公开(公告)号：US08691129B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-08

申请号：US11800730

申请日：2007-05-08

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： B29C43/00

CPC分类号： B22F1/0059 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B22F3/02

摘要： A method of producing an electrically conductive composite composition, which is particularly useful for fuel cell bipolar plate applications. The method comprises: (a) providing a supply of expandable graphite powder; (b) providing a supply of a non-expandable powder component comprising a binder or matrix material; (c) blending the expandable graphite with the non-expandable powder component to form a powder mixture wherein the non-expandable powder component is in the amount of between 3% and 60% by weight based on the total weight of the powder mixture; (d) exposing the powder mixture to a temperature sufficient for exfoliating the expandable graphite to obtain a compressible mixture comprising expanded graphite worms and the non-expandable component; (e) compressing the compressible mixture at a pressure within the range of from about 5 psi to about 50,000 psi in predetermined directions into predetermined forms of cohered graphite composite compact; and (f) treating the so-formed cohered graphite composite to activate the binder or matrix material thereby promoting adhesion within the compact to produce the desired composite composition. Preferably, the non-expandable powder component further comprises an isotropy-promoting agent such as non-expandable graphite particles. Further preferably, step (e) comprises compressing the mixture in at least two directions. The method leads to composite plates with exceptionally high thickness-direction electrical conductivity.

摘要翻译： 一种制造导电复合材料组合物的方法，其特别适用于燃料电池双极板应用。 该方法包括：（a）提供可膨胀石墨粉的供应; （b）提供包含粘合剂或基质材料的不可膨胀粉末组分的供应; （c）将可膨胀石墨与不可发泡粉末组分混合以形成粉末混合物，其中基于粉末混合物的总重量，不可发泡粉末组分的量为3重量％至60重量％; （d）将粉末混合物暴露于足以剥离可膨胀石墨的温度以获得包含膨胀石墨蠕虫和不可膨胀组分的可压缩混合物; （e）在预定方向上以约5psi至约50,000psi范围内的压力将可压缩混合物压缩成预定形式的粘结石墨复合材料; 和（f）处理如此形成的粘结石墨复合材料以活化粘合剂或基质材料，从而促进压块内的粘合以产生所需的复合组合物。 优选地，不可膨胀粉末组分还包含各向同性促进剂，例如不可膨胀石墨颗粒。 进一步优选地，步骤（e）包括在至少两个方向压缩混合物。 该方法导致具有非常高的厚度方向电导率的复合板。

公开(公告)号：US07824651B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-02

申请号：US11800728

申请日：2007-05-08

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： C01B31/04

CPC分类号： C01B32/225

摘要： The present invention provides a method of exfoliating a layered material (e.g., graphite and graphite oxide) to produce nano-scaled platelets having a thickness smaller than 100 nm, typically smaller than 10 nm. The method comprises (a) dispersing particles of graphite, graphite oxide, or a non-graphite laminar compound in a liquid medium containing therein a surfactant or dispersing agent to obtain a stable suspension or slurry; and (b) exposing the suspension or slurry to ultrasonic waves at an energy level for a sufficient length of time to produce separated nano-scaled platelets. The nano-scaled platelets are candidate reinforcement fillers for polymer nanocomposites. Nano-scaled graphene platelets are much lower-cost alternatives to carbon nano-tubes or carbon nano-fibers.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种剥离层状材料（例如石墨和氧化石墨）以产生厚度小于100nm，通常小于10nm的纳米级片晶的方法。 该方法包括（a）将石墨，氧化石墨或非石墨层状化合物的颗粒分散在其中含有表面活性剂或分散剂的液体介质中以获得稳定的悬浮液或浆料; 和（b）将悬浮液或浆料以能量水平暴露于超声波足够长的时间以产生分离的纳米级血小板。 纳米级血小板是聚合物纳米复合材料的候选增强填料。 纳米级石墨烯血小板是碳纳米管或碳​​纳米纤维成本低廉的替代品。

公开(公告)号：US09029019B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-12

申请号：US11893398

申请日：2007-08-17

申请人： Bor Z. Jang ,  Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo

发明人： Bor Z. Jang ,  Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo

IPC分类号： H01M4/587 ,  H01M4/131 ,  H01G11/50 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M4/62

CPC分类号： H01M4/587 ,  H01G11/50 ,  H01M4/131 ,  H01M4/621 ,  H01M4/624 ,  H01M4/625 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  Y02E60/122 ,  Y02E60/13

摘要： A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material which is capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions, and a non-aqueous electrolyte disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The carbonaceous material comprises a graphite crystal structure having an interplanar spacing d002 of at least 0.400 nm (preferably at least 0.55 nm) as determined from a (002) reflection peak in powder X-ray diffraction. This larger interplanar spacing implies a larger interstitial space between two graphene planes to accommodate a greater amount of lithium. The battery exhibits an exceptional specific capacity, excellent reversible capacity, and long cycle life.

公开(公告)号：US08132746B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-13

申请号：US11787442

申请日：2007-04-17

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： B02C19/00

CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/15 ,  C01B32/184 ,  C01B32/22 ,  C01B32/225 ,  C01B32/23

摘要： A method of exfoliating a layered material to produce separated nano-scaled platelets having a thickness smaller than 100 nm. The method comprises: (a) providing a graphite intercalation compound comprising a layered graphite containing expandable species residing in an interlayer space of the layered graphite; (b) exposing the graphite intercalation compound to an exfoliation temperature lower than 650° C. for a duration of time sufficient to at least partially exfoliate the layered graphite without incurring a significant level of oxidation; and (c) subjecting the at least partially exfoliated graphite to a mechanical shearing treatment to produce separated platelets. The method can further include a step of dispersing the platelets in a polymer or monomer solution or suspension as a precursor step to nanocomposite fabrication.

摘要翻译： 剥离层状材料以产生厚度小于100nm的分离的纳米尺寸血小板的方法。 该方法包括：（a）提供石墨插层化合物，其包含层状石墨，该层状石墨包含位于层状石墨的层间空间中的可膨胀物质; （b）将石墨插层化合物暴露于低于650℃的剥离温度持续足以至少部分地剥离层状石墨的时间，而不会引起显着水平的氧化; 和（c）使至少部分脱落的石墨经受机械剪切处理以产生分离的血小板。 该方法还可以包括将血小板分散在聚合物或单体溶液或悬浮液中作为前体步骤的纳米复合制备的步骤。

公开(公告)号：US20080299419A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US11807379

申请日：2007-05-29

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： H01M8/02

CPC分类号： H01M8/0228 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  H01M8/0213 ,  H01M8/0226 ,  Y10T428/24942

摘要： An electrically conductive laminate composition for fuel cell flow field plate or bipolar plate applications. The laminate composition comprises at least a thin metal sheet having two opposed exterior surfaces and a first exfoliated graphite composite sheet bonded to the first of the two exterior surfaces of the metal sheet wherein the exfoliated graphite composite sheet comprises: (a) expanded or exfoliated graphite and (b) a binder or matrix material to bond the expanded graphite for forming a cohered sheet, wherein the binder or matrix material is between 3% and 60% by weight based on the total weight of the first exfoliated graphite composite sheet. Preferably, the first exfoliated graphite composite sheet further comprises particles of non-expandable graphite or carbon in the amount of between 3% and 60% by weight based on the total weight of the non-expandable particles and the expanded graphite. Further preferably, the laminate comprises a second exfoliated graphite composite sheet bonded to the second surface of the metal sheet to form a three-layer laminate. Surface flow channels and other desired geometric features can be built onto the exterior surfaces of the laminate to form a flow field plate or bipolar plate. The resulting laminate has an exceptionally high thickness-direction conductivity and excellent resistance to gas permeation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于燃料电池流场板或双极板应用的导电层压组合物。 所述层叠组合物至少包括具有两个相对的外表面的薄金属片和与所述金属片的两个外表面中的第一外表面结合的第一剥离石墨复合片，其中所述剥离石墨复合片包括：（a）膨胀或剥落的石墨 和（b）粘合剂或基质材料，以结合用于形成粘结片材的膨胀石墨，其中基于第一剥离石墨复合片材的总重量，粘合剂或基质材料为3重量％至60重量％。 优选地，基于不可膨胀颗粒和膨胀石墨的总重量，第一剥离石墨复合片材还包含不可膨胀石墨或碳的颗粒，其量为3重量％至60重量％。 进一步优选地，层压体包括结合到金属板的第二表面的第二剥离石墨复合片，以形成三层层压体。 可以在层压板的外表面上形成表面流动通道和其它期望的几何特征，以形成流场板或双极板。 所得到的层压体具有非常高的厚度方向导电性和优异的耐气体渗透性。

公开(公告)号：US20090061191A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US11899009

申请日：2007-09-04

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： B32B9/00 ,  H01B1/04 ,  H01B1/06

CPC分类号： H01B1/04

摘要： This invention provides an electrically conductive, less anisotropic, recompressed exfoliated graphite article comprising a mixture of (a) expanded or exfoliated graphite flakes; and (b) particles of non-expandable graphite or carbon, wherein the non-expandable graphite or carbon particles are in the amount of between about 3% and about 70% by weight based on the total weight of the particles and the expanded graphite flakes combined; wherein the mixture is compressed to form the article having an apparent bulk density of from about 0.1 g/cm3 to about 2.0 g/cm3. The article exhibits a thickness-direction conductivity typically greater than 50 S/cm, more typically greater than 100 S/cm, and most typically greater than 200 S/cm. The article, when used in a thin foil or sheet form, can be a useful component in a sheet molding compound plate used as a fuel cell separator or flow field plate. The article may also be used as a current collector for a battery, supercapacitor, or any other electrochemical cell.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种导电性较小的各向异性的再压缩剥离石墨制品，其包含（a）膨胀或剥落的石墨薄片的混合物; 和（b）不可膨胀石墨或碳的颗粒，其中基于颗粒和膨胀石墨薄片的总重量，不可膨胀石墨或碳颗粒的量为约3重量％至约70重量％ 结合 其中将该混合物压缩以形成具有约0.1g / cm 3至约2.0g / cm 3的表观松密度的制品。 该制品的厚度方向导电率通常大于50S / cm，更典型地大于100S / cm，最典型地大于200S / cm。 当以薄箔或片状形式使用时，该制品可以是用作燃料电池隔板或流场板的片状模塑复合板中的有用组件。 该物品也可以用作电池，超级电容器或任何其它电化学电池的集电器。

公开(公告)号：US08728679B2

公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

申请号：US11807379

申请日：2007-05-29

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： H01M8/24 ,  B32B7/02

CPC分类号： H01M8/0228 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  H01M8/0213 ,  H01M8/0226 ,  Y10T428/24942

摘要： An electrically conductive laminate composition for fuel cell flow field plate or bipolar plate applications. The laminate composition comprises at least a thin metal sheet having two opposed exterior surfaces and a first exfoliated graphite composite sheet bonded to the first of the two exterior surfaces of the metal sheet wherein the exfoliated graphite composite sheet comprises: (a) expanded or exfoliated graphite and (b) a binder or matrix material to bond the expanded graphite for forming a cohered sheet, wherein the binder or matrix material is between 3% and 60% by weight based on the total weight of the first exfoliated graphite composite sheet. Preferably, the first exfoliated graphite composite sheet further comprises particles of non-expandable graphite or carbon in the amount of between 3% and 60% by weight based on the total weight of the non-expandable particles and the expanded graphite. Further preferably, the laminate comprises a second exfoliated graphite composite sheet bonded to the second surface of the metal sheet to form a three-layer laminate. Surface flow channels and other desired geometric features can be built onto the exterior surfaces of the laminate to form a flow field plate or bipolar plate. The resulting laminate has an exceptionally high thickness-direction conductivity and excellent resistance to gas permeation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于燃料电池流场板或双极板应用的导电层压组合物。 所述层叠组合物至少包括具有两个相对的外表面的薄金属片和与所述金属片的两个外表面中的第一外表面结合的第一剥离石墨复合片，其中所述剥离石墨复合片包括：（a）膨胀或剥离的石墨 和（b）粘合剂或基质材料，以结合用于形成粘结片材的膨胀石墨，其中基于第一剥离石墨复合片材的总重量，粘合剂或基质材料为3重量％至60重量％。 优选地，基于不可膨胀颗粒和膨胀石墨的总重量，第一剥离石墨复合片材还包含不可膨胀石墨或碳的颗粒，其量为3重量％至60重量％。 进一步优选地，层压体包括结合到金属板的第二表面的第二剥离石墨复合片，以形成三层层压体。 可以在层压板的外表面上形成表面流动通道和其它期望的几何特征，以形成流场板或双极板。 所得到的层压体具有非常高的厚度方向导电性和优异的耐气体渗透性。

公开(公告)号：US08501307B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-06

申请号：US11899009

申请日：2007-09-04

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： B32B9/00 ,  H01B1/04 ,  H01B1/06

CPC分类号： H01B1/04

摘要： This invention provides an electrically conductive, less anisotropic, recompressed exfoliated graphite article comprising a mixture of (a) expanded or exfoliated graphite flakes; and (b) particles of non-expandable graphite or carbon, wherein the non-expandable graphite or carbon particles are in the amount of between about 3% and about 70% by weight based on the total weight of the particles and the expanded graphite flakes combined; wherein the mixture is compressed to form the article having an apparent bulk density of from about 0.1 g/cm3 to about 2.0 g/cm3. The article exhibits a thickness-direction conductivity typically greater than 50 S/cm, more typically greater than 100 S/cm, and most typically greater than 200 S/cm. The article, when used in a thin foil or sheet form, can be a useful component in a sheet molding compound plate used as a fuel cell separator or flow field plate. The article may also be used as a current collector for a battery, supercapacitor, or any other electrochemical cell.

公开(公告)号：US20090057940A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US11899008

申请日：2007-09-04

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： B29C67/20

CPC分类号： C04B35/536 ,  C04B35/522 ,  C04B35/83 ,  C04B2235/526 ,  C04B2235/528 ,  C04B2235/604 ,  C04B2235/608 ,  H01M4/663 ,  H01M8/0234

摘要： This invention provides a method for recompressing expanded or exfoliated graphite to produce a less anisotropic, flexible graphite foil having a thickness-direction electrical conductivity no less than 15 S/cm. In one preferred embodiment, the method comprises: (a) providing a mixture of expanded or exfoliated graphite flakes and particles of non-expandable graphite or carbon, wherein the non-expandable graphite or carbon particles are in the amount of between about 3% and 70% by weight based on the total weight of the particles and the exfoliated graphite; (b) compressing the mixture in at least a first direction to a pressure within the range of from about 0.04 MPa to about 350 MPa into a first cohered mixture; and (c) compressing this first cohered mixture in a second direction, different from the first direction, to a pressure sufficient to produce said flexible graphite foil having a bulk density within the range of from about 0.1 g/cm2 to about 2.0 g/cm2. All these operations are preferably conducted continuously. The foil exhibits a thickness-direction conductivity typically greater than 50 S/cm, more typically greater than 100 S/cm, and most typically greater than 200 S/cm. The foil can be used as a component in a sheet molding compound plate as a fuel cell separator or flow field plate. The foil may also be used as a current collector for a battery, supercapacitor, or any other electrochemical cell.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于再膨化膨胀或剥离的石墨以产生厚度方向导电率不小于15S / cm的较不均匀的柔性石墨箔的方法。 在一个优选实施方案中，该方法包括：（a）提供膨胀或剥落的石墨薄片和不可膨胀石墨或碳颗粒的混合物，其中不可膨胀石墨或碳颗粒的量为约3％至 70重量％，基于颗粒和剥离石墨的总重量; （b）将混合物在至少第一方向压缩至约0.04MPa至约350MPa范围内的压力进入第一粘结混合物; 和（c）在不同于第一方向的第二方向上将该第一粘结混合物压缩至足以产生堆积密度在约0.1g / cm 2至约2.0g / cm 2范围内的柔性石墨箔的压力 。 所有这些操作优选连续进行。 箔呈现通常大于50S / cm，更典型地大于100S / cm，最典型地大于200S / cm的厚度方向导电性。 该箔可以用作作为燃料电池隔板或流场板的片状模塑复合板中的组分。 箔也可以用作电池，超级电容器或任何其它电化学电池的集电器。

公开(公告)号：US20080279710A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

申请号：US11800730

申请日：2007-05-08

申请人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

发明人： Aruna Zhamu ,  Jinjun Shi ,  Jiusheng Guo ,  Bor Z. Jang

IPC分类号： B22F7/00 ,  B22F3/02 ,  B22F3/04

CPC分类号： B22F1/0059 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B22F3/02

摘要： A method of producing an electrically conductive composite composition, which is particularly useful for fuel cell bipolar plate applications. The method comprises: (a) providing a supply of expandable graphite powder; (b) providing a supply of a non-expandable powder component comprising a binder or matrix material; (c) blending the expandable graphite with the non-expandable powder component to form a powder mixture wherein the non-expandable powder component is in the amount of between 3% and 60% by weight based on the total weight of the powder mixture; (d) exposing the powder mixture to a temperature sufficient for exfoliating the expandable graphite to obtain a compressible mixture comprising expanded graphite worms and the non-expandable component; (e) compressing the compressible mixture at a pressure within the range of from about 5 psi to about 50,000 psi in predetermined directions into predetermined forms of cohered graphite composite compact; and (f) treating the so-formed cohered graphite composite to activate the binder or matrix material thereby promoting adhesion within the compact to produce the desired composite composition. Preferably, the non-expandable powder component further comprises an isotropy-promoting agent such as non-expandable graphite particles. Further preferably, step (e) comprises compressing the mixture in at least two directions. The method leads to composite plates with exceptionally high thickness-direction electrical conductivity.

摘要翻译： 一种制造导电复合材料组合物的方法，其特别适用于燃料电池双极板应用。 该方法包括：（a）提供可膨胀石墨粉的供应; （b）提供包含粘合剂或基质材料的不可膨胀粉末组分的供应; （c）将可膨胀石墨与不可发泡粉末组分混合以形成粉末混合物，其中基于粉末混合物的总重量，不可发泡粉末组分的量为3重量％至60重量％; （d）将粉末混合物暴露于足以剥离可膨胀石墨的温度以获得包含膨胀石墨蠕虫和不可膨胀组分的可压缩混合物; （e）在预定方向上以约5psi至约50,000psi范围内的压力将可压缩混合物压缩成预定形式的粘结石墨复合材料; 和（f）处理如此形成的粘结石墨复合材料以活化粘合剂或基质材料，从而促进压块内的粘合以产生所需的复合组合物。 优选地，不可膨胀粉末组分还包含各向同性促进剂，例如不可膨胀石墨颗粒。 进一步优选地，步骤（e）包括在至少两个方向压缩混合物。 该方法导致具有非常高的厚度方向电导率的复合板。