公开(公告)号：US5865598A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-02

申请号：US886877

申请日：1997-07-02

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01K11/10 ,  F01B25/26 ,  F03B11/00 ,  G01N17/00

CPC classification number: G01K11/10

Abstract: This invention includes a detection system that can determine if a turbine component, such as a turbine vane or blade, has exceeded a critical temperature, such as a melting point, along any point along the entire surface of the vane or blade. This system can be employed in a conventional combustion turbine having a compressor, a combustor and a turbine section. Included within this system is a chemical coating disposed along the entire interior surface of a vane or blade and a closed loop cooling system that circulates a coolant through the interior of the vane or blade. If the temperature of the vane or blade exceeds a critical temperature, the chemical coating will be expelled from the vane or blade into the coolant. Since while traversing the closed loop cooling system the coolant passes through a detector, the presence of the chemical coating in the coolant will be sensed by the system. If the chemical coating is detected, this indicates that the vane or blade has exceeded a critical temperature.

Abstract translation: 本发明包括一种检测系统，其可以沿着沿着叶片或叶片的整个表面的任何点确定诸如涡轮机叶片或叶片的涡轮机部件是否已经超过临界温度，例如熔点。 该系统可用于具有压缩机，燃烧器和涡轮机部分的传统燃气轮机。 在该系统中包括沿着叶片或叶片的整个内表面设置的化学涂层和使冷却剂循环通过叶片或叶片的内部的闭环冷却系统。 如果叶片或叶片的温度超过临界温度，化学涂层将从叶片或叶片排出到冷却液中。 由于在穿过闭环冷却系统时，冷却剂通过检测器，因此冷却液中的化学涂层的存在将被系统感测到。 如果检测到化学涂层，则表明叶片或叶片已超过临界温度。

公开(公告)号：US5134378A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-28

申请号：US666316

申请日：1991-03-08

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01R31/34

CPC classification number: G01R31/34

Abstract: Both a system and method is provided for detecting faults in the insulating interface disposed between the shaft of a generator, and the bearings and seals that rotatably support it that generally comprises a transformer for selectively inducing an alternating electric potential into the shaft while the shaft is stationary, and a voltage meter for detecting whether the transformer-induced voltage is transmitted across the insulating interfaces. The number of wire windings used in the transformer of the system is preferably chosen so that the ac voltage induced in the shaft has substantially the same characteristics as the ac voltage induced by dissymmetry currents when the shaft is rotated by the turbines which drive the electric generator. The system of the invention is capable of not only detecting the existence of an insulation failure, but also its exact location so that only the defective portion of the insulation need be repaired.

公开(公告)号：US5032826A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-16

申请号：US368102

申请日：1989-06-19

Applicant: Robert C. Miller ,  Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Robert C. Miller ,  Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01R31/34

CPC classification number: G01R31/34

Abstract: The present invention is a monitor that detects generator core 12 hot spots where the insulation between ferromagnetic sheets is breaking down by monitoring rotor 10 shaft voltage. The difference between the differential shaft voltage at each end of the rotor 14 produces a voltage signal that changes as the core 12 malfunctions. By comparing signal samples over time, core failure can be detected. Spring loaded rotor shaft brushes 20 and 22 connected to differential isolation amplifiers 24 and 26 obtain the voltage between ends 16 and 18 of the rotating shaft and nearby frame, and a differential amplifier 28 produces the difference between the shaft end differential voltages which is the shaft dissymmetry voltage. An analog-to-digital converter 30 produces digital values of the dissymmetry voltage which can be converted into a voltage frequency spectrum by a Fourier Transform routine executed by a computer 32 or analyzed directly. The computer 32 monitors the spectrum or time domain signal over time for changes and produces an alarm when the changes exceed a threshold. Bandpass filters 34 and a simple threshold comparison routine or analog threshold devices can substitute for the FFT routine.

Abstract translation: 本发明是通过监测转子10轴电压来检测发电机铁芯12的热点，其中铁磁性薄片之间的绝缘被分解。 转子14的每端的差动轴电压之间的差产生随着铁心12发生故障而变化的电压信号。 通过随时间比较信号样本，可以检测到核心故障。 连接到差分隔离放大器24和26的弹簧加载的转子轴电刷20和22获得旋转轴和附近框架的端部16和18之间的电压，并且差分放大器28产生作为轴的轴端差分电压之间的差 不对称电压。 模拟 - 数字转换器30产生不对称电压的数字值，其可以通过由计算机32执行的傅里叶变换程序转换成电压频谱或直接分析。 计算机32随时间监视频谱或时域信号以进行改变，并且当改变超过阈值时产生警报。 带通滤波器34和简单的阈值比较程序或模拟阈值装置可替代FFT程序。

公开(公告)号：US4851949A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-25

申请号：US205695

申请日：1988-06-13

Applicant: Thomas A. Lemak ,  Robert L. Osborne ,  Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Thomas A. Lemak ,  Robert L. Osborne ,  Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: H02K11/00 ,  H02H3/14

CPC classification number: H02H3/14

Abstract: In an active shaft ground system for maintaining a rotating shaft (4) of a machine substantially at ground potential, which system includes a circuit coupled to the shaft (4) for monitoring the voltage on the shaft (4) relative to ground and a brush (6) coupled to the circuit and contacting the shaft (4) for conducting to the shaft (4) a compensating current having an amplitude and polarity adjusted for maintaining the shaft voltage substantially at ground potential, there is provided shaft condition detection circuitry (18,20,24,26,28,34,36) coupled to the circuit for monitoring the voltage on the shaft (4) relative to ground and the current flowing between the brush (6) and the shaft (4) and for producing a fault indication when the voltage on the shaft (4) relative to ground is outside of a selected range at the same time that the current flowing through the brush (6) is substantially equal to zero. The detection circuitry permits reliable monitoring of brush bounce and distinguishes between that condition and brush rub.

Abstract translation: 在主动轴接地系统中，用于维持基本上处于地电位的机器的旋转轴（4），该系统包括耦合到轴（4）的电路，用于监测相对于地面的轴（4）上的电压和刷 （6），其联接到所述电路并且接触所述轴（4），用于传导到所述轴（4），具有调整的振幅和极性的补偿电流，用于将所述轴电压基本上保持在接地电位，所述轴状态检测电路（18） ，20,24,26,28,34,36），其耦合到所述电路，用于监测所述轴（4）相对于地面的电压和在所述电刷（6）和所述轴（4）之间流动的电流，并且用于产生 当轴（4）相对于地面上的电压在流过刷（6）的电流基本上等于零时的同时超出选定范围的故障指示。 检测电路允许可靠地监测刷反弹，并区分该状况和刷擦。

公开(公告)号：US4831875A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-23

申请号：US44627

申请日：1987-05-01

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01F1/00 ,  G01F5/00

CPC classification number: G01F5/00 ,  Y10T137/4463

Abstract: Fail-safe bypass monitoring system for measuring volumetric flow rates in a pipe which normally carries a relatively low pressure, low volume gas flow. The system comprises a water trap valve positioned to seal off relatively low pressure gas flow through the pipe and divert the gas flow through a flowmeter. The flowmeter receives gas flow from the pipe adjacent a first end of the water trap valve and returns gas flow to the pipe adjacent a second end of the water trap valve. The water trap valve always passes relatively high pressure gas directly through the pipe.

Abstract translation: 故障安全旁路监控系统，用于测量通常承载相对低压，低体积气体流量的管道中的体积流量。 该系统包括一个定位成密封通过管道的相对低压气体流动并将气流转移通过流量计的止水阀。 流量计接收来自与捕水阀第一端相邻的管道的气流，并将气流返回到与捕水阀的第二端相邻的管道。 漏水阀总是通过相对高压的气体直接通过管道。

公开(公告)号：US4628196A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-09

申请号：US772587

申请日：1985-09-04

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G01K5/72 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G01K11/14

CPC classification number: G01K5/72

Abstract: Apparatus which measures temperature in the high voltage environment of an electrical generator includes a temperature sensing element which includes a polarizing filter rotatable as a function of temperature. Light from a source is passed through the filter and the polarized light is again polarized through the use of a constantly rotating second polarizing filter behind which is a detector operable to provide an AC signal as a function of the doubly polarized light intensity. A reference beam is passed through the second rotating filter as well as a manually rotatable polarizing filter and is detected so as to provide a second AC signal. After an initialization, the AC signals are compared in phase, with the phase difference between them being a function of the temperature being measured.

Abstract translation: 测量发电机高压环境温度的装置包括温度感测元件，其包括可根据温度旋转的偏振滤光器。 来自源的光通过滤光器，并且偏振光再次通过使用恒定旋转的第二偏振滤光器而极化，其后面是可操作以提供作为双偏振光强度的函数的AC信号的检测器。 参考光束通过第二旋转滤光器以及可手动旋转的偏振滤光器，并且被检测以提供第二AC信号。 在初始化之后，AC信号被相位比较，它们之间的相位差是被测温度的函数。

公开(公告)号：US20150128596A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-14

申请号：US14077571

申请日：2013-11-12

Applicant: Edward David Thompson ,  Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Edward David Thompson ,  Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: F01D21/14

CPC classification number: F01D21/14 ,  F01D5/26 ,  F01D25/04 ,  F01D25/06 ,  F01K7/04 ,  F01K7/14 ,  F01K7/22 ,  F01K7/24 ,  F01K13/02 ,  F02C9/00 ,  F05D2220/31 ,  F05D2260/80 ,  F05D2270/334 ,  F05D2270/803

Abstract: A blade vibration monitor backpressure limiting system (BVMBLS), that in addition to direct blade vibration and condenser backpressure monitoring utilizes other plural types of other parallel, real time monitored power plant operation state (OS) information that influences blade vibration. The system references previously stored information in an information storage device that associates respective types of monitored OS information with blade vibration. The BVMBLS determines in real time a likelihood of whether any of the monitored operation states, alone or in combination with other types of monitored operation states, is indicative of a turbine blade vibration safe operation (SO). The BVMBLS determination is utilized to increase or reduce power generation load incrementally so that power efficiency and maximum load is enhanced while turbine blade vibration is maintained in a safe operation state. The previously stored information is updated to new association information.

Abstract translation: 叶片振动监测器背压限制系统（BVMBLS）除了直接叶片振动和冷凝器背压监测之外，还利用影响叶片振动的其他多种类型的其他并行实时监测的发电厂运行状态（OS）信息。 该系统将先前存储的信息引用到信息存​​储设备中，该信息存储设备将各种监视的OS信息与刀片振动相关联。 BVMBLS实时确定是否单独或与其他类型的监视操作状态组合的任何监视的操作状态是否表示涡轮叶片振动安全操作（SO）的可能性。 BVMBLS确定用于增加或减少发电负载，从而提高功率效率和最大负载，同时涡轮叶片振动保持在安全运行状态。 先前存储的信息被更新为新的关联信息。

公开(公告)号：US08820167B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-02

申请号：US13024501

申请日：2011-02-10

Applicant: Evangelos V. Diatzikis ,  Michael Twerdochlib ,  Luis Alberto de Almeida Ferreira ,  Francisco Manuel Moita Araújo

Inventor： Evangelos V. Diatzikis ,  Michael Twerdochlib ,  Luis Alberto de Almeida Ferreira ,  Francisco Manuel Moita Araújo

IPC: G01H9/00

CPC classification number: G01H9/004

Abstract: A sensor includes a housing adapted to be secured to a component within a system to be monitored by the sensor, an optical fiber, and a membrane spring assembly. The optical fiber includes a sensing portion containing a fiber Bragg grating that is able to undergo expansion and contraction resulting from movement of the optical fiber at a second location relative to a first location. The membrane spring assembly includes a membrane disc, wherein movement of a central portion thereof causes corresponding displacement of the optical fiber at the second location to cause expansion and contraction of the sensing portion of the optical fiber containing the fiber Bragg grating, which expansion and contraction effects a change in a light wavelength reflected by the fiber Bragg grating. The light wavelength reflected by the fiber Bragg grating can be used to measure movement of the central portion of the membrane disc.

Abstract translation: 传感器包括适于被固定到系统内以由传感器，光纤和膜弹簧组件监测的部件的壳体。 光纤包括感测部分，其包含光纤布拉格光栅，该光纤布拉格光栅能够经受由相对于第一位置的第二位置处的光纤移动而导致的扩展和收缩。 膜弹簧组件包括膜片，其中心部分的运动引起光纤在第二位置的相应位移，以引起包含光纤布拉格光栅的光纤的感测部分的膨胀和收缩，该扩展和收缩 影响由光纤布拉格光栅反射的光波长的变化。 由光纤布拉格光栅反射的光波长可用于测量膜片中心部分的运动。

公开(公告)号：US20120204651A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-16

申请号：US13024501

申请日：2011-02-10

Applicant: Evangelos V. Diatzikis ,  Michael Twerdochlib ,  Luis Alberto de Almeida Ferreira ,  Francisco Manuel Moita Araújo

Inventor： Evangelos V. Diatzikis ,  Michael Twerdochlib ,  Luis Alberto de Almeida Ferreira ,  Francisco Manuel Moita Araújo

IPC: G01H9/00

CPC classification number: G01H9/004

Abstract: A sensor includes a housing adapted to be secured to a component within a system to be monitored by the sensor, an optical fiber, and a membrane spring assembly. The optical fiber includes a sensing portion containing a fiber Bragg grating that is able to undergo expansion and contraction resulting from movement of the optical fiber at a second location relative to a first location. The membrane spring assembly includes a membrane disc, wherein movement of a central portion thereof causes corresponding displacement of the optical fiber at the second location to cause expansion and contraction of the sensing portion of the optical fiber containing the fiber Bragg grating, which expansion and contraction effects a change in a light wavelength reflected by the fiber Bragg grating. The light wavelength reflected by the fiber Bragg grating can be used to measure movement of the central portion of the membrane disc.

Abstract translation: 传感器包括适于被固定到系统内以由传感器，光纤和膜弹簧组件监测的部件的壳体。 光纤包括感测部分，其包含光纤布拉格光栅，该光纤布拉格光栅能够经受由相对于第一位置的第二位置处的光纤移动而导致的扩展和收缩。 膜弹簧组件包括膜片，其中心部分的运动引起光纤在第二位置的相应位移，以引起包含光纤布拉格光栅的光纤的感测部分的膨胀和收缩，该扩展和收缩 影响由光纤布拉格光栅反射的光波长的变化。 由光纤布拉格光栅反射的光波长可用于测量膜片中心部分的运动。

公开(公告)号：US08126662B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-28

申请号：US12360897

申请日：2009-01-28

Applicant: Michael Twerdochlib

Inventor： Michael Twerdochlib

IPC: G06F11/00

CPC classification number: G01H1/006

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring blade vibrations in a turbine engine having blade tip target portions associated with blades. An illumination conduit including a plurality of optical fibers conveys light from a light source to a transmission end of the optical fibers where the light is focused to define an axially elongated projected image. The blade tip target portions pass through the projected image and reflect light to receptor ends of a plurality of optical fibers defining a detection conduit for conveying the reflected light to a processor. The transmission ends and receptor ends of the optical fibers are configured as a narrow rectangle to define a probe end for receiving reflected light at different axial locations along the probe end, and to detect blade passing events defined by passage of either or both a blade leading edge and a blade trailing edge.

Abstract translation: 一种用于监测涡轮发动机中的叶片振动的方法和装置，其具有与叶片相关联的叶片尖端目标部分。 包括多个光纤的照明导管将来自光源的光传输到光纤的透射端，在该光纤的发射端处聚焦以限定轴向细长的投影图像。 刀尖目标部分穿过投影图像并将光反射到限定用于将反射光传送到处理器的检测导管的多个光纤的受体端。 传输端和光纤的接收端被配置成一个窄矩形，以限定一个探头端，用于接收沿探头端的不同轴向位置处的反射光，并检测由通过叶片引导 边缘和叶片后缘。