Abstract:
A particulate water absorbing agent of the present invention includes a water absorbent resin, having a cross-linking structure, whose surface has been cross-linked by adding a surface treatment agent, wherein: (i) a mass average particle diameter (D50) ranges from 200 to 600 μm and 95 to 100 wt % of a particulate water absorbing agent whose particle diameter ranges from less than 850 μm to not less than 150 μm is contained with respect to 100 wt % of whole the particulate water absorbing agent, and (ii) a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of particle size distribution ranges from 0.25 to 0.45, and (iii) a compressibility rate defined by a following equation ranges from 0 to 18%, and (iv) a surface tension of a supernatant liquid obtained in 4 minutes after dispersing 0.5 g of the particulate water absorbing agent in 50 ml of physiological saline whose temperature is 20° C. is 55 mN/m or more, the compressibility rate (%)=(P−A)/P×100 where P represents a tapped bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent and A represents a loose bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent.
Abstract:
A method for producing a porous material excelling in stability of preservation is produced. A method for the production of a porous material comprising a step for obtaining a porous polymer by polymerizing an HIPE containing a polymerizable monomer is disclosed, which method comprises a step for adding a compound capable of reacting with a polymerization initiator and/or a compound capable of reacting with an unsaturated double bond to said emulsion, said porous polymer and/or said porous material having a conversion of not less than 70%. According to this invention, it is made possible to produce a porous material excelling in stability in storage and to decrease the polymerization initiator and the residual monomer very simply.
Abstract:
A chemical amplification type positive resist composition which is good in resolution, provide a good pattern profile under exposure using light of wavelength of 220 nm or shorter even when applied on a basic substrate or a low reflectance substrate and which comprises an acid generator comprising an aliphatic sulfonium salt represented by the following formula (I): wherein Q1 represents an alkyl group, Q2 represents an alkyl or a residue of an alicyclic hydrocarbon and m represents an integer of 1 to 8; and onium salt selected from triphenylsulfonium salts represented by the following formula (IIa) and diphenyliodonium salts represented by the following formula (IIb): wherein Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6 and Q7each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and q and p represent a integer of 4 to 8; and (2) a resin which has a polymerization unit with a group unstable to an acid, and is insoluble or barely soluble in alkali by itself but changes soluble in alkali by an action of the acid, is provided.
Abstract:
Crude 4,4'-diamino-l,l'-dianthraquinonyl-3,3'-disulfonic acids or salts thereof are purified by subjecting an aqueous solution containing the crude products to salting-out using inorganic salts, the aqueous solution being adjusted within a range of from acid to neutral region, whereby a product usable as such for the production of 4,4'-diamino-1,1'-dianthraquinonyl red pigments having excellent pigmentary properties is obtained in high yields with industrial advantages.