Martin Wenger
CPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/38 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/06 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0986
摘要： An increased reaction velocity is achieved when gasifying a raw carboniferous material with H.sub.2 O. The raw material is suspended or emulsified in a liquid aqueous solution of a catalytically active salt, and the amount of the catalytically active salt and the pressure are such that the aqueous solution is maintained in the liquid phase.
摘要翻译： 当用H 2 O气化原料含碳材料时，获得了增加的反应速度。 将原料悬浮或乳化在催化活性盐的液体水溶液中，催化活性盐的量和压力使得水溶液保持在液相中。
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公开(公告)号：US4427527A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-24
申请号：US330455
申请日：1981-12-14
申请人： Hans U. Borgstedt
发明人： Hans U. Borgstedt
CPC分类号： C10G1/06
摘要： A process for the hydrogenation of coal which comprises introducing a hydrogen containing gas into a substantially saturated solution of carbon in a metallic medium at a temperature below 900.degree. K. to convert C and H to hydrocarbon compounds within the medium.
摘要翻译： 一种煤的氢化方法，其包括在低于900°K的温度下将含氢气体引入金属介质中的基本上饱和的碳溶液中，以将C和H转化为介质中的烃化合物。
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29.发明授权Process for producing alloy steel product or iron powder by furnacing ground iron or molten iron on a molten lead bath 失效通过在熔融铅浴中加入研磨铁或铁水来生产合金钢产品或铁粉的方法
公开(公告)号：US4406695A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-27
申请号：US261461
申请日：1981-05-07
申请人： Herman E. Gardner
发明人： Herman E. Gardner
CPC分类号： C22C33/0235 , C10J3/57 , C21B13/00 , C21B13/008 , C21B15/00 , C22B13/02 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1659
摘要： An iron containing 3% to 6% carbon and small quantities of manganese, silicon, sulfur and phosphorus produced by the blast furnace, electric furnace or other well-known furnaces, requires a relatively low temperature to convert to the molten state. This molten iron can be refined on the surface of molten lead at temperatures from 1000.degree. C. to 1525.degree. C. containing on the surface of the molten lead an oxide of lead or oxides of nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and other metals whose oxides are reducible to the elemental state by carbon resulting in a refined or alloyed steel and/or increasing amount of molten lead. The carbon monoxide formed in this reaction may be combined with hydrogen at temperatures of 400.degree. C. to 1000.degree. C. and 100 atmospheres to 150 atmospheres in the presence of a proper catalyst according to the known Fischer-Tropsch reaction to form a petroleum product. Alternatively a finely ground iron containing 3% carbon to 6% carbon can be furnaced at 1000.degree. C. to 1525.degree. C. to produce either iron powder to fabricate powder metallurgy parts or a steel billet to make steels of any shape or form with rolling equipment. Also the carbides of nickel, cobalt and other elements can be converted to the elemental state by reaction with an oxide on the surface of the molten lead.
摘要翻译： 由高炉，电炉或其他众所周知的炉子生产的含有3％至6％碳和少量锰，硅，硫和磷的铁需要相对较低的温度才能转化为熔融状态。 该熔融铁可以在熔融铅表面上在1000℃至1525℃的温度下在熔融铅的表面上精炼，其中氧化物为镍，钴，铁，锰，铜，锌的氧化物 ，以及氧化物可通过碳还原成元素状态的其它金属，导致精炼或合金化的钢和/或增加量的熔融铅。 在该反应中形成的一氧化碳可以在合适的催化剂存在下，根据已知的费 - 托反应在400℃至1000℃和100大气压至150大气压的温度下与氢气结合，形成石油产品 。 或者，可以在1000℃至1525℃下加入含有3％碳至6％碳的精细研磨的铁，以生产铁粉以制造粉末冶金部件或钢坯，以制造任何形状或形式的钢，其中轧制 设备。 镍，钴和其他元素的碳化物也可以通过与熔融铅的表面上的氧化物反应而转变为元素状态。
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公开(公告)号：US4344773A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-17
申请号：US217816
申请日：1980-12-18
CPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1628
摘要： In a device for the gasification of carbon and/or carbon-containing media, in particular for the continuous production of a gas essentially containing CO and H.sub.2 with a molten bath of iron or an iron alloy, a reactor receives the carbon-containing media and oxidizing gasification media under the surface of the molten bath, and outlets are provided for gas and for removing at least one liquid phase, in particular slag. The reactor is stationary and is tightly sealed to a gas outlet and to a liquid outlet. In a wall region of the reactor and close to the floor thereof a plurality of nozzles are provided for feeding the gasification media. The nozzles are distributed almost symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane which extends axially with respect to the liquid outlet and to the reactor floor about the circumference of the wall region.
摘要翻译： 在用于气化碳和/或含碳介质的装置中，特别是为了连续生产基本上含有CO和H 2的气体与铁或铁合金的熔池，反应器接收含碳介质和 在熔池表面下的氧化气化介质，为气体提供出口，并用于除去至少一个液相，特别是渣。 反应器是静止的并且紧密地密封到气体出口和液体出口。 在反应器的壁区域中并靠近地板，设有多个喷嘴以供给气化介质。 喷嘴相对于相对于液体出口轴向延伸并且围绕壁区域的圆周延伸到反应器底板的垂直平面几乎对称地分布。
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