公开(公告)号：US06402919B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09509646

申请日：2000-05-25

Applicant: Rauno Virtanen

Inventor： Rauno Virtanen

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44704

Abstract: The invention relates to a capillary electrophoresis apparatus, comprising background solution containing reservoirs, which are interconnected by way of a separating capillary (1), current electrodes (E) connected to a voltage source, and a detector (4) essentially in the proximity of the outlet end of the separating capillary (1), as well as one or more solution reservoirs (R1-R3) on the injection side of the apparatus and one or more solution reservoirs (R4-R6) on the detector side of the apparatus, the ends of the separating capillary (1) being placed in expansions (5, 7), intended for feeding various solutions from the reservoirs (R1-R6) and extending from the bottom ends of capillary tubes (2, 3), said expansions extending as waste ducts (W1, W2) to waste containers, said waste containers being located at a distance from the ends of the separating capillary (1), and the current electrodes (E) being located in the waste ducts (W1, W2), preferably in the proximity of the discharge ends thereof.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种毛细管电泳装置，其包括通过分离毛细管（1），连接到电压源的电流电极（E）和基本上位于 分离毛细管（1）的出口端以及装置的注射侧上的一个或多个溶液储存器（R1-R3）和装置的检测器侧上的一个或多个溶液储存器（R4-R6） 分离毛细管（1）的端部被放置在膨胀（5,7）中，用于从储存器（R1-R6）供给各种溶液并从毛细管（2,3）的底端延伸，所述膨胀延伸 作为废物容器的废物管道（W1，W2），所述废物容器位于离开分离毛细管（1）的端部一定距离处，并且当前电极（E）位于废物管道（W1，W2）中， 优选地在放电e附近 其中。

公开(公告)号：US06379516B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US08734929

申请日：1996-10-22

Applicant: Shmuel Cabilly ,  Uri Yogev ,  Ilana Margalit

Inventor： Shmuel Cabilly ,  Uri Yogev ,  Ilana Margalit

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44721 ,  B01D57/02 ,  G01N27/44704

Abstract: Apparatus for conducting electrophoresis separation therein. The apparatus includes a chamber having therein a body of separating gel for carrying therein an electrophoresis separation and electrodes for connecting the chamber to an external electrical power source, thereby driving the electrophoresis separation. According to the invention at least one of the electrodes also providing ions for driving the electrophoresis separation. In one preferred embodiment, the apparatus is a cassette substantially closed before, during and after electrophoresis separation. According to an aspect of the invention the pH in the body of separating gel is substantially constant during the electrophoresis separation.

Abstract translation: 用于在其中进行电泳分离的装置。 该装置包括：室，其中具有用于携带电泳分离的分离凝胶体，以及用于将室连接到外部电源的电极，从而驱动电泳分离。 根据本发明，至少一个电极还提供用于驱动电泳分离的离子。 在一个优选实施方案中，该装置是在电泳分离之前，期间和之后基本封闭的盒。 根据本发明的一个方面，分离凝胶体内的pH在电泳分离过程中基本上是恒定的。

公开(公告)号：US06379515B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09180984

申请日：1998-11-19

Applicant: Angelika Muscate-Magnussen ,  Aran Paulus ,  François Natt

Inventor： Angelika Muscate-Magnussen ,  Aran Paulus ,  François Natt

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44747

Abstract: Process for the selective separation of electrically charged target molecules in an analytical mixture by means of capillary affinity gel electrophoresis, using a capillary tube which is at least partly filled with a polymer gel, whereby receptors for target molecules are covalently bound to the polymer, and an electric field of at least 50 volts/cm is applied, characterized in that (a) the capillary tube is charged with the analytical mixture, (b) in a first separation stage the target molecules in the analytical mixture are bound to the receptors and the remaining components are eluted, optionally while splitting open, and (c) in a second stage of the process the elution conditions are changed, optionally in stages, so that the affinity of the target molecules for the receptor is eliminated and the target molecules are eluted and detected, optionally whilst splitting open.

Abstract translation: 通过毛细管亲和性凝胶电泳，使用至少部分填充有聚合物凝胶的毛细管选择性分离分析混合物中的带电荷的靶分子的方法，由此靶分子的受体共价结合到聚合物上，以及 施加至少50伏/厘米的电场，其特征在于（a）毛细管装有分析混合物，（b）在第一分离阶段，分析混合物中的靶分子与受体结合， 洗脱剩余的组分，任选地分开开放，和（c）在该过程的第二阶段中，洗脱条件可任选地分阶段改变，从而消除靶分子对受体的亲和力，靶分子是 洗脱和检测，任选地同时分开开放。

公开(公告)号：US06372105B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US08657903

申请日：1996-06-07

Applicant: Hirokazu Saito ,  Sugihiko Tada

Inventor： Hirokazu Saito ,  Sugihiko Tada

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G03C1/015

Abstract: A method of producing a silver halide photographic emulsion in which a silver ion concentration in precipitation of a silver halide emulsion in a precipitation bath is controlled, wherein a precipitation bath in which stirring is conducted rapidly and uniformly, and crystal formation and crystal growth are uniformly performed is used, the method comprises the steps of: in a start period of precipitation, quantitavely adding a silver nitrate solution and a halogen salt solution at a constant ratio flow rate; when an EAg value reaches a designated EAg value region in the vicinity of a preset target EAg value, starting a control of an adding rate of the halogen salt solution by using a controller which has an operation period equal to or shorter than 1 sec.; and after holding a tuning parameter of a proportional, integral and differential (PID) action controller to a minimum response level, conducting a control in which the tuning parameter is switched to an optimum control tuning parameter which corresponds to the preset target value and a solute rate of silver/halogen ions to be added.

Abstract translation: 一种卤化银照相乳剂的制备方法，其中控制沉淀浴中的卤化银乳剂沉淀中的银离子浓度，其中快速且均匀地进行搅拌的沉淀浴以及晶体生成和晶体生长均匀 所述方法包括以下步骤：在起始沉淀期间，以恒定比例流量定量加入硝酸银溶液和卤素盐溶液; 当EAg值达到预设目标EAg值附近的指定EAg值区域时，通过使用具有等于或小于1sec的操作周期的控制器开始控制卤盐溶液的添加率; 并且在将比例积分微分（PID）动作控制器的调谐参数保持在最小响应水平之后，进行将调谐参数切换到对应于预设目标值的最佳控制调谐参数的控制和溶质 银/卤离子的添加​​速率。

公开(公告)号：US06365024B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-02

申请号：US09372151

申请日：1999-08-11

Applicant: Qingbo Li ,  Thomas E. Kane ,  Changsheng Liu ,  Bernard Sonnenschein ,  Michael V. Sharer ,  John R. Kernan

Inventor： Qingbo Li ,  Thomas E. Kane ,  Changsheng Liu ,  Bernard Sonnenschein ,  Michael V. Sharer ,  John R. Kernan

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N27/44721 ,  G01N27/44782

Abstract: An automated electrophoretic system is disclosed. The system employs a capillary cartridge having a plurality of capillary tubes. The cartridge has a first array of capillary ends projecting from one side of a plate. The first array of capillary ends are spaced apart in substantially the same manner as the wells of a microtitre tray of standard size. This allows one to simultaneously perform capillary electrophoresis on samples present in each of the wells of the tray. The system includes a stacked, dual carrousel arrangement to eliminate cross-contamination resulting from reuse of the same buffer tray on consecutive executions from electrophoresis. The system also has a gel delivery module containing a gel syringe/a stepper motor or a high pressure chamber with a pump to quickly and uniformly deliver gel through the capillary tubes. The system further includes a multi-wavelength beam generator to generate a laser beam which produces a beam with a wide range of wavelengths. An off-line capillary reconditioner thoroughly cleans a capillary cartridge to enable simultaneous execution of electrophoresis with another capillary cartridge. The streamlined nature of the off-line capillary reconditioner offers the advantage of increased system throughput with a minimal increase in system cost.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种自动电泳系统。 该系统采用具有多个毛细管的毛细管盒。 盒具有从板的一侧突出的第一阵列的毛细管端。 毛细管端部的第一阵列以与标准尺寸的微量托盘的孔基本相同的方式间隔开。 这允许人们同时对存在于托盘的每个孔中的样品进行毛细管电泳。 该系统包括堆叠的双转盘装置，以消除由连续的电泳执行中重复使用相同的缓冲盘引起的交叉污染。 该系统还具有含有凝胶注射器/步进电机或具有泵的高压室的凝胶递送模块，以通过毛细管快速均匀地输送凝胶。 该系统还包括多波长光束发生器，以产生产生具有宽波长范围的光束的激光束。 离线毛细管修复器彻底清洁毛细管柱，以便同时执行另一个毛细管柱的电泳。 离线毛细管再生器的流线型性质提供了增加系统吞吐量的优点，同时最小化了系统成本。

公开(公告)号：US06352633B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-05

申请号：US09388125

申请日：1999-08-31

Applicant: Changsheng Liu ,  Thomas E Kane ,  Qingbo Li

Inventor： Changsheng Liu ,  Thomas E Kane ,  Qingbo Li

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: C07K1/26 ,  G01N27/44704 ,  G01N27/44743 ,  G01N27/44782 ,  Y10T436/2575

Abstract: An automated capillary zone electrophoretic system is disclosed. The system employs a capillary cartridge having a plurality of capillary tubes. The cartridge has a first array of capillary ends projecting from one side of a plate. The first array of capillary ends are spaced apart in substantially the same manner as the wells of a microtitre tray of standard size. This allows one to simultaneously perform capillary electrophoresis on samples present in each of the wells of the tray. The system includes a stacked, dual carrousel arrangement to eliminate cross-contamination resulting from reuse of the same buffer tray on consecutive executions from electrophoresis. The system also has a container connected to the detection end of the capillaries. The container is provided with valving which facilitate cleaning the capillaries, loading buffer into the capillaries, introducing samples to be electrophoresced into the capillaries, and performing capillary zone electrophoresis on the thus introduced samples.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种自动化毛细管区域电泳系统。 该系统采用具有多个毛细管的毛细管盒。 盒具有从板的一侧突出的第一阵列的毛细管端。 毛细管端部的第一阵列以与标准尺寸的微量托盘的孔基本相同的方式间隔开。 这允许人们同时对存在于托盘的每个孔中的样品进行毛细管电泳。 该系统包括堆叠的双转盘装置，以消除由连续的电泳执行中重复使用相同的缓冲盘引起的交叉污染。 该系统还具有连接到毛细管的检测端的容器。 该容器设置有阀，其有助于清洁毛细管，将缓冲液加载到毛细管中，将待电泳的样品引入毛细管中，并在这样引入的样品上进行毛细管区带电泳。

公开(公告)号：US06325904B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-04

申请号：US09547777

申请日：2000-04-12

Applicant: John P. Peeters

Inventor： John P. Peeters

IPC: G01N2726

Abstract: An array of electrodes at the atomic or nano scale (nanoelectrodes) is built on a chip. The spatial distribution, height, width and electrochemical composition of the nanoelectrodes is varied, such that protein-specific electronic receptors are built directly on the chip with the nanoelectrodes without the use of any specific binding agents or molecules. Because of their size, a very large number of different receptors can be built as arrays on a single chip. The chip can be used to detect, characterize and quantify single molecules in solution such as individual proteins, complex protein mixtures, DNA or other molecules.

Abstract translation: 原子或纳米尺度的电极阵列（纳米电极）被构建在芯片上。 纳米电极的空间分布，高度，宽度和电化学组成是不同的，使得蛋白质特异性电子受体直接用纳米电极构建在芯片上，而不使用任何特异性结合剂或分子。 由于它们的尺寸，可以在单个芯片上构建非常大数量的不同的受体作为阵列。 该芯片可用于检测，表征和量化溶液中的单个分子，如单个蛋白质，复合蛋白质混合物，DNA或其他分子。

公开(公告)号：US06322683B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09291808

申请日：1999-04-14

Applicant: Jeffrey A. Wolk ,  Richard J. McReynolds ,  J. Wallace Parce

Inventor： Jeffrey A. Wolk ,  Richard J. McReynolds ,  J. Wallace Parce

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: B01L3/502707 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2300/0887 ,  B01L2400/0415 ,  B01L2400/0487

Abstract: Microfluidic devices are fabricated by fabricating structures that are used to align elements that are to be attached to the devices or tools that are to be used in further fabrication steps on those devices. Elements to be attached include additional substrate layers, external sampling elements, e.g. capillaries, and the like. Preferred alignment structures include wells over which reservoirs are positioned, notches for use with alignment keys to align substrate layers or for receiving additional structural elements, and targets or guide holes for receiving tooling in further fabrication steps.

Abstract translation: 微流体装置通过制造用于对准要附接到在这些装置上的进一步制造步骤中使用的装置或工具的元件的结构来制造。 待连接的元件包括附加的基底层，外部取样元件， 毛细血管等。 优选的对准结构包括在其上定位储存器的孔，用于对齐键以对准衬底层或用于接收附加结构元件的凹口，以及用于在进一步制造步骤中接收工具的靶或引导孔。

公开(公告)号：US06319380B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09101944

申请日：1999-03-11

Applicant: Eva Berggren ,  Ilya Zelikman

Inventor： Eva Berggren ,  Ilya Zelikman

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: C08B37/0021 ,  G01N27/44747

Abstract: The use of a gel produced by polymerization of a dextran derivative which exhibits groups that contain an alkene structure, for separating nucleic acid by electrophoresis.

Abstract translation: 使用通过聚合具有含有烯烃结构的基团的葡聚糖衍生物制备的凝胶，用于通过电泳分离核酸。

公开(公告)号：US06306272B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09172187

申请日：1998-10-13

Applicant: David S. Soane ,  Zoya M. Soane

Inventor： David S. Soane ,  Zoya M. Soane

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: B01D57/02 ,  B01F13/0059 ,  B01F13/0076 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01J2219/00853 ,  B01J2219/00912 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C07K1/26 ,  G01N27/44752 ,  G01N27/44773 ,  G03F7/0002

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed for moving charged molecules through a medium by the application of a plurality of electrical fields of sufficient strength and applied for sufficient amounts of time so as to move the charged molecules through the medium. The devices although preferably small in size, preferably generate large numbers (100 or more) of electrical fields to a movement area which preferably contains a liquid buffered or gel medium. Mixtures of charged molecules are pulled through the gel by the force of the electrical fields. The fields are preferably activated simultaneously or sequentially one after another at various speeds to create complex force field distributions or moving field waves along the separation medium. Charged molecules capable of moving quickly through the gel will be moved along by the faster moving field waves and be separated from slower moving molecules. The fields can be activated by computer software and can be used to move molecules away from and toward each other to obtain rapid and complex chemical synthesis, sequencing or reaction protocols.

Abstract translation: 公开的装置和方法用于通过施加足够强度的多个电场来移动带电分子通过介质，并施加足够的时间，以使带电分子移动通过介质。 尽管尺寸优选小的装置优选地对于优选含有液体缓冲或凝胶介质的运动区域产生大量（100个或更多个）电场。 带电分子的混合物被电场的力拉入凝胶。 这些场优选地以各种速度一个接一个地同时或顺序地被激活，以产生沿着分离介质的复数的力场分布或移动的场波。 能够快速移动通过凝胶的带电分子将沿着更快的移动场波移动并与较慢的移动分子分离。 这些领域可以通过计算机软件激活，并且可以用于将分子移开和相互移动，以获得快速和复杂的化学合成，测序或反应方案。